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3. Splash Screen

4. Contents Chapter Introduction Section 1The Challenges of Our World Section 2Global Visions Chapter Summary Chapter Assessment Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slides.

5. Intro 1 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.

6. Intro 2 Key Events As you read this chapter, look for key issues that challenge the contemporary world.  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Today’s world faces the challenges of protecting and preserving the environment, addressing economic and social changes, implementing new technologies, resolving political conflicts, and eliminating international terrorism.  The world’s inhabitants must adopt a cooperative global vision to address the problems that confront all humankind.

7. Intro 3 The Impact Today Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The events that occurred during this time period still impact our lives today.  The debate over nuclear weapons continues as European leaders question the United States government’s desire to deploy a nuclear missile defense system in outer space.  Peacekeeping forces remain in the Balkan Peninsula.  Automakers, fuel companies, and other manufacturers are developing methods to reduce harmful emissions.

8. Intro 4 Chapter Objectives Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. After studying this chapter, you should be able to:  describe factors in the environmental crisis faced by all nations of the world.  identify and explain the costs and benefits of the technological revolution.  identify and describe the purpose and accomplishments of the United Nations.  identify and describe alternative global visions for the future.

9. End of Intro

10. Section 1-1 The world faces environmental, social, economic, and political challenges.  Main Ideas Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Challenges of Our World Key Terms ecology  acid rain  biowarfare  bioterrorism  global economy deforestation  ozone layer  greenhouse effect  The benefits of the technological revolution must be balanced against its costs. 

11. Section 1-2 Rachel Carson  People to Identify Buzz Aldrin  Bhopal  Places to Locate Sudan Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Chernobyl  Neil Armstrong  The Challenges of Our World

12. Section 1-3 What challenges face the world in the twenty- first century?  Preview Questions Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. What are the promises and perils of the technological revolution? The Challenges of Our World

13. Section 1-4 Preview of Events The Challenges of Our World

14. Section 1-5 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.

15. Section 1-6 In 1997, a 12-year-old named Sean Redden was using the Internet at his home in Texas when he saw a message on the Internet from a 20-year-old named Tarja Laitinen in Finland saying that she was having difficulty breathing. A series of telephone calls ended with Tarja being transported to a hospital in Finland. Sean had saved Tarja’s life from thousands of miles away.

16. Section 1-7 The Environmental Crisis In 1962, American scientist Rachel Carson warned that the use of pesticides was harmful to the environment.  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. This warning gave rise to a new field of science called ecology–the study of the relationship between living things and their environment. (pages 969–971)

17. Section 1-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Environmental Crisis (cont.) Deforestation–the clearing of forests– destroys the natural homes for plants and animals.  The rapid destruction of tropical rain forests is worrisome because they support 50 percent of the world’s species of plants and animals.  Many scientists believe that the release of chlorofluorocarbons is destroying the ozone layer–a thin layer of gas in the upper atmosphere that shields the earth from the Sun’s ultraviolet rays. (pages 969–971)

18. Section 1-9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Environmental Crisis (cont.) Other scientists believe that the greenhouse effect creates global warming by causing a buildup of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.  Global warming could cause sea levels to rise and the flooding of coastal areas. (pages 969–971)

19. Section 1-10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Environmental Crisis (cont.) Another problem is acid rain–the rainfall that results when sulfur produced by factories mixes with moisture in the air.  Acid rain is killing forests in North America and Europe. (pages 969–971)

20. Section 1-11 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Environmental Crisis (cont.) Major ecological disasters, such as the release of chemical toxic fumes in Bhopal, India, and a nuclear explosion at Chernobyl, have occurred in the last 20 years.  Various programs and meetings have been started to help address these problems. (pages 969–971)

21. Section 1-12 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Why are tropical rain forests crucial to human survival? They remove carbon dioxide from the air and return oxygen to it. The Environmental Crisis (cont.) (pages 969–971)

22. Section 1-13 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Technological Revolution (pages 971–972) Modern transportation and communication systems are changing the world.  The Internet provides quick access to an enormous amount of information.  The development of the World Wide Web in the 1990s made the Internet accessible to people everywhere.  Other technology, such as satellites and cellular phones, allow people to communicate almost instantaneously with others throughout the world.

