1. Introduction to Matter

2. Think…Think…Think What is “stuff” made of? What are the smallest bits of things? If more than one kind of part makes up a thing, what are those parts?

3. Ancient cultures (Alchemists) Four Elements -water -earth -air -fire

4. Ancient cultures - wet when you cut it so it must have water - grows from the ground so it has earth -makes smoke when it is burned so it must have air -can burn so it must contain fire

5. Think like an ancient person. Potato

6. Think like an ancient person. Silver

7. Think like an ancient person. Feather

8. Limitations to the four elements. Developed better systems to help classify matter.

9. Matter: anything that has mass and takes up space –Mass – the amount of matter in something –Volume – the amount of space something occupies Which of the following is matter? –A car? –A box? –You? –heat? Reviewing MATTER

10. States of Matter Matter can be in a solid, liquid, gas, plasma or Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) state. www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_states.ht mlwww.chem4kids.com/files/matter_states.ht ml www.youtube.com/watch?v=gfP4lwdehuA

11. Let’s Do an Activity!! Stand Up!! Link arms and make a rigid edge. What state of matter are we exhibiting? Now, hold hands with the person beside you but move a little bit around the area. What state of matter are we exhibiting now?

12. Activity continued Finally, walk freely around the room. What state of matter are we exhibiting? Quietly make your way back to your seats!!

13. Examples of Matter Car Box You Water What is not matter? -Heat -Energy -Light

14. What is a property? Property: a characteristic of a substance that can be observed

15. Physical versus Chemical Properties Unit II - Part 1 The study of matter

16. Physical Property Physical property: a property that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance. Examples of physical properties: luster malleability: the ability to be hammered into a thin sheet ductility: the ability to be stretched into a wire melting point boiling point density solubility specific heat

17. Special Physical Properties Melting point: the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid at a given pressure water = 0 o C Boiling point: the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas at a given pressure water = 100 o C

18. Special Physical Properties Density: the amount of mass per unit of volume (will be discussed in further detail later) Solubility: amount of a substance that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent Specific heat: amount of heat required to change a unit mass of a substance by one degree in temperature.

19. Chemical Properties Chemical property: a property that can only be observed by changing the identity of the substance Examples of chemical properties: flammability ability to rust reactivity with vinegar

22. Density Density is the amount of mass per unit of volume. Density can be used to identify a substance. The density of water is 1.0g/mL

23. Density Calculations Formula: D = m/V = g/mL = g/cm 3

24. Density Examples #1: A cube has a mass of 3.0 g and occupies a volume of 6.0 ml. Would this object float or sink in water? Mass = 3.0 gVolume = 6.0 mL D = 3g/6 mL= 0.5 g/mL –This object would float in water because its density is less than water (1.0 g/mL).

25. More Density Calculations #2: A liquid has a mass of 25.0 g and a volume of 10.0 mL. Use the table below to identify the substance. M=25.0 gV=10.0 mL D = 25 g/10 mL D= 2.5 g/mL The substance is potassium. Potassium2.5 g/ml