Offered by: Atras Technical Institute Presentation Published: December 2014 Lesson 4 www.atrasusa.com ANSI/TIA-758-A-2004 Customer-owned Outside Plant.

Offered by: Atras Technical Institute Presentation Published: December 2014 Lesson 4 www.atrasusa.com ANSI/TIA-758-A-2004 Customer-owned Outside Plant Telecommunications Infrastructure Standard APPROVED: AUGUST 2004

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Cabling Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair cabling Twisted-pair cabling: – consists of thermoplastic-insulated solid copper conductor multi-pair customer-owned OSP twisted-pair cables used in campus environments – cables shall consist of: 19-AWG (0.9-mm) 22-AWG (0.64-mm) 24-AWG (0.5-mm) 26-AWG (0.4-mm) – the specifications of customer-owned OSP telecommunications cables shall meet the requirements of the AHJ and applicable codes Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair cabling Cable performance: – filled OSP cables shall meet requirements of ANSI/ICEA S-84- 608 – air-core OSP cables shall meet the requirements of ANSI/ICEA S-85-625 – enhanced-performance filled OSP cables (Broadband Outside Plant (BBOSP)) shall meet the requirements of ANSI/ICEA S-99-689 – enhanced-performance air-core OSP cables shall meet the requirements of ANSI/ICEA S-98-688 – OSP cables are intended for the distribution of signals to carry voice and data – enhanced-performance BBOSP cables are intended for the distribution of signals to carry voice, high-speed data, and video Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair cabling Cable construction types: – OSP and BBOSP cabling is installed in: aerial duct (underground) direct-buried applications R:recommended S:suitableN:not recommended 1 Both filled and air-core OSP can be installed in the aerial plant providing the filled cable contains an 80°C (176°F)-rated filling compound. 2 When pressurized. 3 A filled cable with cellular insulation is lighter and has a smaller diameter than a similar filled cable containing solid insulation. Chapter 5 Cable typeAerialUndergroundDirect-buried FilledR1R1 R3R3 R Air-coreSS2S2 N

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair cabling Aerial – self-support and lashed: – shall incorporate an integral steel support messenger into the cable design – shall be lashed to a support messenger if without a support messenger integrated into its design Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair cabling Buried service wire: – intended for use when extending from distribution cable terminal to the EF of a structure with limited cable needs – shall meet the requirements of ANSI/ICEA S-86-634 – the maximum length shall not exceed 213 m (700 ft) Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair cabling Aerial service wire: – intended for use when extending from the distribution cable terminal to the EF of a structure with limited cable needs – shall meet the requirements of ANSI/ICEA S-89-648 – the maximum length shall not exceed 213 m (700 ft) – the maximum span length shall not exceed 60 m (200 ft) Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair cabling Internally screened cable: – is intended for use with pulse code modulation (PCM) transmission – one or more screens separate cable pairs within the core into compartments for improved crosstalk performance – shall meet the requirements of ANSI/ICEA S-84-608 for filled cable, and ANSI/ICEA S-85-625 for air core cable Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware ANSI/TIA-758-A defines the following requirements for OSP connecting hardware: – mechanical – environmental – transmission performance Connecting hardware includes: – terminal blocks: for transition from distribution cable to service wire – cross-connect blocks: for cross-connection between feeder and distribution cables Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Environmental compatibility: – OSP connecting hardware shall be fully functional for continuous use within the temperature range of -40 °C to 70 °C (-40 °F to 158 °F) – means for connecting and removing wires shall be functional from -18 °C to 50 °C (0 °F to 122 °F) – terminals shall be resistant to: corrosion from moisture and atmosphere UV degradation insecticides herbicides Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Materials: – metal components shall: Be resistant to or protected against: – general corrosion – forms of localized corrosion: » stress corrosion cracking » stress corrosion pitting Shall not produce significant galvanic corrosion effects, in wet or humid conditions, or on other metals likely to be present in pedestal terminal closures or aerial cable terminals Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Materials: – plastic parts: shall be resistant to: – fungi – heat – solvents – stress cracking agents be compatible with: – metals – cable conductor insulation – cable filling compounds shall be non-corrosive to metals shall resist deterioration when exposed to chemical pollutants and sunlight Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Transmission: – shall comply with connecting hardware requirements of ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2 current revision – ANSI/TIA-568-C.2 Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Terminal blocks: – provide a means to connect service wire to distribution cable – are provided with a means for connecting each terminal pair to the distribution cable – are provided with a means for connecting the service wire to the terminal block – are recommended to be of the insulation displacement contact (IDC) type – may have a stub cable to provide conductors between the terminal block and connection point to the cable – typically available increments of 