Using Sources in your Work: A Tutorial on Avoiding Plagiarism GRADE 11 & 12 NOTE: To move through this tutorial, use the mouse to click on the arrow at.

Using Sources in your Work: A Tutorial on Avoiding Plagiarism GRADE 11 & 12 NOTE: To move through this tutorial, use the mouse to click on the arrow at the bottom right of your screen.

Agenda for This Tutorial Pretest your knowledge of plagiarism by looking at some sample situations. Pretest your knowledge of plagiarism by looking at some sample situations. Learn more about plagiarism: Learn more about plagiarism: What plagiarism is and how one can avoid itWhat plagiarism is and how one can avoid it When to cite your sourcesWhen to cite your sources How to cite your sourcesHow to cite your sources Take a quiz to verify your understanding. Take a quiz to verify your understanding. Pledge that you will avoid plagiarism. Pledge that you will avoid plagiarism.

Definition of Plagiarism Plagiarism is: Plagiarism is: To steal the words or ideas of another personTo steal the words or ideas of another person To pass off the words or ideas of another person as one’s ownTo pass off the words or ideas of another person as one’s own It doesn’t matter whether the theft is intentional or accidental. Either way, it is plagiarism.It doesn’t matter whether the theft is intentional or accidental. Either way, it is plagiarism.

There is no acceptable excuse for plagiarism. Plagiarism is cheating (and it will be treated as such if it is found in your work). Look at these real life examples…

Real Life Plagiarism Scandals Doris Kearns Goodwin, a Pulitzer Prize winning historian, was forced to step down from the Pulitzer board after she was found to have accidentally used another’s words in one of her books. Hostetter, Janet. 6 Apr 2006. Associated Press Images. 5 Aug 2008. Kirpatrick, David D. “Author Goodwin Resigns from Pulitzer Board.” New York Times. (1 June 2002.) 5 Aug. 2008..

Real Life Plagiarism Scandals After being accused of rampant plagiarism in her work, tenured professor Madonna G. Constantine was fired from her position at Columbia University. Bondafeff, Dian. 10 Oct. 2007. Associated Press Images. 5 Aug 2008.. Santora, Marc. “Columbia Professor in Noose Case Is Fired on Plagiarism Charges.” New York Times. (24 June 2008.) 5 Aug. 2008..

Real Life Plagiarism Scandals As a reporter for the New York Times, Jayson Blair plagiarized or fabricated in more than 40 stories between 2002 and 2005. He was fired from his job. The top two editors of the newspaper resigned as a result of the scandal. “Correcting the Record.” New York Times. 11 May 2003. The New York Times. 5 Aug 2008. Image: Szymaszek, Jennifer. 12 May 2004. Associated Press Images. 5 Aug 2008.

Real Life Plagiarism Scandals Blair Hornstein was the valedictorian of her high school class and had earned admission to Harvard University. After articles Hornstein wrote for a local newspaper were discovered to have been plagiarized, Harvard University rescinded their acceptance. Capuzzo, Jill P. “MOORESTOWN JOURNAL; Seeing Crimson.” New York Times. (20 July 2003.) 5 Aug. 2008.. “Blair Hornstein.” The Gothamist. 14 July 2003. 5 Aug. 2008..

So, as you can see, plagiarism is a serious offense. This presentation is part of your class work so that you know what plagiarism is and how you can avoid it.

You know this… don’t you? Sure you do. Teachers have been talking (and talking, and talking) about plagiarism—and how you should avoid it. Sure you do. Teachers have been talking (and talking, and talking) about plagiarism—and how you should avoid it. Let’s see what you know about plagiarism. In each of the following examples, determine whether the student committed plagiarism or not. Let’s see what you know about plagiarism. In each of the following examples, determine whether the student committed plagiarism or not.