23. Section 1-14 The Technological Revolution (cont.) In 1969, American astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed on the moon. (pages 971–972)

24. Section 1-15 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Technological Revolution (cont.) New medicines and new technologies help doctors treat more illnesses than ever before.  Some scientists question whether genetic engineering might create new strains of deadly bacteria.  Stem-cell research and cloning have also caused great debates. (pages 971–972)

25. Section 1-16 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Technological Revolution (cont.) The Green Revolution has increased crop yields, but large amounts of chemical fertilizers are needed to grow the new strains of crops.  The pesticides needed to control the insects for the new crops damage the environment. (pages 971–972)

26. Section 1-17 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Technological Revolution (cont.) Nuclear weapons continue to spread, making a regional nuclear war possible.  Biowarfare and bioterrorism, or the use of biological and chemical weapons in wartime and in terrorist attacks, remain a threat despite attempts to limit the use of such weapons. (pages 971–972) Over 42 million people worldwide have AIDS.

27. Section 1-18 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What technological developments since World War II have increased communication throughout the world? Communication technology includes the Internet, the World Wide Web, satellites, cable television, facsimile machines, and cellular phones. The Technological Revolution (cont.) (pages 971–972)

28. Section 1-19 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Economic and Social Challenges (pages 972–973) Since World War II, countries of the world have developed a global economy–an economy in which the production, distribution, and sale of goods take place on a worldwide scale.  The World Trade Organization (WTO) was established in 1995.

29. Section 1-20 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The global economy has created a large gap between the rich industrialized nations and the poor developing countries that are primarily farming nations with little technology.  Population growth and hunger are staggering problems.  Civil wars in countries such as Sudan often lead to food shortages. (pages 972–973) Economic and Social Challenges (cont.)

30. Section 1-21 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. In Western countries, the gap between the status of men and women has steadily been narrowing.  Women in developing countries continue to face difficulties in obtaining education, property rights, or decent jobs. (pages 972–973) Economic and Social Challenges (cont.)

31. Section 1-22 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What problems face developing countries? Developing countries generally have rapid population growth. Many people move to cities to find jobs. The size of cities has grown dramatically, leading to slums or shantytowns. Hunger is a large problem in developing countries. (pages 972–973) Economic and Social Challenges (cont.)

32. Section 1-23 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Political Challenges (page 973) Most African and Asian leaders wanted democracy after World War II.  Developing countries, however, generally replaced democratic systems with military dictatorships or one-party governments.  In recent years, there has been a revival of interest in democratic systems in parts of Asia, Africa, and Latin America.

33. Section 1-24 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Political Challenges (cont.) Regional, ethnic, and religious differences continue to create conflict around the world.  Also, international terrorist groups are trying to wreak havoc throughout the world. (page 973)

34. Section 1-25 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What political challenges face the world today? Regional, ethnic, and religious differences create conflict around the world. International terrorist groups seek to wreak havoc around the world. Political Challenges (cont.) (page 973)

35. Section 1-26 __ 1.the rainfall that results when sulfur produced by factories mixes with moisture in the air __ 2.the clearing of forests __ 3.a thin layer of gas in the upper atmosphere that shields Earth from the Sun’s ultraviolet rays __ 4.the study of the relationships between living things and their environment __ 5.global warming caused by the buildup of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere A.ecology B.deforestation C.ozone layer D.greenhouse effect E.acid rain Define Match each definition in the left column with the appropriate term in the right column. E Checking for Understanding Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. B C A D

36. Section 1-27 Explain why it is difficult for developing nations to establish industrial economies. What specific problems are many developing nations attempting to solve? Checking for Understanding Growing populations burden the economies. Problems include disease control, health, a stable government, and environmental problems. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

37. Section 1-28 Checking for Understanding Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. List three countries in which free elections have demonstrated great progress toward democracy. Also list three types of political challenges that remain unsolved and give an example of each. South Korea, Taiwan, and the Philippines are three countries in which free elections have demonstrated great progress toward democracy.

38. Section 1-29 Critical Thinking Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Analyze What are the individual and global consequences of overpopulation? Individual consequences of overpopulation are hunger and poverty. Global consequences of overpopulation are deforestation, the loss of plant and animal species, and the greenhouse effect.

39. Section 1-30 Analyzing Visuals Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Compare the photo on page 971 to the photo of the International Space Station on page 967 of your textbook. Describe the advances and changes in space technology that are reflected in these two photos. How many years have elapsed between the two photos? Apollo 11 was not meant to orbit for long periods. The Space Station carries entire crews for extended periods. Thirty-one years have elapsed between the two photos.