5- or 6-pr, from 5- to 50-pr – used in variety of environments, including flooding areas, and may be sealed to function when immersed in water – are typically housed in an enclosure that is intended to protect the terminal block from moisture and sun exposure Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Terminal blocks – wire compatibility: – shall be compatible with the service wire available in: 26-AWG copper 24-AWG copper 22-AWG copper 19-AWG copper 18-1/2-AWG copper-clad steel – the manufacturer shall designate the recommended wire gauges for each block – a terminal block shall meet electrical requirements for the smallest designated gauge after connecting and disconnecting the largest designated gauge Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Terminal blocks – wire pair identification: – a means for identifying individual terminal pairs shall be provided – the polarity of tip and ring of each pair shall be identified Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Terminal blocks – test points: – all terminal blocks shall allow access to test points for each pair without disconnecting the service wire from the terminal or puncturing the wire insulation – high-impedance probes may be needed to use the test access points for high-frequency applications Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Terminal blocks – mounting: – the terminal blocks shall be designed to allow secure fastening to a steel or plastic backboard – required fasteners shall be part of a terminal block kitting Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Terminal blocks – stub cable: – when a stub cable is used to connect the terminal block to the distribution or feeder cable, the stub cable shall use standard color-coding to indicate individual pairs and tip and ring Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Cross-connect blocks: – are used to connect feeder pair to distribution pair – are typically located inside cross-connect cabinets, where a feeder cable(s) enter and distribution cables exit – each pair of the feeder cable is connected to a pair of contacts on a feeder cross-connect block – each pair of the distribution cable is connected to a pair of contacts on a distribution cross-connect block – feeder pairs are connected to distribution pairs with jumper wires between the feeder block and distribution block – recommended that cross-connect blocks be of the IDC type – cross-connect blocks are typically available in multiples of 10- or 25-pair Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Cross-connect blocks: – cross-connect blocks in the outside environment may be subjected to: temperature extremes humidity extremes industrial atmospheres coastal atmospheres applied chemicals such as: – insecticides – herbicides – cleaners – various solvents Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Cross-connect blocks – wire compatibility: – shall be compatible with: feeder cable distribution cable jumper wire – feeder and distribution cable is available in: 26-AWG copper 24-AWG copper 22-AWG copper 19-AWG copper Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Cross-connect blocks – wire compatibility: – jumper wire may be: 26-AWG copper 24-AWG copper 22-AWG copper – the manufacturer shall designate the recommended cable and wire gauges for each block – a jumper connection to a cross-connect block shall meet electrical requirements for the smallest designated gauge after connecting and disconnecting the largest designated gauge Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Cross-connect blocks – wire pair identification: – terminals shall locate tip on the left and ring on the right for horizontal spacing, or tip above the ring terminal for vertical spacing – a means for identifying individual terminal pairs shall be provided, either on the block or an adjacent surface – removable red markers shall be available for attachment to a pair termination to designate special circuits and shall withstand all environmental exposure required for the block without becoming unserviceable Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Cross-connect blocks – wire termination: – the cross-connect block shall be designed to eliminate the possibility of electrical shorts between any two terminals during jumper wire placement Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Cross-connect blocks – test points: – all terminals shall allow access to test points for each pair without disconnecting the jumper wire from the terminal or puncturing the wire insulation Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Cross-connect blocks – terminal density: – terminals shall be arranged in a compact connecting hardware field consistent with the need to perform jumper operations Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Cross-connect blocks – wiring harness: – when a wiring harness is used to connect the cross- connect block to the distribution cable, the cable shall use standard color-coding to indicate individual pairs and to indicate tip and ring polarity Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Building entrance terminals: – building entrance terminals located at the cabling entrance to building facilities where the transition between inside and outside environments occur – outside terminals are used when the entrance connection is located in a closure on an outside wall of a building – inside terminals are used when the outside cable connects to the inside distribution cabling system – building entrance terminals are available in sizes: 2-pair 4-pair 6-pair multiples of 10- and 25-pair – it is desirable that terminal blocks used for building entrance terminals be of the IDC type Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Non-protected