Jack’s Situation Jack has an English paper due tomorrow. He read the book and paid attention during class, but he has no idea what to write about. Jack logs onto the Internet “just to get some ideas about topics for his paper.” He finds a great idea and begins writing his paper using the topic he found. He is very careful to avoid copying any text or words from the Internet article he found. Is this plagiarism? YesNo

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You said… Jack did plagiarize. You are right. Jack’s actions constitute plagiarism. By taking the ideas of the source without citing them in the paper, Jack is committing plagiarism.By taking the ideas of the source without citing them in the paper, Jack is committing plagiarism. Even though he put the ideas in his own words, Jack is stealing the intellectual property of the source.Even though he put the ideas in his own words, Jack is stealing the intellectual property of the source.

You are wrong. Jack’s actions constitute plagiarism. By taking the ideas of the source without citing them in the paper, Jack is committing plagiarism.By taking the ideas of the source without citing them in the paper, Jack is committing plagiarism. Even though he put the ideas in his own words, Jack is stealing the intellectual property of the source. You are wrong. Jack’s actions constitute plagiarism.Even though he put the ideas in his own words, Jack is stealing the intellectual property of the source. You are wrong. Jack’s actions constitute plagiarism. He could avoid plagiarism if he cites the source of the ideas in his paper.He could avoid plagiarism if he cites the source of the ideas in his paper. You said… Jack did not plagiarize.

Jill’s Situation During history class, Jill is asked to find some background on Fidel Castro’s rise to power. Jill does a Google search and arrives at Wikipedia’s article on Fidel Castro. Without using quotation marks, Jill cuts and pastes several sentences from Wikipedia into her assignment. Is this plagiarism? YesNo

You said… Jill did plagiarize. You are right. Jill’s actions constitute plagiarism. By taking the words from the Wikipedia article, Jill is committing plagiarism.By taking the words from the Wikipedia article, Jill is committing plagiarism. She could avoid plagiarizing if she quotes the article in her assignment and includes an entry describing the source in a bibliography at the end of her paper.She could avoid plagiarizing if she quotes the article in her assignment and includes an entry describing the source in a bibliography at the end of her paper.

You are wrong. Jill’s actions constitute plagiarism. By taking the words from the Wikipedia article, Jill is committing plagiarism.By taking the words from the Wikipedia article, Jill is committing plagiarism. She could avoid plagiarizing if she quotes the article in her assignment and includes an entry describing the source in a bibliography at the end of her paper.She could avoid plagiarizing if she quotes the article in her assignment and includes an entry describing the source in a bibliography at the end of her paper. You said… Jill did not plagiarize.

Gretel’s Situation Gretel is a freshman who feels overwhelmed by the high school. When her science teacher assigns a short worksheet on quarks, Gretel is confused and frustrated. During lunch, Gretel “borrows” her friend’s paper and copies the answers onto her own paper. Is this plagiarism? YesNo

You said… Gretel did plagiarize. You are right. Gretel’s actions constitute plagiarism. Even if Gretel’s friend gave permission for Gretel to copy her work, it is still plagiarism.Even if Gretel’s friend gave permission for Gretel to copy her work, it is still plagiarism. Gretel is guilty of plagiarism. She tried to take credit for the words and ideas of another person.Gretel is guilty of plagiarism. She tried to take credit for the words and ideas of another person.

You are wrong. Gretel’s actions constitute plagiarism. Even if Gretel’s friend gave permission for Gretel to copy her work, it is still plagiarism.Even if Gretel’s friend gave permission for Gretel to copy her work, it is still plagiarism. It is plagiarism when a student tries to take credit for the words and ideas of another person without acknowledging the original source of the work.It is plagiarism when a student tries to take credit for the words and ideas of another person without acknowledging the original source of the work. You said… Gretel did not plagiarize.

