1. Kara Erdman, Eric Rowe, and Amanda Barnett

2. “Trafficking is a transnational criminal enterprise. It recognizes neither boundaries nor borders. Profits from trafficking feed into the coffers of organized crime. Trafficking is fueled by other criminal activities such as document fraud, money laundering and migrant smuggling. Because trafficking cases are expansive in reach, they are among the most important matters—as well as the most labor and time-intensive matters—undertaken by the Department of Justice.” Remarks by Attorney General John Ashcroft

3. The Slave Auction, Jean-Léon Gérôme, 1880 The Rape of Proserpina, Bernini, 1621-62

4. Native American Woman in European clothing “The white people, who are trying to make us over into their image, they want us to be what they call ‘assimilated,’ bringing the Indians into the mainstream and destroying our own way of life and our own cultural patterns. They believe we should be contented like those whose concept of happiness is materialistic and greedy, which is very different from our way.” – 1927 Grand Council of American Indians

5. “When he told me that I was made for his use, made to obey his command in everything; that I was nothing but a slave, whose will must and should surrender to his, never before had my puny arm felt half so strong.” – Harriet Jacobs “When they told me my new-born babe was a girl, my heart was heavier than it had ever been before. Slavery is terrible for men; but it is far more terrible for women.”

6. “Prostitution is the driving force behind sex trafficking. The demand fuels the industry. The U.S. must address the demand side of the equation if there is going to be success in combating the problem.” – Janice Crouse

7. “After the abuse, my pimp would tell me to sit on his lap and ask me what was wrong,” says Tina Frundt, a former child prostitute who now works for the Polaris Project, an anti-trafficking agency in Washington, DC. “When I said, ‘You broke my arm,’ he hit me and asked me again. I had to say, ‘I fell down.’... Instead of being angry at him, I grew angry at myself for not listening to him in the first place.” (http://www.ncjw.org/content_236.cfm)

8.  Those who were trafficked were deemed to be inferior because of their race, religion, and/or social norms  Colonizers believed they were superior in intellect and morality than other cultures and therefore could superimpose their own conventions on the foreign populace

9.  People only respected those who were like them  Men created laws to order society Jesus and the Adulteress, Giovanni Francesco Barbieri Guerchin, 1621  Religion demanded obedience from those who were controlled by others  Slaves were threatened with eternal damnation

10.  Laws were respected by those under the same rule, but between countries people lacked rights towards one another  Native Americans, Africans and Asians exploited Exploitation of Native American labor by Spaniards in Peru, Theodore de Bry, 1596  Considered morally and intellectually superior  Foreigners were still subjects of human trafficking

11.  British Empire enacted the abolition of slavery on March 25, 1807  United States abolished slavery via the 13 th Amendment, ratified on December 6, 1865  Trafficking never ceased, even in the U.S.  Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000

12.  League of Nations makes International Agreement for the Suppression of White Slave Traffic in 1904  Limited in scope: only for white women/children  United Nations agree on Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others  Done little to suppress trafficking Mother and Child, Mary Cassatt, 1897

13.  Lack of success in stopping human traffic is due to both apathy and financial profits  Financial profits are the strongest incentive for trafficking to take place  Profitable for both private groups and governments  Apathy stems from cultural acceptance of women and children serving as tradable commodities

14.  Slavery is the restriction of agreed upon human rights; therefore, trafficking is a major problem in the fight for global freedom  (National/International) Governments have made progress in giving freedom to all people  Hasn’t ceased: the population of trafficked humans is marginalized because many individuals and nations profit from it

15.  Laws  Awareness Raising  Celebrity Outreach

16.  18-20,000 people each year in the U.S. alone  2 children are sold, on average, a minute  So in the time it takes for our ten minute presentation, 20 children will have been sold  Trafficking Victims Protection Act (2000)  Trafficking in Person’s Report (TIP)  U.S. was ranked as Tier 1  “Human Trafficking is a transnational phenomenon, [and the] U.S. is in no way immune”

17.  Love 146  Advocates for Human Rights  National Advisory Council on Violence Against Women  United Nations  Toolkit to End Violence Against Women

21. Mira Sorvino  “Human Trafficking” (2005)  Goodwill Ambassador to United Nations

22. Angelina Jolie  MTV’s EXIT campaign  Spokeswoman against trafficking  Goodwill Ambassador

23. Ricky Martin  Ricky Martin Foundation  Spokesman/Activist

24.  A- 1/2  B- 2/3  C- 3/4

25.  A- 40%  B- 50%  C- 60%

26.  A- 100%  B- 90%  C- 80%

27.  A- $90  B- $50  C- $120

28.  A- 10  B- 1  C- 5

29.  True  False

30.  A- Force into prostitution  B- Slavery or involuntary servitude  C- Sex acts and pornography  D- Debt bondage  E- All of the above

31.  A- 39 Million  B- 52 Million  C- 27 Million