terminals: – specifications for non-protected terminal connections inside the building are given in ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B.2 current revision ANSI/TIA-568-C.2 Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Protected terminals: – protected terminals shall meet: the primary protection requirements of UL 497 the mechanical and reliability requirements of ANSI/TIA-758-A and ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2 the transmission requirements for the appropriate category of ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2 Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Splicing connectors: – splicing connectors use insulation displacement technology to allow efficient splicing of cables without stripping insulation – single-wire connectors (discrete) can be used to join or bridge-tap (half-tap) one wire to a through wire and accommodate 26- through 19-AWG wire – multiple-pair connectors (modular) may be used to splice up to twenty-five wire pairs, and typically splice multiple wires, from 26- to 22- or 19-AWG – both the discrete and multiple pair connectors shall be provided in both dry and moisture resistant forms for use in all OSP splicing environments Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Splicing connectors: – important characteristics of OSP splicing connectors are: consistently low connection resistance high insulation resistance robustness resistance to moisture and corrosion ease of installation – connector manufacturers shall provide suitable application tooling and any auxiliary products that may be required to ensure the maintenance and reliability of the connectors in all OSP environments Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Splicing connectors – materials: – metal components: shall be resistant to or protected against: – general corrosion – forms of localized corrosion – stress corrosion cracking – stress corrosion pitting shall not produce significant galvanic corrosion effects, in wet or humid conditions, on other metals likely to be present in their use environment Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Splicing connectors – materials: – insulating materials: shall perform their designed electrical and mechanical functions, shall be resistant to: – fungi – heat – cable cleaning solvents must be compatible with: – metals – cable conductor insulation – cable filling compounds plastic materials: – shall be non-corrosive to metals – shall resist deterioration when exposed to chemical pollutants and sunlight Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Splicing connectors – materials: – connector filling compounds and sealants: shall be compatible with other connector and cable materials shall be resistant to fungi shall conform to safety and toxicology requirements at the time of manufacture – materials used for hand tools and for multiple wire connector splicing tools shall be compatible with other materials in the environment used Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Splicing connectors – transmission: – markings on splicing hardware should include designation of transmission performance at the discretion of the manufacturer or the approval agency – the performance markings shall be visible during installation – it is suggested that the markings consist of: “Cat 3” for category 3 components “Cat 5” for category 5 components “Cat 5e” for category 5e components “Cat 6” for category 6 components Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Splicing connectors – tensile strength: – is established by measuring the force required to break the wire terminated in a splice connector when a load is applied axially to the wire in the direction of wire entry to the splice connector, and compared to the breaking strength of an unspliced segment of the same wire – minimum breaking strength for a spliced 19-AWG wire shall be 60 % of 19-AWG wire breaking strength – minimum breaking strength for spliced wires of smaller gauges shall be 75 % of the control wire breaking strength Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Splicing connectors – insulation resistance: – immersion testing is required for devices used under severe service conditions; filled or moisture resistant connector samples shall be immersed in water for one week the insulation resistance shall be measured between each conductor and the water bath with 250 V dc applied not more than 10 % shall be less than 106 Ohm not more than 25 % shall be less than 108 Ohm the remainder shall be greater than 109 Ohm all samples shall be restorable to greater than 109 Ohm after drying samples that fall below 108 Ohm shall be inspected for corrosion the presence of corrosion is considered a failure Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair connecting hardware Splicing connectors – salt fog exposure: – terminated/spliced filled samples shall be exposed to salt fog per ASTM B 117 for 48 hours – the resistance of each splice shall not increase by more than 2 mOhm as a result of the exposure Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair cross-connect jumpers OSP twisted-pair cross-connect jumpers: – proper selection and installation of cross-connect jumper wire used between cross-connect blocks is essential to the overall performance of the network – transmission properties of cross-connect jumper wire shall the same or higher than that of the cross-connect block – the pair twist shall be maintained to within 13 mm (0.5 in) of the entry into the cross-connect block Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Installation requirements BBOSP cable splices: – there are two type of splices: butt splice (preferred) inline splice: – an