Hansel’s Situation Hansel is a senior who has already been accepted to college. When his teacher assigns a paper on a subject that Hansel wrote a paper on as a sophomore, Hansel decides to turn in his old paper again. Is this plagiarism? YesNo

You said… Hansel did plagiarize. This example does not have a clear right or wrong answer. Although it may not technically be plagiarism, Hansel’s reuse of his own paper is prohibited by the rules of academic integrity. So, if caught, Hansel would be in trouble for his actions.So, if caught, Hansel would be in trouble for his actions.

This example does not have a clear right or wrong answer. Although it may not technically be plagiarism, Hansel’s reuse of his own paper is prohibited by the rules of academic integrity. So, if caught, Hansel would be in trouble for his actions.So, if caught, Hansel would be in trouble for his actions. You said… Hansel did not plagiarize.

Jacob’s Situation Jacob is a sophomore who is creating a digital story using images from the internet. Without giving the source and the name of the photographer, Jacob uses photographs found doing a Google Image search. Is this plagiarism? YesNo

You said… Jacob did plagiarize. Although this is not technically plagiarism, Jacob’s actions are wrong. The use of images or drawings created by anyone other than you requires citation of the artist’s name and the source of the image. So, if caught, Jacob would be in trouble for his actions.So, if caught, Jacob would be in trouble for his actions.

Although this is not technically plagiarism, Jacob’s actions are wrong. The use of images or drawings created by anyone other than you requires citation of the artist’s name and the source of the image. So, if caught, Jacob would be in trouble for his actions.So, if caught, Jacob would be in trouble for his actions. You said… Jacob did not plagiarize.

How did you do? Just to make sure you know what actions are plagiarism, please read the following…

Robert A. Harris, author of The Plagiarism Handbook, states that The following actions are clearly examples of plagiarism: Downloading and submitting a free paper from a website. Downloading and submitting a free paper from a website. Buying and submitting a paper purchased from a paper mill. Buying and submitting a paper purchased from a paper mill. Copying verbatim another writer’s work—either in print or online— without using quotation marks. Copying verbatim another writer’s work—either in print or online— without using quotation marks.

Harris continues his description by explaining that The actions below are also plagiarism, although many students don’t realize it: Inadequate paraphrasing, such as merely substituting synonyms while keeping syntax and other aspects the same Inadequate paraphrasing, such as merely substituting synonyms while keeping syntax and other aspects the same Rearranging another writer’s words or sentences Rearranging another writer’s words or sentences Using another’s ideas, facts, or artistic products without attribution Using another’s ideas, facts, or artistic products without attribution Using unique phrases from another writer Using unique phrases from another writer Copying the organizational or syntactical structure of another writer, even if you change the words used. Copying the organizational or syntactical structure of another writer, even if you change the words used.

Wait, there’s more… These are also plagiarism: Wait, there’s more… According to Harris These are also plagiarism: Cutting and pasting to create a paper from several sources without citing those sources. Cutting and pasting to create a paper from several sources without citing those sources. Quoting less than all the words copied. Quoting less than all the words copied. Changing some words but copying whole phrases. Changing some words but copying whole phrases. Paraphrasing without attribution Paraphrasing without attribution Summarizing without attribution Summarizing without attribution Faking a citation Faking a citation

OK, I get it… there are lots of ways to plagiarize. And, yes, I know that it is wrong. But, if I am not caught, I won’t be penalized. So, what is the benefit of citing my sources?

Four good reasons for citing sources in your work: Citing reliable information gives credibility to your work.

Four good reasons for citing sources in your work: Citing reliable information gives credibility to your work. Cheating is unethical behavior.

Four good reasons for citing sources in your work: Citing reliable information gives credibility to your work. Cheating is unethical behavior. It is only fair to give credit to the source—otherwise, you are stealing the source’s ideas.

Four good reasons for citing sources in your work: Citing reliable information gives credibility to your work. Cheating is unethical behavior. It is only fair to give credit to the source—otherwise, you are stealing the source’s ideas. The consequences are severe— plagiarism is not worth the risk.