40. Section 1-31 Close Review the challenges described in this section and select one that causes you the greatest concern. Explain why this challenge concerns you and ways you can address it.

41. End of Section 1

42. Section 2-1 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Organizations have been established to respond to global challenges.  Main Ideas Global Visions Key Terms peacekeeping force  disarmament Citizens’ groups and nongovernmental organizations have also formed to address global concerns. 

43. Section 2-2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Franklin Delano Roosevelt  People to Identify Elise Boulding  China  Places to Locate Canada Hazel Henderson  Global Visions

44. Section 2-3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. What international organization arose at the end of World War II to help maintain the peace?  Preview Questions How have ordinary citizens worked to address the world’s problems? Global Visions

45. Section 2-4 Preview of Events Global Visions

46. Section 2-5 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.

47. Section 2-6 United Nations peacekeeping forces have been sent on missions that have lasted for many years, such as the 40- year mission to supervise the truce between India and Pakistan. Other UN missions have lasted for only a few months. Over 1,450 members of peacekeeping forces have died while helping keep the peace.

48. Section 2-7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The United Nations (pages 974–975) The United Nations (UN) was founded in 1945 to help maintain peace and human dignity after World War II.  U.S. president Franklin Delano Roosevelt was especially eager to create such an organization.  The UN General Assembly is made up of representatives of all member nations.

49. Section 2-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The United Nations (cont.) The UN Security Council is made up of 5 permanent members–the United States, Russia, Great Britain, France, and China.  Ten members are chosen by the General Assembly to serve limited terms in the Security Council.  The United Nations has provided peacekeeping forces, which are military forces drawn from neutral member states to settle conflicts and supervise truces. (pages 974–975)

50. Section 2-9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What is a basic weakness of the United Nations? The United Nations has been subject to the whims of the two superpowers–the United States and the Soviet Union. The rivalry of these two countries during the Cold War made it difficult to reduce the arms race between the superpowers. The United Nations (cont.) (pages 974–975)

51. Section 2-10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. New Global Visions (pages 975–976) Social movements led by ordinary citizens are one way that global issues have been successfully addressed.  Public interest groups founded by people such as Hazel Henderson help to promote global unity and justice.

52. Section 2-11 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. New Global Visions (cont.) Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) are important to the cultivation of global perspectives.  NGOs include such organizations as businesses and disarmament groups.  The American educator Elise Boulding has actively promoted the creation of the groups.  By 1995 there were about 29,000 NGOs worldwide. (pages 975–976)

53. Section 2-12 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. New Global Visions (cont.) Political, ethnic, and religious conflicts hinder global solutions to global problems.  For example, the United States and Canada have argued about the effects of acid rain on Canadian forests.  These conflicts emphasize the need for individuals to become involved in the affairs of society. (pages 975–976)

54. Section 2-13 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Why are NGOs an important approach to solving global problems? NGOs are identified with interests that transcend national boundaries, define problems in global terms, and take account of human interests and needs as they are found in all parts of the planet. New Global Visions (cont.) (pages 975–976)

55. Section 2-14 __ 1.a military force drawn from neutral members of the United Nations to settle conflicts and supervise truces __ 2.a limit or reduction of armed forces and weapons A.peacekeeping force B.disarmament Define Match each definition in the left column with the appropriate term in the right column. A B Checking for Understanding Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.

56. Section 2-15 Explain why global approaches to global problems are sometimes difficult to coordinate. Checking for Understanding Global approaches to global problems are sometimes difficult to coordinate because they are often hindered by political, ethnic, and religious disputes. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

57. Section 2-16 Checking for Understanding Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. List the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council. How many members serve limited terms at any one time? The permanent members of the United Nations Security Council are the United States, Great Britain, Russia, France, and China.

58. Section 2-17 Critical Thinking Analyze Why was an international peacekeeping organization created after World War II? An international peacekeeping organization was created after World War II to prevent future wars and to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

59. Section 2-18 Describe the photo on page 975 of your textbook in your own words. Then explain why peacekeepers wear military clothing. Analyzing Visuals Peacekeeping forces are military forces drawn from neutral member states to settle conflicts. Their clothing signifies their military status. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

60. Section 2-19 Close Discuss the methods used by the United Nations to improve the living conditions of people throughout the world.