in-line splice method can be used when the conductors are spaced close together, i.e., there are no open loops – amount of untwisting of the conductor pairs shall be kept at 13 mm (0.5 in) maximum (can be achieved by twisting the two conductors together after the splice is formed) – for optimum performance, pair splices should be staggered within the splice closure Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Installation requirements Bridge-taps: – bridge-taps are not recommended for OSP cabling because they may cause severe transmission impairment for high-frequency digital circuits Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Installation requirements Binder group integrity: – 25-pair binder groups should not be split between connecting hardware points Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Installation requirements Cable bend radius: – the minimum bend radius for non-gopher-resistant OSP twisted-pair cable shall: not be less than 10 times the cable diameter during installation shall not be less than 8 times the cable diameter after installation – the minimum bend radius for gopher-resistant OSP twisted-pair cable shall: not be less than 15 times the cable diameter during installation shall not be less than 10 times the cable diameter after installation Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Twisted-pair testing The primary field test parameters for OSP twisted- pair cabling are: – DC loop resistance – wire map and continuity: shorts crossed pairs reversed pairs split pairs any other miswiring Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Coaxial cabling Coaxial cable used in backbone OSP applications is 75- Ohm semi-rigid coaxial cable (trunk, feeder, and distribution) The cable is available in sizes ranging from 10 to 29 mm (0.412 to 1.160 in) in diameter Since attenuation is inversely proportional to the diameter of the cable, larger cables are selected for longer distances or when the number of amplifiers in a link should be reduced Type N connecting hardware is available for each particular cable size (such cabling may be used in aerial, direct-buried or duct applications) Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Coaxial cabling 75-Ohm coaxial cable: – mechanical and electrical requirements for 75-Ohm trunk, feeder, and distribution coaxial cables can be found in the Society of Cable Television Engineers (SCTE) document IPS-SP-100 – requirements for both disc/air and foam dielectric cable designs are included in this document Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Coaxial cabling 75-Ohm coaxial cable performance: – the cable shall meet requirements for mechanical and electrical transmission performance as specified in SCTE IPS-SP-100 Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Coaxial cabling 75-Ohm coaxial connecting hardware: – N-type connecting hardware is designed to fit each particular cable size and type – the cable manufacturer should provide information regarding connecting hardware that is compatible with their cable – connecting hardware includes: connectors taps splitters Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Coaxial cabling 75-Ohm coaxial cable installation requirements: – installation practices as described in SCTE document “Recommended Practices for Coaxial Cable Construction and Testing, Issue 1, Section 1” shall be followed Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Coaxial cabling 75-Ohm coaxial cable testing: – minimum test requirements for 75-Ohm coaxial cable shall include a continuity test for the center conductor and shield – due to the variety of designs encountered in OSP construction, it is not possible to establish link or channel requirements for these applications – installers may test the following parameters (ANSI/TIA-758-A doesn’t establish any test criteria): attenuation length characteristic impedance return loss DC loop resistance Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber cabling Optical fiber cabling system for customer-owned OSP include the following components: – cable – connectors – splices – connecting hardware – protective hardware The recognized cables shall contain: – multimode fibers – singlemode fibers – combination of multimode and singlemode fibers (such cables should have some means of segregating the fibers by type) Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber cabling When specifying the fiber type, requirements for bandwidth and system distances should be considered It is recommended that spare capacity be included into the system design to support present and future applications Consideration should always be given to installing singlemode optical fiber in addition to multimode optical fiber Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber cabling Optical fiber cable performance: – OSP optical fiber cable shall meet the performance requirements of: ANSI/ICEA S-83-640 or ICEA S-104-696 and ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.3 Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber cabling Optical fiber cable construction types: – OSP optical fiber cable shall meet the physical requirements of: ANSI/ICEA S-83-640 or ICEA-104-696 – Optical fiber cables are available in several designs with many jacketing options (the next slide) Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber cabling Chapter 5 Cable typeConduit/ductTunnelDirect-buriedAerial Non-armoredRRSR ArmoredSSRS Indoor/outdoorSSNS DropSSNS R – recommended S – suitable N – non-recommended Very often, a non-armored cable is referred to as a “duct” cable. An “all-dielectric” cable has no metallic or conductive components such as a metallic central member, metallic strength member(s), armor or copper wires.