OK, fine… there are reasons to not plagiarize. But, I’m busy. Very busy. And school doesn’t matter. And the assignment is stupid. And my teacher won’t catch me. And other kids are doing it. And I need a good grade. And it is due tomorrow! So, what am I supposed to do?

Well, first of all, you should not fall for those excuses! They are excuses for cheating. They are excuses for cheating. (By the way, your teachers and principals won’t believe that they are reasonable justification for cheating, either!) And it isn’t hard to avoid plagiarism! And it isn’t hard to avoid plagiarism! Just cite the source of any ideas or words you take from anyone else.Just cite the source of any ideas or words you take from anyone else. Then, provide a bibliography or Works Cited page to show where the borrowed material originated.Then, provide a bibliography or Works Cited page to show where the borrowed material originated.

So: (1) What do I need to cite? (2) How do I cite? Read on for the answers…

What do I need to cite? This chart will help you decide what must be cited. This chart will help you decide what must be cited. It was created by Robert A. Harris in The Plagiarism Handbook.It was created by Robert A. Harris in The Plagiarism Handbook. Did you think of it? No. Yes. Is it common knowledge? No. Yes. Cite it. Do not cite it.

So—the rule is: If you created it or thought of it, you do not need to cite the source. If you did not create the content, you must cite the source. Did you think of it? No. Yes. Is it common knowledge? No. Yes. Cite it. Do not cite it.

The one exception to that rule is for “common knowledge.” You do not need to cite the source of an unoriginal piece of information IF: (1) an educated person should know the information, OR, (2) it is a fact that could be found in an encyclopedia. Did you think of it? No. Yes. Is it common knowledge? No. Yes. Cite it. Do not cite it.

So, you don’t need to cite a fact, but you must cite the source of opinions and ideas that are not your own. And, you must cite anytime you use the exact words of the source—even if the words are presenting common knowledge. You must always cite the source of ANY direct quotation.

So, you don’t need to cite a fact, for example: Rand wrote Anthem. OR Ayn Rand was born in 1905. but you must cite the source of opinions and ideas that are not your own. for example: Dorothy Gale believed that Anthem is an inspiring story (75). OR According to Joe Smith, Equality 7-2521 represents the human spirit (15). And, you must cite anytime you use the exact words of the source—even if the words are presenting common knowledge. You must always cite the source of ANY direct quotation.

So, let’s check to see that you understand when you need to cite the source and when you don’t… Answer the following questions and choose the correct answer.

Test Case #1 Jack isn’t sure if he needs to cite the source of the information below. He found the fact online. “Abraham Lincoln was our 16 th president.” What do you think? What should Jack do? Pick one of the answers below. Cite the source. This means he will: (1)Either:Either: a)Surround with quotation marks, orSurround with quotation marks, or b)Put the quotation into his own words,Put the quotation into his own words, changing the syntax, structure, & organization (2)Include a lead-in giving the source’s name,Include a lead-in giving the source’s name, (3)Give the page number, andGive the page number, and (4)List the source in a bibliographyList the source in a bibliography Do not cite the source. This means that the information is a commonly reported fact. It is generally known and available from many sources. (1)Jack should verify the information in atJack should verify the information in at least two sources, then (2)Jack will write the well-knownJack will write the well-known information in his own words.

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You are incorrect. In this case, citation is not necessary. Jack does not need to cite the source of quote the information because it is general knowledge. Jack does not need to cite the source of quote the information because it is general knowledge. Because Abraham Lincoln’s status as the 16 th President of the US is a fact that is verifiable in many places, Jack can use the information without citation. Because Abraham Lincoln’s status as the 16 th President of the US is a fact that is verifiable in many places, Jack can use the information without citation.

You are correct! Jack does not need to cite this information. Jack does not need to cite the source of quote the information because it is general knowledge. Jack does not need to cite the source of quote the information because it is general knowledge. Because Abraham Lincoln’s status as the 16 th President of the US is a fact that is verifiable in many places, Jack can use the information without citation. Because Abraham Lincoln’s status as the 16 th President of the US is a fact that is verifiable in many places, Jack can use the information without citation.