61. End of Section 2

62. Chapter Summary 1 Chapter Summary At the beginning of the twenty-first century, the world has become a global society. Nations are politically and economically dependent on each other, and the world’s problems are of a global nature, as shown in the chart on the following slide.

63. Chapter Summary Chapter Summary 2

64. End of Chapter Summary

65. Chapter Assessment 1 1.The destruction of large forests and jungles that affects the world’s climate, animals, and plants is called _______________. 2.A _______________ is based on the interdependency of nations’ economic systems. 3.The science of _______________ studies the relationship between living things and their environment. 4.Organizations that seek to limit or reduce armed forces and weapons are called _______________ groups. 5.When the sulfur produced by factories mixes with moisture in the air the result is _______________. Insert the key term that best completes each of the following sentences. Using Key Terms Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. deforestation global economy ecology disarmament acid rain

66. Chapter Assessment 2 Science and Technology Explain the greenhouse effect and the problems it could create. Reviewing Key Facts The greenhouse effect takes place when temperatures on Earth rise because of the buildup of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. It causes global warming, which could cause sea levels to rise because of melting polar ice, flooding coastal areas. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

67. Chapter Assessment 3 Reviewing Key Facts Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. History When and where did the world’s nations meet to discuss environmental issues? In 1987, representatives from 46 nations met in Montreal to discuss ways to reduce the emission of chlorofluorocarbons. In 1992, an Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro proposed solutions to environmental challenges.

68. Chapter Assessment 4 Reviewing Key Facts Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Citizenship Why are nongovernmental organizations taking greater responsibility for protecting the world’s environment? They identify with interests that transcend national boundaries, defining problems in global terms, whereas government agencies would take a limited national approach.

69. Chapter Assessment 5 Reviewing Key Facts Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Government What is the United Nations Security Council? Why is it difficult for this council to make decisions? The Security Council is composed of 5 permanent members and 10 members chosen by the General Assembly to serve limited terms. It decides what actions the UN should take to settle international disputes. It is difficult to make decisions because each of the 5 permanent members has veto power.

70. Chapter Assessment 6 Reviewing Key Facts Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Citizenship What is the slogan of grassroots public interest groups? What kind of issues do these groups address, and what kind of members do these groups usually attract? “Think globally, act locally.” These groups deal with issues such as environmental problems, women’s and men’s liberation, human potential, appropriate technology, and nonviolence. They attract ordinary citizens.

71. Chapter Assessment 7 Critical Thinking Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Evaluating Analyze the interdependency of developing and industrialized nations. Industrialized nations import natural resources and expect lower labor costs in developing nations. Developing nations depend upon industrialized nations for capital infusion to develop new industries.

72. Chapter Assessment 8 Critical Thinking Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Cause and Effect Explain the increased potential for regional nuclear wars since the Soviet Union disintegrated. The Cold War ended with the disintegration of the Soviet Union, reducing the risk of a major nuclear war. However, nuclear weapons continue to spread, making a regional war possible.

73. Chapter Assessment 9 Analyzing Maps and Charts Study the map below and answer the questions on the following slides.

74. Chapter Assessment 10 Where is the radioactive fallout most concentrated? The radioactive fallout is most concentrated around Greece and Turkey. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Analyzing Maps and Charts

75. Chapter Assessment 11 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Analyzing Maps and Charts Where are the furthest traces of radioactive fallout found (using Chernobyl as the point of origin)? The furthest traces of radioactive fallout are found in the western United States and Canada.

76. Chapter Assessment 12 Analyzing Maps and Charts What global effects did the explosion at Chernobyl have? The fallout covered almost two-thirds of the Northern Hemisphere. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

77. Chapter Assessment 13 The most important body within the United Nations and its many subagencies is Fthe General Assembly. GUNESCO (United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization). HWHO (World Health Organization). Jthe Security Council. Test-Taking Tip Eliminating answers is a good way to begin on many questions. You may be able to see that UNESCO and WHO each address a specific area and that these areas seem equally important. Since it would be difficult to pick between them, you can conclude that these two answers can be eliminated. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Directions: Choose the best answer to the following question. Standardized Test Practice

78. End of Chapter Assessment

79. World History Online Explore online information about the topics introduced in this chapter. Click on the Connect button to launch your browser and go to the Glencoe World History Web site. At this site, you will find interactive activities, current events information, and Web sites correlated with the chapters and units in the textbook. When you finish exploring, exit the browser program to return to this presentation. If you experience difficulty connecting to the Web site, manually launch your Web browser and go to http://wh.glencoe.com

80. CC 1 Political Systems Select a contemporary event that is under debate. Once you have chosen an event, apply your knowledge of political systems to make decisions about the event. You may analyze information by drawing conclusions as part of your decision-making process. For example, you could consider how different political systems might influence the outcome or resolution of your chosen event.