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber cabling Duct cables: – are generally non-armored cables – all-dielectric versions incorporating a nonmetallic central member are available and are suitable for duct or conduit placement and are ideal for duct, tunnel or aerial installations Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber cabling Armored cables: – armored cables are generally similar to duct cables, but have a steel armor layer added under the outer cable jacket – the armor is usually added to increase the rodent resistance of a direct-buried cable and also may serve as an extra layer of protection against other factors (e.g., very rocky soil) Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber cabling Aerial cables: – aerial cables typically have the same cable construction as duct cables – self-supporting cables are typically duct cables with modifications simplifying the aerial installation – all-dielectric optical cables are recommended due to their lower susceptibility to lightning strikes, induced voltages, and are not required to be grounded Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber cabling Self-supporting aerial cables: – are designed to be installed without the need for a pre- installed messenger – can be installed in less time than lashing a conventional duct cable to a metallic messenger – figure 8 cables: incorporate a duct cable and a metallic messenger in a common sheath – all-dielectric cables: have a duct cable core with a layer of strength members that allows installation without a separate messenger wire there may be length limitations depending upon location (due to the NESC wind and ice loading conditions), and special mounting hardware is required no grounding is required Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber cabling Indoor/outdoor cables: – can be installed in both outdoor and indoor locations – should be water-blocked, UV resistant – should have the jackets made of a flame-retardant material allowing to pass the NEC flame test requirements for indoor installation – should be marked with a cable flame rating Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber cabling Drop cables: – are typically small diameter, low fiber count cables with limited unsupported span distances when used in aerial applications – are used to feed a small number of fibers from a higher fiber count cable into a single location Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber connecting hardware Optical fiber splicing: – typical splicing methods: fusion mechanical – is intended for use in a variety of environments such as: maintenance holes utility vaults aerial open trench – may be used to join: individual fibers fiber ribbons ribbonized fibers Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber connecting hardware Fusion splicing: – a method of fusing two fibers together with an electric arc – welding fibers together results in an environmentally stable optical fiber connection – is a recommended method for optical fiber connections in the OSP Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber connecting hardware Mechanical splicing: – a typical mechanical splice incorporates: gripping mechanism to prevent fiber separation means for fiber alignment index-matching gel – depending on the design, the mechanical splices may be reusable – because the mechanical splices depend on a physical contact between two cleaved fiber ends, these splices are more sensitive to large variations in environmental temperature Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber connecting hardware Splices – attenuation: – the splice insertion loss shall not exceed 0.1 dB mean (0.3 dB maximum) when measured in accordance with ANSI/EIA/TIA-455-8 (OTDR testing) Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber connecting hardware Splices – return loss: – splices shall have a return loss greater than or equal to 45.0 dB mean (40.0 dB minimum) for singlemode fiber when measured in accordance with ANSI/EIA/TIA-455-8 – mechanical splices should be designed to improve return loss through the use of index matching gel – typically, fusion splices have lower return loss that may not be measurable Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber connecting hardware Splices – mechanical protection: – each fusion or mechanical splice shall be protected in a splice tray or similar protective device that will mount inside a closure or an enclosure – the splice tray shall: store and organize the fibers and splices protect the fibers prevent the fibers from exceeding the minimum bend radius – stripped optical fiber should be protected with a heat shrink or silicone adhesive to prevent exposure to moisture Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber connecting hardware Optical fiber connectors: – shall meet the requirements of ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.3 – are more susceptible than splices to temperature induced losses at extreme temperatures and are usually limited to temperature controlled environments Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Cabling practices Optical fiber cables, connecting hardware and patch