1. ICT?
Information technology (IT) is the term used to describe the items of equipment (hardware) and computer programs (software) that allow us to access, retrieve, store, organise, manipulate, and present information by electronic means
Communication technology (CT) is the term used to describe telecommunications equipment through which information can be sought and accessed, for example, phones, faxes, modems, and computers’

2. Information and communication technologies (ICT) in Higher Education:
Telephone, video, audiocassette, television, radio
Videoconferencing, audioconferencing, audiographics
Computer based learning programmes, CD-Rom
Internet-based communication tools (chat, , computer conferencing, groupware)
WWW-based resources, interactive materials
(WWW-based) learning platforms (WebCT, First Class, FLE, Luvit, Studium, etc.)
Virtual training organisation (eg. Virtual Open University; include course- and student management services and tools)

3. instruction/ Computer assisted learning
eLearning
1995
WWW
Hypertext
Netmeeting
1990
Audiographics
Multimedia
1980
Video conferencing
Computer mediated
communication
Computer aided
instruction/ Computer
assisted learning
1970
Telephone
1800
Study letters

4. examples how ICT is used in University adult education in Finland:
Open university
long history of distance and ‘multiform studies’ (audio + videocasettes, study letters, telephone, videoconferencing…)
Virtual Open University:
University of third age
learning about ICT and with ICT (for example, “memory net”)
Continuing education
Labour market training for unemployed university graduates and professionals

5. How web can be used in HE? integrated to face-to-face learning Text
Overheads in web
additional material
links to Internet-res.
chat
discussion forums
Text
pictures
sound
Human commu-
cation & inter-
action
Web-based course
Self-study materials
Interactive tests
hypertext & multimedia
conferencing systems
discussion forums
chat,
Web-based only

6. Levels of www-solutions:
LEVEL 4: (also) whole learning environment & course management tools
LEVEL 3: (also) structured hypertext documents
LEVEL 2: (also) interaction and communication channels
LEVEL 1: Distribution channel for linear documents
LEARNING OUTCOMES
MONEY & RESOURCES

7. MOTIVES WHY ICT IS APPLIED...
’ODD MOTIVES’:
all others are doing it…
we have the technology…
it’s sexy…!
to save money and resources…
putting national policy into practice…
funding available...
’NOT SO ODD MOTIVES’:
the quality of learning and teaching will be higher...
enables new pedagogical approaches...
more opportunities for interaction…
access & outreach...
ICT is already a part of reality...

8. CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT LEARNING & WEB-BASED LEARNING ENVIRONMENT
CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT LEARNING & WEB-BASED LEARNING ENVIRONMENT
active role, self management
access and flexibility (time + place)
opportunity to share to others
tailor-made paths; information resources
discussion forums, web-communities
discussion forums, interaction & dialogue
delayed text-based communication
sharing and reflecting experiences
making habits of thinking and action explicit (enables sharing and evaluation)
opportunity to study at workplace
learning in real environments
equal roles, distributed expertise
Self-direction (need for…)
Life situation
Experiences
Problem based learning
Community (importance of...)
Communicative learning
Reflection
Emansipatory learning
Expansive learning
Work as learning environment
Contextual learning environment
Expertise (development of..)