1. The Lone Star Republic & The Mexican War I. Why should America expand? I. President James Polk I. President James Polk a. Hungry for land a. Hungry for land b. Create new markets b. Create new markets c. Manifest Destiny c. Manifest Destiny d. Depression of 1837 d. Depression of 1837 e. Spread Democracy e. Spread Democracy www.sonofthesouth.net/.../president-polk.htm

2. II. Expansion to Texas 1. Stephen Austin a. American Rancher b. Brought Americans into Mexican Texas 2. Santa Anna a. Mexican Dictator b. Offended by American intrusion c. Launched surprise attack -Alamo -187 Americans died d. Americans fight back -“Remember the Alamo” -Sam Houston captured Santa Anna -Anna forced to recognize independent Nation of Texas -“Lone Star Republic” 1836 www.cah.utexas.edu/.../english/exhibit1.html www.answers.com/topic/antonio-l-pez-de-santa-anna www.thealamofilm.com/alamo.shtml

3. II. Expansion to Texas continued… 3. The Lone Star Republic a. Independent country 1836-1844 a. Independent country 1836-1844 b. President Tyler recognized Independent Texas b. President Tyler recognized Independent Texas -Mexico offended -Mexico offended -Cause of Mexican American War -Cause of Mexican American War

4. III. War with Mexico 1. Border dispute a. America “Rio Grande River” a. America “Rio Grande River” b. Mexico “Nueces River” b. Mexico “Nueces River” 2. Polk’s Solution a. Send U.S. Troops south a. Send U.S. Troops south of Nueces River of Nueces River b. Mexican Troops open fire b. Mexican Troops open fire c. American Army won c. American Army won The U.S.-Mexican War | PBS

5. III. War with Mexico continued… 3. Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo 1848 a. Mexico recognized Rio Grande a. Mexico recognized Rio Grande as U.S. Mexican border as U.S. Mexican border b. U.S. paid Mexico $15 million b. U.S. paid Mexico $15 million c. Mexican Cession c. Mexican Cession -Mexico ceded land to U.S. -Mexico ceded land to U.S. -New Mexico -New Mexico -Nevada -Nevada -Arizona -Arizona -California -California 4. Gadsden Purchase - 1853 a. Gold discovered in California a. Gold discovered in California b. U.S. wanted flat region for b. U.S. wanted flat region for easy migration easy migration c. Gadsden Purchase $10 million c. Gadsden Purchase $10 million