Test Case #2 In her paper on Affirmative Action, Jill found one source that explained that Affirmative Action “evens the field of play by wreaking equity on all players.” In her paper, Jill uses the phrase “wreaking equity” but she puts all the other parts of the source into her own words. What should Jill do? Pick one of the answers below. Cite the source. This means she will: (1)Either:Either: a)Surround with quotation marks, orSurround with quotation marks, or b)Put the quotation into her own words,Put the quotation into her own words, changing the syntax, structure, & organization (2)Include a lead-in giving the source’s name,Include a lead-in giving the source’s name, (3)Give the page number, andGive the page number, and (4)List the source in a bibliographyList the source in a bibliography Not cite the source. This means that the information is generally known and available from multiple sources. (1)Jill should verify the information in atJill should verify the information in at least two sources, then (2)Jill will write the well-knownJill will write the well-known information in her own words.

You are correct! Jill must cite this information. Jill needs to cite the source of the paraphrase because the idea belongs to the source. Jill needs to cite the source of the paraphrase because the idea belongs to the source. Further, because Jill uses the unique phrase “wreaking equity,” she must include that phrase in quotation marks, indicating that it is a direct quotation from the source. Further, because Jill uses the unique phrase “wreaking equity,” she must include that phrase in quotation marks, indicating that it is a direct quotation from the source.

You are incorrect. In this case, citation is necessary. Jill needs to cite the source of the paraphrase because the idea belongs to the source. Jill needs to cite the source of the paraphrase because the idea belongs to the source. Further, because Jill uses the unique phrase “wreaking equity,” she must include that phrase in quotation marks, indicating that it is a direct quotation from the source. Further, because Jill uses the unique phrase “wreaking equity,” she must include that phrase in quotation marks, indicating that it is a direct quotation from the source.

Test Case #3 Gretel found a very helpful article in an online database. She very carefully made sure that she rewrote the content of the article using her own personal style; she changed the author’s syntax and organization so that it fit seamlessly into her paper. What should Gretel do? Cite the source. This means she will: (1)Either:Either: a)Surround with quotation marks, orSurround with quotation marks, or b)Put the quotation into his own words,Put the quotation into his own words, changing the syntax, structure, & organization (2)Include a lead-in giving the source’s name,Include a lead-in giving the source’s name, (3)Give the page number, andGive the page number, and (4)List the source in a bibliographyList the source in a bibliography Not cite the source. This means that the information is generally known and available from multiple sources. (1)Gretel should verify the information in atGretel should verify the information in at least two sources, then (2)Gretel will write the well-knownGretel will write the well-known information in her own words. (3) Gretel must include a bibliographic citation on her Works Consulted page.

You are correct. In this case, citation is required. Gretel paraphrases the source’s idea and content. She must give credit to the source. Gretel paraphrases the source’s idea and content. She must give credit to the source. She must provide her audience with the source of the idea that she borrowed. She must provide her audience with the source of the idea that she borrowed.

You are incorrect! Gretel must cite the source of this information, even though she put it in her own words. Gretel paraphrases the ideas of the source, so she must cite the identity of the source. Gretel paraphrases the ideas of the source, so she must cite the identity of the source. Gretel must provide her audience with the source of the material that she borrowed. Gretel must provide her audience with the source of the material that she borrowed.

Test Case #4 Jacob found a photograph online that shows the historical period he’s discussing in his paper. He wrote his own caption and placed the image on the title page. What should Jacob do? Cite the source. This means he will: Either: a)Put the artist’s name andPut the artist’s name and source directly beneath the image, or b)List the source in aList the source in a bibliography Not cite the source. This means that the image was something that Jacob created without manipulating other people’s works.

