1. NASA Earth Science Applications Robert A. Venezia, Dr.P.H. Program Manager February 11, 2004 Robert A. Venezia, Dr.P.H. Program Manager February 11, 2004

2. Discussion NASA Earth Systems Science –Science Drivers –Enabling Technology –Decision Support Applications Public Health Applications Collaboration with AFPMB –Vector-borne disease –Malaria

3. NASA Enterprises EARTH SCIENCE ENTERPRISE BIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL RESEARCH NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION SPACE SCIENCE ENTERPRISE AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY HUMAN EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF SPACE

4. Earth System Science Variability: How is the global Earth system changing? Forcing: What are the primary causes of change in the Earth system? Response: How does the Earth system respond to natural and human-induced changes? Consequences: What are the consequences of changes in the Earth system for human civilization? Prediction: How well can we predict future changes to the Earth system?

5. Technology Communication Orbital, Air, and Ground Missions Remote Sensing Data Data Delivery Systems Computation Data Processing & Predictive Modeling

6. ERBS $1.5 Billion Investment Terra Aqua Grace IceSat QuikScat Sage ADEOS II (SeaWinds) TRMM Toms-EP UARS Jason-1 Landsat 7 SORCE SeaWiFS ACRIMSAT TOPEX/Poseidon NMP/EO-1

7. Decision Support Applications

8. Systems Engineering Approach

9. Ecological Forecasting Agricultural Efficiency Air Quality Invasive Species Aviation Energy Management Carbon Management Water Management Homeland Security Disaster Management Coastal Management Applications of National Priority Public Health

10. Example: Rift Valley Fever Predicting regional outbreaks of RVF using satellite data on rainfall, ENSO and vegetation

11. Example: Lyme Disease Identifying vector-friendly environmental conditions using satellite data on rainfall, vegetation, proximity to settlements

12. Habitat identification Identifying key factors that sustain or intensify transmission Risk prediction Primary schizogony Asexual erythrocytic cycle Hypnozoites  relapses Gametocytes HUMAN VECTOR PARASITE Fertilization Oocysts Sporozoites  blood meal  oviposition  eggs  larvae  pupae  adults  destroyed  pre-patent  incubation  delay  treatment  infectious  relapse  immunity Textural-contextual classifications significantly increase landcover mapping accuracy using high resolution data such as Ikonos. Discrete Wavelet Transform is used to differentiate confusion vegetation types. Local environment Landcover Satellite & meteor. data Population database Dwelling Vector control Microepidemiology data Medical care Vector ecology Host behaviors Evaluated Thail military airborne data and established neural network rectification capability. Richard.Kiang@nasa.gov Nonparametric model computes the likelihood of disease outbreak using meteorological and epidemiological time series as input. Wavelet Transform and Hilbert-Huang Transform Empirical Mode Decomposition identify the driving variables that lead to disease outbreaks and provide more accurate predictions. Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Spatio-temporal distribution of disease cases Example: Malaria

13. Partners.gov/ph.gov/rs.org.edu.int.mil

14. Decision Support

15. We have resources, we need a beneficiary. WHO?Decision makers medical logistics WHAT?Decisions force deployment and placement anti-malarial resources HOW?Decision support tools software / algorhythm protocol advisory / committee WHY?Performance Measures dosages percent readiness SO WHAT?Benefits costs morbidity mortality national security

16. Contact Information Robert A. Venezia, Dr.P.H. Program Manger for Public Health Applications National Aeronautics and Space Administration Headquarters, Office of Earth Science 300 E. Street, S.W., Code YO Washington, D.C. 20546 TEL (202) 358-1324 FAX (202) 358-3098 Timi S. Vann, M.A. Deputy Program Manger for Public Health Applications National Aeronautics and Space Administration Earth Science Applications Directorate Building 1100 Code MA30 John C. Stennis Space Center, MS 39529 TEL (228) 688-1487 FAX (228) 688-7455 NASA Headquarters NASA Stennis Space Center