1. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop Achieving a Mobility Revolution in Asia through Non-Motorised Transport John Whitelegg Stockholm Environment Institute United Kingdom

2. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop The Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) SEI is an independent, international research institute specializing in sustainable development and environment issues. The SEI mission developed from the insights gained at the 1972 UN Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm (after which the Institute derives its name), the work of the (Brundtland) World Commission for Environment and Development and the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development. SEI’s mission is to support decision-making and induce change towards sustainable development around the world by providing integrative knowledge that bridges science and policy in the field of environment and development. Mission

3. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop

4. The SEI Centres

5. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop The Impact of the Problem Source: WHO, 2002 “Air pollution puts the lives of Millions at risk in Asian cities” Premature Deaths

6. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop UPI Heidelberg (Germany) Published in 1995 Global population of vehicles will be 2.3 billion in 2030 Fuel demand will increase from 650 mt to 1.3 billion tonne CO 2 equivalent emissions will increase from 4.4 billion tonnes to 10 billion tonnes

7. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop UPI (cont) Road deaths will increase from 0.5 million to 2.5 million by 2030 and most deaths will be in poorer countries Injuries will increase from 9 million to 60 million by 2030 Permanently handicapped will increase from 0.8 million to 5.7 million by 2030

8. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop Consequences Air Pollution Premature death Health care costs Social inequity (the poor are killed by the rich) Loss of land

9. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop Land Take for Future Transport The land requirement for new roads and car parking will rise from 50,000 sq kms to 200,000 sq kms by 2030 This land take (in 2030) is enough to feed 80 million people The last crop that will be grown on this land is tarmac and concrete

10. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop Huge Social Costs Streets become traffic sewers Communities are destroyed The elderly suffer Children are killed and seriously injured Social polarisation (do we want to live in this kind of world?)

11. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop Deaths and Injuries (WHO 2004) 1.2 million people are killed in road crashes each year 50 million are injured 3000 people die every day 85% of the deaths are from low and middle income countries By 2020 RTI will be 3 rd leading cause of disease and injury

12. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop More polarised

13. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop Polarization

14. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop Sprawl

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16. U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Transportation Technologies Western Europe 16.8 million

17. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop Decades of uncontrolled suburban sprawl conceived around the motor car have left them unable to walk even if they wish to. Fatter and Less Fit

18. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop TIA versus TINA Non-motorised transport Land use planning Fiscal re-balancing Demand management Highway space reallocation

19. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop BUT … There has to be political will!

20. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop Non-Motorised Transport Walking (including walking to bus stops and train stations) Cycling Rickshaws

21. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop Best Practice in NMT Bike lanes and pedestrian facilities in Bogota Taj Mahal cycle taxi improvement project (ITDP) Kolkata integrated transport plan (Eco- Logica) Bicycle Master Plan for Delhi (TRIPP)

22. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop Drawing the Road Map to NMT Citizen participation, media attention and political prioritisation (and include women, children and the elderly) Budget reallocation Pilot projects in all major Asian cities Evaluation Redefinition of measures and targets

23. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop The NMT Tool Kit Identify and build safe, secure, direct well managed, shaded and well drained bike and pedestrian paths Connect the places that people want to visit/travel to All bus/train/BRT thinking to be linked to pedestrian and cycle access

24. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop SMART Need to have a vision Must be geographically relevant and sensitive (what “goes” in Delhi might not work in Kolkata or Manila or Beijing) Must be based on citizen involvement

25. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop Delhi (TRIPP) Geetam Tiwari Planning for bicycles and other non motorised modes Transportation Research and Injury Prevention programme, IIT, Delhi

26. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop New Delhi

27. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop Link to Sustainability Strategies Greenhouse gas reduction Air quality improvement Better health though better air quality and physical exercise Sustainable cities( accessibility rich and socially just)

28. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop Increase in Air Pollution for Kolkata if rickshaws are banned (tonnes) DailyAnnual OptimisticCO177.164,641 HC21.97,993 NO x 10.33,760 PessimisticCO207.375,664 HC25.39,235 NO x 8.02,920

29. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop Reinforcement Leadership Constant messages Intelligent travel Citizen panels/citizen juries Quality control

30. john.Whitelegg@phonecoop.coop Rich Country Responsibilities To do the same with vigour and conviction (traffic reduction, NMT and sustainable cities) To adopt Vision Zero (Swedish road safety strategy) To question the role of European car manufactures in Asia To adopt ethical consultancy and project finance guidelines

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