You are correct. In this case, citation is required. Jacob uses somebody else’s creation; therefore, he must give credit to the source. Jacob uses somebody else’s creation; therefore, he must give credit to the source. He must provide his readers with the artist’s name and the source of the image that he borrowed. He must provide his readers with the artist’s name and the source of the image that he borrowed.

You are incorrect! Jacob must cite the source of this image. The image is not the creative property of Jacob. Therefore, he must cite the identity of the creator and the source where he found the image. The image is not the creative property of Jacob. Therefore, he must cite the identity of the creator and the source where he found the image.

So, now you can identify what must have a citation… Now you need to know how to use and cite a source!

How to Cite a Source It’s easy. Just provide your audience with the source of any ideas or words that are not your own. It’s easy. Just provide your audience with the source of any ideas or words that are not your own. First, carefully mark the beginning and end of the source’s words or idea.First, carefully mark the beginning and end of the source’s words or idea. Then, provide a bibliography to show where the borrowed material originated.Then, provide a bibliography to show where the borrowed material originated. In fact, listing your sources shows your audience that you are an informed, well- researched writer! In fact, listing your sources shows your audience that you are an informed, well- researched writer!

How to Cite Direct Quotations Provide a bibliographic entry to show where the borrowed material originated. Provide a bibliographic entry to show where the borrowed material originated. Park, Beth L. Understanding Ayn Rand’s Anthem. Lebo University Press: Pittsburgh, PA, 2008. Park, Beth L. Understanding Ayn Rand’s Anthem. Lebo University Press: Pittsburgh, PA, 2008. Carefully mark the beginning and end of the source’s words or idea. Carefully mark the beginning and end of the source’s words or idea. Use a lead-in to introduce the sourceUse a lead-in to introduce the source Use quotation marks to surround the words of the sourceUse quotation marks to surround the words of the source Provide the page number (or another citation) after the closing quotation marks.Provide the page number (or another citation) after the closing quotation marks. EXAMPLE:EXAMPLE: According to literary critic Beth L. Parks, Equality 7-2521 finds peace through “his search for the height of his own potential” (24).

How to Cite Paraphrases Provide a bibliographic entry to show where the borrowed material originated. Provide a bibliographic entry to show where the borrowed material originated. Park, Beth L. Understanding Ayn Rand’s Anthem. Lebo University Press: Pittsburgh, PA, 2008. Park, Beth L. Understanding Ayn Rand’s Anthem. Lebo University Press: Pittsburgh, PA, 2008. Carefully mark the beginning and end of the source’s material. Carefully mark the beginning and end of the source’s material. Use a lead-in to introduce the sourceUse a lead-in to introduce the source Put the source’s original words into your own words:Put the source’s original words into your own words: It isn’t just about using synonyms to replace words. It isn’t just about using synonyms to replace words. You must change the syntax, sentence structure, & organization of the original. You must change the syntax, sentence structure, & organization of the original. If you find yourself just changing a word here or there, ask yourself if a direct quotation would work. If it would work, then use a direct quotation.)If you find yourself just changing a word here or there, ask yourself if a direct quotation would work. If it would work, then use a direct quotation.) Provide the page number (or another citation) after the closing quotation marks.Provide the page number (or another citation) after the closing quotation marks. EXAMPLE: According to literary critic Beth L. Parks, Equality 7-2521 separates himself from the society by striving to improve the world around him (24).

It can be said in a bunch of different ways… Mark the boundaries

It can be said in a bunch of different ways… Mark the boundaries Bracket the borrowed

It can be said in a bunch of different ways… Mark the boundaries Fence the borders Bracket the borrowed

It can be said in a bunch of different ways… Mark the boundaries Enclose the borrowed Fence the borders Bracket the borrowed

It can be said in a bunch of different ways… Mark the boundaries Frame the usage Enclose the borrowed Fence the borders Bracket the borrowed

It can be said in a bunch of different ways… Mark the boundaries Frame the usage Enclose the borrowed Fence the borders Circumscribe the usage Bracket the borrowed

