1. Storage

2. Memory RAM Virtual Memory Cache Memory ROM Motherboard

3. Memory: CPU’s Electronic Scratchpad Inside the System Unit A Module Memory Capacities äkilobyte (K or KB), ä megabyte (M or MB), ä gigabyte (G or GB) Random-Access Memory (RAM) ästore programs & data being used äeach memory location has an address ävolatile ämore is better

4. Random Access Memory Inside the System Unit A Module In RAM, each memory location has an address, just like a post office box. data

5. SIMMs you can increase your personal computer’s RAM by buying extra memory chips to install in your memory board or by purchasing a Single IN-Line Memory Module, SIMMs, a board that contains memory chips A SIMM board plugs into the computer’s main circuit board (cheaper and more efficient than single chips)

6. Virtual Memory enables a computer to execute programs that require more memory than is in RAM by dividing it into smaller pieces and use part of the hard disk as an extension

7. Cache Memory a specialize chip used with the computer’s memory faster more expensive than RAM chips stores most frequently used data and instructions newer PCs have cache (L1 and L2) within the microprocessor chip Usually L1 is smaller (128K) than L2 (can go up to 512K)

8. Memory Inside the System Unit A Module Read-Only Memory (ROM) änon-volatile äROM BIOS, flash BIOS CMOS äused to store startup configuration options äeach memory location has an address ävolatile

9. Motherboard large circuit board which contains the microprocessor can hold expansion cards ports - parallel (printers) and serial (modems)

10. Plug and Play Inside the System Unit A Module Microsoft and Intel created the Plug and Play (PnP) standard. This standard requires special chips on the motherboard, compatible hardware that is expressly compatible with the Plug and Play standard, and a system BIOS that supports Plug and Play.

11. Speed and Power speed is always associated with computers power is a derivative of speed plus other factors what make a computer go faster, there are several factors memory size, microprocessor speed, bus line size, cache

12. Storage Concepts: The Basics Disks and Disk Drives: Putting a Spin on it Magnetic Tape: Still Useful Optical Storage Media: Seeing the Light Data Storage B Module

13. Storage Concepts: The Basics Data Storage B Module Memory versus Storage

14. Disks & Disk Drives: Putting a Spin on it Data Storage B Module Before a disk can be used for storage, it must be formatted sectors cluster tracks

15. Floppy Disks Data Storage B Module A 3 1/2 inch disk plastic casing read/write opening sliding metal shutter write protection tab liner disk spindle hole sector hole

16. How Hard Disks Work Storage Capacities Physical Performance Disk Caches Hard Disk Interfaces Hard Disk Maintenance Backup Procedures Removable Hard Disks Hard Disks B Module Data Storage

17. Magnetic Disks both electrical and mechanical FAT (File Allocation Table) speed storage capacity

18. Disk Drives interface to connect to motherboard IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics) SCSI (Small Computer System Interface)

19. Hard Disk Interfaces Data Storage B Module

20. Removable Hard Disk Data Storage B Module Many new computers come equipped with a Zip drive, a removable hard disk that uses 100MB cartridges. The cartridges cost about $10 each.

21. Magnetic Tape: Still Useful Data Storage B Module Quarter-inch cartridge (QIC) tape drives work with cartridges that can hold more than 10MB of data

22. Optical Storage Media: Seeing the Light Data Storage B Module CD-ROM disks are prerecorded and cannot be altered. CD-ROM provides an excellent way to distribute large amounts of data at little cost. CD-ROM CD-R CD-RW

23. Optical Storage Media: Seeing the Light Data Storage B Module DVD-ROM drives are expected to replace CD- ROM drives as the standard personal computer equipment in the near future DVD DVD-ROM DVD-RAM

24. Questions