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4. 4  Mantle Upper- Lithosphere Lower- Asthenosphere  Crust  Inner Core  Outer Core The Earth’s Cross-Section

5. The Geology & Atmosphere of the Earth  Mesosphere  Stratosphere  Ionosphere  Troposphere 5

6. Terrestrial Planets 6 Few moons and have no existent rings Close to the Sun Metal and rock Little in both mass and size

7. Geology & Atmosphere of Terrestrial Planets Geology Atmosphere o Volcanic and tectonic activities are primarily caused by internal heat from radioactive decay. o Staying geologically active today are large planets which can retain enough internal heat. 7

8. Objects in the Solar System Natural Satellite’sComets  Mercury - 0  Venus - 0  Earth - 1  Mars - 2  Jupiter - 62  Saturn - 33  Uranus - 27  Neptune - 13  Pluto - 1 8

9. Objects in the Solar System AsteroidsMeteors  NEO asteroids  Near Earth Objects  Minor planets  Asteroids are very small to be considered as planets  Fireballs  Very rare meteors that are very bright and have the highest chance to explode.  Meteoroids  These are asteroids that are in the course of collision towards the earth. 9

10. Earth in comparison with Mars and Exoplanet 51 Peg Mars51 peg B half of Earth’s diameter Atmospheric pressure  Oxygen level  Volcanoes  Ozone layer  Surface area  Moons 10 Atmosphere Yellow hue Orbit Jovian Hot

11. Earth in comparison with asteroids and comets Asteroidscomets Numbers Orbit Location Composition Size/Shape Temperature Orbit Composition Size 11

12. 12 Bennett, J. O., Donahue, M., Schneider, N. O., & Voit, M. (2010). The cosmic perspective (6th ed.). Boston, MA: Addison Wesley. IMAGE SOURCE PAGE: http://hendrix2.uoregon.edu/~imamura/121/lecture-7/lecture-7.html Edin, H. (2008). Okie Tex Star Party. Retrieved from: http://living-creatures.blogspot.com/2008/10/bright-bolide.html International Space Fellowship (2002). A long-period Comet: http://spacefellowship.com/news/art11239/crashing-comets-not- likely-the-cause-of-earth-s-mass-extinctions.html Prado, M. (2012). Utilization of Asteroids Near Earth. Retrieved from: http://www.permanent.com/near-earth-asteroids-overview.html Space Today (2012). Moons of the Solar System. Retrieved from: http://www.spacetoday.org/SolSys/Moons/MoonsSolSys.html 51 Pegasi. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/51_Pegasi

13. Dynamic Earth. Retrieved from: http://www.learner.org/interactives/dynamicearth/structure.htmlhttp://www.learner.org/interactives/dynamicearth/structure.html Earth’s Atmosphere. Retrieved from: http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/ lect/earth/atmosphere.html 51 Peg B. Retrieved from: http://www.extrasolar.net/planettour.asp?PlanetID=1 http://www.extrasolar.net/planettour.asp?PlanetID=1 Mars. Retrieved from: www.space.com/47-mars-the-red-planet-fourth-planet-from-the-sun Asteroid. Retrieved from: nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/photogallery-asteroids.html Comet. Retrieved from: starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChild/solar_system_level2/comets.html 13