But, they all mean the same thing… Provide a clear indication of any words or ideas that are not your own. It can be said in a bunch of different ways… Mark the boundaries Frame the usage Enclose the borrowed Fence the borders Circumscribe the usage Bracket the borrowed

Can you identify plagiarism when you see it? Try the following four examples. On each you will see the source material and the student’s usage of that material. Try the following four examples. On each you will see the source material and the student’s usage of that material. Use the buttons at the bottom of the screen to choose if the example shows acceptable use or plagiarism. Use the buttons at the bottom of the screen to choose if the example shows acceptable use or plagiarism.

Acceptable Use or Plagiarism? Example 1 Original source text: Student’s Text: Student’s Bibliography: Voters in Pennsylvania believed that the Republican nominee, Barbara Hafer, opposed abortion rights, but the Democratic governor, Robert Casey, favored a right to abortion. But the reverse was true, even though Democrats are more likely to be “pro-choice”. “In general” doesn’t apply to “this specific.” No references given. In 1990, voters in Pennsylvania were disposed to believe that the Republican nominee, Barbara Hafer, opposed abortion rights, and that the incumbent Democratic governor, Robert Casey, favored a right to abortion: the reverse was true. In general, Democrats are more likely to be “pro-choice” and Republicans “pro-life,” but not in this case. A good rule is “in general” doesn’t necessarily apply to “this specific.” Brooks Jackson and Kathleen Hall Jamieson. Unspun: Finding Facts in a World of Disinformation. (73) Acceptable UsePlagiarism CHOOSE ONE:

You said that the example showed Acceptable Use You are incorrect. Use the arrow at the bottom of this screen to return to the example. Use the arrow at the bottom of this screen to return to the example. Reread the example and see if you can determine why it is plagiarism. Reread the example and see if you can determine why it is plagiarism.

You said that the example showed Plagiarism You are correct! The paraphrase was inadequate and the student did not give credit to the source of the idea by having a citation. The paraphrase was inadequate and the student did not give credit to the source of the idea by having a citation. To adequately paraphrase, the student must change the words and the sentence structure. To adequately paraphrase, the student must change the words and the sentence structure.

Acceptable Use or Plagiarism? Example 2 Original source: Student’s Text: Student’s Bibliography: Psychologists investigated how fans interpreted a violent game between Princeton and Dartmouth and found that, although a Dartmouth player was the seriously injured only after a Princeton player was, the majority of Dartmouth fans believed Princeton started the roughness. Brooks Jackson and Kathleen Hall Jamieson. Unspun: Finding Facts in a World of Disinformation. New York: Random House Trade Paperbacks, 2007. In 1954, Albert Hastorf and Hadley Cantril published a classic study about how a Princeton and Dartmouth football fans saw a penalty-ridden game in which the Princeton quarterback was taken off the field with a broken nose and a mild concussion and a Dartmouth player later suffered a broken leg. They found that 86 percent of the Princeton students said that Dartmouth started the rough play, but only 36 percent of the Dartmouth students saw it that way. Brooks Jackson and Kathleen Hall Jamieson. Unspun: Finding Facts in a World of Disinformation. New York: Random House Trade Paperbacks, 2007. (74) Acceptable UsePlagiarism CHOOSE ONE:

You said that the example showed Acceptable Use You are incorrect! Use the arrow at the bottom of this screen to return to the example. Use the arrow at the bottom of this screen to return to the example. Reread the example and see if you can determine why it is plagiarism. Reread the example and see if you can determine why it is plagiarism.

You said that the example showed Plagiarism You are correct! This example is plagiarism because the student neglected to include a parenthetical reference in the text of the paper. This example is plagiarism because the student neglected to include a parenthetical reference in the text of the paper. She correctly marks the opening boundary of the paraphrase with her phrase “Psychologists investigated…”She correctly marks the opening boundary of the paraphrase with her phrase “Psychologists investigated…” However, she does not provide the closing boundary by giving a parenthetical reference to the source material: “…started the roughness” (Brooks, 74).However, she does not provide the closing boundary by giving a parenthetical reference to the source material: “…started the roughness” (Brooks, 74).

