1. AWAKE electron source New Electron Source WP at CERN
Base Line Scenario
Simulations
Diagnostics
Questions and Issues
Conclusions
AWAKE workshop, CERN, April 9th-11th, 2014

2. Layout of AWAKE Experiment
CI SAC meeting 2013
Layout of AWAKE Experiment

3. Layout of Electron source
CI SAC meeting 2013
Layout of Electron source
To be developed in the future

4. Base line scenario
Base line
Use PHIN gun and equipment (convert to copper cathode ?)
Klystron and Modulator from CTF3
Get booster from Cockcroft/Lancaster collaboration (specs from CERN) ?
Additional equipment needed (solenoids, vacuum, wave guides, girders)
Diagnostics, PHIN, CERN, INFN (to be defined)
Beam dynamics simulations, CERN ,Cockcroft ?
Integrated test in CTF2 in 2016, external help welcome
Installation and commissioning into CNGS area in 2017, external help welcome
Alternative, upgrade
Look for alternative gun, Califes, Cockcroft/Lancaster, INFN ?
(goal will be ultimate beam performance, tiny emittance, ultra short bunches)
Evaluate performance, impact and cost

5. Work package responsibilities
Tasks
Responsible
RF power
CERN, Gerry McMonagle
GUN
CERN, Steffen, Eric Chevallay
Booster
STFC, Graham Burt ?
Laser
CERN, Valentin Fedosseev
Instrumentation
CERN, Lars Jensen
Mechanical design
CERN, Nicolas Chritin
Magnets
CERN, Jeremie Bauche
Vacuum
CERN, Jan Hansen
Controls
CERN, Marine Gourber-Pace
Integration
CERN, Fred, Ans Pardons
Commissioning
CERN, Steffen, Chiara
Simulations
CERN,STFC, Steffen, Oznur Mete ?
Interlocks, Safety
CERN, Rui Nunes
Be aware this list is certainly incomplete and preliminary

6. AWAKE – INJECTOR MODULE
Quadrupole Magnet
Horizontal and Vertical Corrector Magnet
YAG
Slit
YAG
Booster Linac 1m long
RF Gun
Beam
Direction
Synthetic Granite Girder
Ion Pump ?
Support Pedestal
Ion Pump
Proposal by STFC Daresbury

7. AWAKE electron source schematic
Klystron
Incident, Reflected Power and phase
A,f
Spectrometer
Laser +Diagnostics
Incident, Reflected, transmitted Power
E, DE
MTV
Matching triplet
FCT
Emittance MS FC
BPR
BPR
BPR
RF GUN
VPI
MTV,
Emittance
Corrector
Accelerator
Length ~ 4 m

8. Awake electron beam requirements
Parameter
Phase 1
Phase 2
Beam Energy
13-16 MeV
20 MeV
Energy spread (rms)
0.1 %
Bunch Length
~ 4 ps
< 1 ps
Laser/Rf synchronization
1 ps
0.1 ps
Free Repetition Rate
10 Hz
Synchronized repetition rate
0.03 Hz
Beam Focus Size
< 250 mm
Divergence
< 3 mrad
Normalized Emittance
2-5 mm mmrad
0.5 mm mrad
Bunch Charge
0.2 nC
1 nC

9. Phin gun, 20 MV/m structure, 0.1 nC, 1 mm 3 ps laser
Awake simulations
Phin gun, 20 MV/m structure, 0.1 nC, 1 mm 3 ps laser

10. Phin gun, 20 MV/m structure, 0.2 nC, 1 mm laser
Awake simulations
Phin gun, 20 MV/m structure, 0.2 nC, 1 mm laser

11. Phin gun, 20 MV/m structure, 0.2 nC, 1 mm laser,
Awake simulations
Phin gun, 20 MV/m structure, 0.2 nC, 1 mm laser,
1 ps laser

12. Phin gun, 20 MV/m structure, 0.1 nC, 0.5 mm laser
Awake simulations
Phin gun, 20 MV/m structure, 0.1 nC, 0.5 mm laser

13. Awake simulations Phin gun, 20 MV/m structure, 0.1 nC, 0.25 mm laser
Many variants are possible
Clear laser and beam parameter specification are needed for the simulations
Should define reference scenarios for the simulations

14. Booster structure Some rough numbers
1 m long constant gradient structure
f= MHz
Q ~ 15000
r/Q ~ 70 MW
DV= 15 MV
Tf= 280 ns, 2a ~ 2 cm
Po = 11 MW
PHIN gun needs about 10 MW for 85 MV/m
Roughly 30 MW needed to power the injector (one klystron)

15. Define rough commissioning scenario, what do we measure where and how
Beam instrumentation
Instrument
How many
Resolution
Precision
BPMs 3
50 mm ? ?
Phase monitor 1
ps ?
Screen
20 mm ?
Multi slit
< mm mrad ?
FCT
pC ?
Faraday Cup
Spectrometer
10 keV ?
Streak Camera
< ps ?
Laser diagnostics: laser power, position, virtual cathode, micro pulse length
RF diagnostics: rf power signals, rf phase
Define rough commissioning scenario, what do we measure where and how

16. Klystron Issues
Transport: Study of transport and possibility to exchange klystron in situ has to be done, likely a local lifting device is needed
Synchronisation: 3 GHz synchronized signal is needed as well as a number of timing triggers
Safety: The modulator contains Oil together with high voltage, the waveguide may contain SF6 A risk assessment has to be done to determine fire protection measures !!
Remote control: We usually have access to those klystron while running beam, likely need to improve the remote control capabilities

17. Questions A few question to trigger discussions:
Timing: How is it organised, beam, controls, data acquisition
Controls: Guidelines for the control system, hardware, FESA, data base
Experiment data taking: which information we need synchronized, sampling rate (BPM’s protons, electrons, Laser, spectrometer )?
Location of electronics for power supplies, diagnostics and data acquisition

18. Rough time line
2014
2015
2016
2017
Beam line design
Booster design
Infrastructure definition
Rough Integration
Detailed Component design and fabrication
Detailed integration
Infrastructure installation
(Water, Power, Ethernet, klystron handling)
Installation and commissioning
In CTF2
(may be not all hardware)
Infrastructure installation, electron source shielding, access system, racks
Installation of source and commissioning
in AWAKE
Infrastructure and issues before installation:
Water, power, Ethernet, klystron handling equipment, racks for electronics, electron source shielding, access system, laser beam line, alignment concept, commissioning concept, controls

19. Conclusions New CERN work package for the electron source in place
Many open questions we have to address in the future
Beam requirements for first phase likely possible with PHIN gun and booster
Some useful equipment should be available from CTF3
Need detailed beam and laser specifications
Requirements for second phase challenging to fulfil simultaneously
A lot of work ahead, help is very welcome

20. End

21. Awake electron beam work package reflections
Questions:
Access scenario, where can we go during experiment
Location of power supplies, electronics, data acquisition, vacuum equipment
Location of klystron/modulator elements
Transport of klystron/modulator items, crane for mounting klystron ?
Safety requirements, restrictions
Electron source housing, how does it look like
Beam diagnostics, what has been done for the beam line yet, BPMs, correctors
Control system, beam, vacuum
Water, electricity availability
Clarify collaborations, with UK, Frascati ?
Define time constraints, milestones

22. Single plasma cell @side injection

23. 2 plasma cells/on-axis injection

24. Phin gun, 20 MV/m structure, 0.01 nC, 0.5 mm laser
Awake simulations
Phin gun, 20 MV/m structure, 0.01 nC, 0.5 mm laser