1. Fiber Optic Communications TE-504 Department of TE&CE IIU Islamabd Instructor :Engr. Muhammad Ashraf Bhutta

2. Lecture 1 - outline Course info Fiber optic introduction fiber basics history modulation formats digital/analog modulation ray optics description of fibers Relevant chapters in the book:1-2.1

3. Course outline week.1 Introduction, Optical fibers - geometrical description week.2Optical fibers - waveguiding, Maxwells equations week 3 Optical fibers - dispersion, pulse broadening, attenuation week 4 Optical fibers - nonlinearities Week 5 Solitons, nonlinear phenomena week 6 Light emitting diodes, semiconductor lasers

4. Course outline… week 7 Photodetectors, receivers Week 8 Optical amplifiers Week 9 Optical amplifiers Week 10 Receiver performance Week 11 System design Week 12 Dispersion compensation Week 13 Multi-channel systems, WDM / OTDM Week 14 Coherent systems, Microwave Photonics NOTE: Each week we,ll have two lectures(02hrs+01hrs)

5. Home assignment, Research papers 4 Assignments Three quizez Two research Papers on the topics covered in the course Text books Fiber Optic Communications Technology 3 rd edition By Djafar K. Optical fiber communications Third edition by Gerd Keiser Fiber Optic Communication systems Third Edition by Govind p. Agrawal

6. A definition of Fiber Optics Utilization of electromagnetic waves in dielectric, circular waveguides combined with optoelectronic devices (LEDs, lasers, photodiodes, amplifiers, etc.) Applications of fiber optics: communication medical applications optical sensing power distribution welding, drilling...

7. Some definitions Visible spectrum 0.4 to 0.7 micrometer Optical (guided light) communication field 700-1600 nm Reflection and refraction refractive index n=c/v Dispersion: process of separating light into each of its component frequencies.

8. Diffraction:bending of light as it passes through an openong in an obstacle Absorption:conversion of light into heat Amount of energy contained in light is determined by wavelength or frequency E=hf(joules per photon) Light passing from a lower refractive index to a higher one is bent toward the normal

9. Fresnel reflection Independentof the index of the two media, a small portion of light will always be reflected when light passes from one index to another,this is called fresnel reflecton(p) P=(n-1/n+1)2 dB=10log10(1-p)

10. The electromagnetic spectrum

11. Fiber Optic Commnication Link

12. Optical Fibers

13. A multi-disciplinary technology

14. Undersea systems

15. Fiber basics

16. Optical Fibers

17. Fiber advantages Low attenuation (0.2 dB/km) Large bandwidth (35 THz) Wavelength independent attenuation in the transmission window The enormous capacity of an installed fiber can be utilized in future as the demand increases Small geometry and low weight Flexible Easy to install

18. Fiber advantages…… Low sensitivity to moisture The fiber endpoints handle large differences in voltage Immune to electromagnetic interference No crosstalk between fibers Damage can not cause sparking Potentially low cost Well suited for future broadband services

19. WDM-OTDM

20. Progress in Lightwave communication (2)

21. Direct detection digital and analog systems

22. Analog and digital signals

23. The dB units

24. Fiber types

25. Ray-optics description of step-index fiber (1)

26. Numerical apereture