Acceptable Use or Plagiarism? Example 3 Original text from the source: Student’s Text: Student’s Bibliography: A psychology professor in California researched the theory that if people were provided a reason to do something, they would be more likely to do it. At a bake sale, he tried to sell cookies by asking “Would you like to buy a cookie?” and later asked “Would you like to buy a cookie? It’s for a good cause.” When he provided a reason for the sale, people were six times more like to buy a cookie – even though they didn’t know what cause was benefitting (80). Brooks Jackson and Kathleen Hall Jamieson. Unspun: Finding Facts in a World of Disinformation. New York: Random House Trade Paperbacks, 2007. Robert Levine, a psychology professor at California State University, Fresno, tried different pitches during a campus bake sale. Asking “Would you like to buy a cookie?” resulted in purchases by only two out of thirty passersby. But his researchers sold six times as many cookies when they asked, “Would you like to buy a cookie? It’s for a good cause.” And none even bothered to ask what the good cause was. Brooks Jackson and Kathleen Hall Jamieson. Unspun: Finding Facts in a World of Disinformation. New York: Random House Trade Paperbacks, 2007. (80) Acceptable Use Plagiarism CHOOSE ONE:

You said that the example showed Acceptable Use You are correct! The student adequately paraphrases by changing the words and the syntax. He provides the source in his bibliography. The student adequately paraphrases by changing the words and the syntax. He provides the source in his bibliography.

You said that the example showed Plagiarism You are incorrect! Use the arrow at the bottom of this screen to return to the example. Use the arrow at the bottom of this screen to return to the example. Reread the example and see if you can determine why it is fair use. Reread the example and see if you can determine why it is fair use.

So, to review… Plagiarism is a serious offense. Not only does it carry heavy penalties, but your integrity is damaged when you plagiarize. Plagiarism is a serious offense. Not only does it carry heavy penalties, but your integrity is damaged when you plagiarize. Plagiarism is easily avoidable—just cite the sources when you use the words or ideas of another person. Plagiarism is easily avoidable—just cite the sources when you use the words or ideas of another person. If you have any questions, see your teacher or school librarian! If you have any questions, see your teacher or school librarian!

Final Directions: Your teacher has a written quiz for you to take on the subject of plagiarism. Your teacher has a written quiz for you to take on the subject of plagiarism. Your teacher also has a honor code sheet. You will sign it in order to verify that you have receive this training. Your teacher also has a honor code sheet. You will sign it in order to verify that you have receive this training. You will then have your parent sign the honor code. You will then have your parent sign the honor code. Your English teacher will collect these signed forms. Your English teacher will collect these signed forms.

Sources Consulted DeSena, Laura Hennessey. Preventing Plagiarism: Tips and Techniques. National Council of Teachers of English: Urbana, IL, 2007. Harris, Robert A. The Plagiarism Handbook: Strategies for Preventing, Detecting, and Dealing with Plagiarism. Pyrczak Publishing: Los Angeles, 2001. Valenza, Joyce Kasman. “What is Plagiarism? (And Why You Should Care).” Springfield High School Media Center Information Literacy Lessons. Springfield School District.

Using Sources in your Work: A Tutorial on Avoiding Plagiarism GRADE 11 & 12 NOTE: To move through this tutorial, use the mouse to click on the arrow at.

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Using Sources in your Work: A Tutorial on Avoiding Plagiarism GRADE 11 & 12 NOTE: To move through this tutorial, use the mouse to click on the arrow at.

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Presentation on theme: "Using Sources in your Work: A Tutorial on Avoiding Plagiarism GRADE 11 & 12 NOTE: To move through this tutorial, use the mouse to click on the arrow at."— Presentation transcript:

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