cords shall maintain the correct polarity throughout the cabling system to support two-fiber transmit and receive applications Using consecutive fiber numbering for multi-fiber cables, fibers shall be installed to pair odd numbered fibers with the next consecutive even numbered fiber (e.g., fiber 1 with 2, fiber 3 with 4…) Each cable segment shall be installed in a pair-wise cross- over orientation The 568SC (duplex SC) connector and adapter “A” and “B” position labeling system shall be used for keyed duplex connectors Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Cabling practices Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Cabling practices Single fiber connector systems shall use a consistent “A” and “B” labeling system to support the installation of cable plant cross-over polarity ANSI/TIA-758-A Annex C provides information regarding OSP optical fiber cabling practices Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber cords Patch cords and jumpers shall meet the requirements of: – ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.3 in environmentally conditioned spaces – Telcordia GR-326 (environmental test) in environmentally unconditioned OSP spaces Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com OF cable installation requirements The location and protection of the optical fiber cable shall comply with ANSI/TIA/EIA-590-A All metallic components of the cable, except for metallic transmission media, shall be bonded to each other and to ground The minimum bend radius for OSP optical fiber cable shall not be less than: – 20 times the cable diameter during installation – 15 times the cable diameter after installation Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber cable testing Testing of OSP optical fiber cabling shall be conducted according to ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1 Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber cable testing OTDR testing: – can be used for locating problems causing high attenuation – the distances needed for accurate OTDR readings must exceed 100 m (328 ft) Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber inside terminals Optical fiber inside terminals shall meet the requirements of the ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.3 standard Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber inside terminals Fiber storage and organizing housings: – involve: fiber storage fiber splice storage fiber distribution, fiber cross connection – fiber distribution units featuring full front access may be used for restricted space installations Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber inside terminals Fiber storage and organizing housings: – when selecting fiber storage and housings: cable bend radii > 15 times the cable diameter fiber bend radii > 38 mm (1.5 in) modular fiber connector loading provision to allow for expansion vertical and horizontal cable accessibility for expansion accommodate both 483-mm (19-in) and 584-mm (23-in) wide equipment racks accommodate single-sided wall-mount available cable entry ports providing for strain relief provisions for electrically bonding/grounding cables storage for excess fiber slack Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber inside terminals Fiber distribution units utilizing optical fiber connectors: – house and organize groups of fibers – fibers are typically spliced to factory prepared connector pigtails that are loaded into patch panels – splices are stored within the fiber distribution unit (FDU) – connections between cables are typically accomplished using connectorized jumpers Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber inside terminals Fiber distribution units utilizing fiber splicing techniques: – the fiber distribution units based on splices (with lower insertion loss and return loss) should be used where higher performance connections are desired Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Optical fiber inside terminals Fiber splice module housing: – splice module housings are used when directly splicing to the incoming fibers – enclosures house and organize groups of fibers and accommodate splice trays, but have no patch panel capability Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Pressurization of air-core cables Air-core cables installed in subsurface pathways shall be pressurized Air-core aerial cable should be vented rather than pressurized Air pressure shall be maintained at any point along the cable route to a minimum of 1.5 psi plus 0.43 psi/ft of hydrostatic head Three basic types of cable pressurization: – static pressure – single feed system – dual feed system (recommended) Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Pressurization of air-core cables Where dry-air pressure systems are deployed, the following factors should be taken into consideration: – cable manufacturer’s recommendations – compressor size – dryer – manifolds, flow meters and cut-off valves – location of air feeds and air pipes – pneumatic resistance of the cable – alarm systems – air plugs Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Quiz Chapter 5 1.Twisted-pair cables shall consist of _____ conductors. A.19-AWG (0.9-mm) B.22-AWG (0.64-mm) C.24-AWG (0.5-mm) D.26-AWG (0.4-mm) E.All of the above Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Quiz Chapter 5 2.The maximum length of buried service wire shall not exceed _____. A. 30 m ( 100 ft) B. 46 m ( 150 ft) C.152 m ( 500 ft) D.213 m ( 700 ft) E.305 m (1000 ft) Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Quiz Chapter 5 3.The maximum length of aerial service wire shall not exceed _____. A. 30 m ( 100 ft) B. 46 m ( 150 ft) C.152 m ( 500 ft) D.213 m ( 700 ft) E.305 m (1000 ft) Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Quiz Chapter 5 4.OSP connecting hardware shall be fully functional for continuous use within the temperature range of ___________________________. A.-40 °C to 70 °C (-40 °F to 158 °F) B.-20 °C to 80 °C ( -4 °F to 176 °F) C.-10 °C to 60 °C ( 14 °F to 140 °F) D. 0 °C to 70 °C ( 32 °F to 158 °F) E. 20 °C to 60 °C ( 68 °F to 140 °F) Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Quiz Chapter 5 5.Transmission performance of OSP twisted-pair connecting hardware shall comply with connecting hardware requirements of _____________________. A.ANSI/TIA-758-A B.ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-C.0 C.ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-C.1 D.ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2 E.ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.3 Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Quiz Chapter 5 6.Contacts of terminal blocks shall be compatible with the service wire available in _____. A.24-AWG copper B.26- and 24-AWG copper C.26-, 24-, and 22-AWG copper D.26-, 24-, 22-, and 19-AWG copper E.26-, 24-, 22-, and 19-AWG copper, 18-1/2-AWG copper-clad steel Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Quiz Chapter 5 7.Contacts of cross-connect blocks shall be compatible with the service wire available in ____________________________________. A.24-AWG copper B.26- and 24-AWG copper C.26-, 24-, and 22-AWG copper D.26-, 24-, 22-, and 19-AWG copper E.26-, 24-, 22-, and 19-AWG copper, 18-1/2-AWG copper-clad steel Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Quiz Chapter 5 8.Building entrance terminals are available in ______________________. A.2-pair sizes B.4-pair sizes C.6-pair sizes D.multiples of 10- and 25-pair E.All of the above Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Quiz Chapter 5 9.The minimum bend radius for non-gopher- resistant OSP twisted-pair cable shall not be less than _____ times the cable diameter during installation, and not less than _____ times the cable diameter after installation. A. 810 B.10 8 C. 8 8 D.1010 E. 4 4 Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Quiz Chapter 5 10.The primary field test parameters for OSP twisted-pair cabling are ______________. A.wire map and continuity B.DC loop resistance C.insertion loss and NEXT D.All of the above E.A and B Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Quiz Chapter 5 11.Coaxial cable used in backbone OSP applications is _____-Ohm semi-rigid coaxial cable. A. 50 B. 62 C. 75 D. 93 E.100 Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Quiz Chapter 5 12.Splice insertion loss shall not exceed _____ dB mean (_____dB maximum) when measured in accordance with ANSI/EIA/TIA-455-8 (OTDR testing). A.0.010.03 B.0.10.3 C.0.50.75 D.1.03.0 E.5.07.5 Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Quiz Chapter 5 13.Splice return loss shall greater than or equal to _____ dB mean (_____ dB minimum) for singlemode fiber when measured in accordance with ANSI/EIA/TIA-455-8. A.0.450.40 B.4.504.00 C.45.040.0 D.0.100.30 E.0.500.75 Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Quiz Chapter 5 14.Optical fiber connectors shall meet the requirements of __________________. A.ANSI/TIA-758-A B.ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-C.0 C.ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-C.1 D.ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2 E.ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.3 Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Quiz Chapter 5 15.The minimum bend radius for OSP optical fiber cable shall not be less than _____ times the cable diameter during installation and _____ times the cable diameter after installation. A. 8 4 B.10 8 C.1510 D.2015 E. 4 4 Chapter 5

ANSI/TIA-758-A www.atrasusa.com Congratulations! You have completed Lesson 4 Course 115 Any Questions? Your Presenter: –Bob Faber, RCDD/NTS –Atras Vice President of Sales and Marketing –bfaber@atrasusa.combfaber@atrasusa.com –203-598-5071

Offered by: Atras Technical Institute Presentation Published: December 2014 Lesson 4 www.atrasusa.com ANSI/TIA-758-A-2004 Customer-owned Outside Plant.

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Offered by: Atras Technical Institute Presentation Published: December 2014 Lesson 4 www.atrasusa.com ANSI/TIA-758-A-2004 Customer-owned Outside Plant.

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Presentation on theme: "Offered by: Atras Technical Institute Presentation Published: December 2014 Lesson 4 www.atrasusa.com ANSI/TIA-758-A-2004 Customer-owned Outside Plant."— Presentation transcript:

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