81. Skill Builder 1 You have been assigned a research project about Brazil’s rain forest. To vividly present the important issues to your classmates, you would like to show them slides of the endangered animals and plants in the rain forest, along with videos of the region and recordings of native music. This type of presentation is called a multimedia presentation because it uses a variety of media, such as photographs, music, and video, to convey information to others. Why Learn This Skill? This feature can be found on page 977 of your textbook. Developing Multimedia Presentations

82. Skill Builder 2 At its most basic, a multimedia presentation can be as simple as using equipment such as a slide projector, a VCR, a TV, and a portable stereo. You can use pre-recorded materials or make your own videotapes or sound recordings.  Learning the Skill This feature can be found on page 977 of your textbook. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Developing Multimedia Presentations With the right tools, you can also develop a multimedia presentation on a computer. Computer presentations can combine text, graphics, audio, animation, and video in an interactive program. To create this kind of presentation, you might use traditional graphic tools and draw programs, animation programs that make still images move, and authoring systems that tie everything together. Your computer manual will tell you which tools your computer can support.

83. Skill Builder 3 Practicing the Skill This feature can be found on page 977 of your textbook. Suppose you want to give a report about the importance of the Brazilian rain forest. Ask yourself the questions on the following slides to develop an effective multimedia presentation. Developing Multimedia Presentations

84. Skill Builder 4 Practicing the Skill This feature can be found on page 977 of your textbook. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Developing Multimedia Presentations Which forms of media do I want to include? Video? Sound? Photographs? Graphics? Animation? Anything else?  What equipment would I need to present the media I want to use?  If I want to make a computer presentation, which of these media forms does my computer support?

85. Skill Builder 5 Practicing the Skill This feature can be found on page 977 of your textbook. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Developing Multimedia Presentations What kind of software programs or systems do I need? A graphics program? An animation program? A program that allows users to interact with the on-screen presentation? An authoring system that will allow me to change images, sound, and motion?  Is there a “do-it-all” program I can use to develop the kind of presentation I want?

86. A Story That Matters 1 Read A Time for Heroes on page 968 of your textbook. Then answer the questions on the following slides. This feature can be found on page 968 of your textbook. Rescue workers search for survivors in the ruins of the World Trade Center

87. A Story That Matters 2 Discuss the meanings of the words hero, courage, duty, and sacrifice. This feature can be found on page 968 of your textbook.

88. A Story That Matters 3 How did the individuals who responded to the terrorist attacks show these qualities? This feature can be found on page 968 of your textbook.

89. A Story That Matters 4 What is the meaning of the sentence “Freedom and fear are at war”? Possible answer: President George W. Bush may have meant that the terrorists who planned the attack were motivated by fear– a fear of freedom and democracy. This feature can be found on page 968 of your textbook. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

90. In what ways has the technological revolution been a turning point? Turning Point 1

91. Video 1 In The 21 st Century After viewing “In the 21 st Century,” you should:  Objectives Understand ways in which the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, changed both the United States and the world.  Understand the importance of international cooperation in defeating international terrorism.  Recognize that terrorists are not representative of Muslims or the Arab community. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Click in the window above to view a preview of the World History video.

92. Video 2 In The 21 st Century What key event happened in Afghanistan in 1979, leading to a cycle of division and violence? The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 led to civil wars and fostered support for al-Qaeda. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

93. Video 3 In The 21 st Century Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Why is the Masai warriors' gift of cattle to the 9/11 victims significant? By donating their most valuable possession, the Masai showed how touched they were by the suffering caused by the 9/11 attacks.

94. Maps and Charts 1

95. Chapter Transparency

96. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. There are over half a billion computers and over one billion wireless devices. People are able to immediately contact others, regardless of distance. Technology will affect the world positively, bringing unpredictable changes and progress. Daily Focus Skills Transparency 1

97. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. participate in or start an NGO encourages local actions in support of or to stop practices in other countries United States and Canada Daily Focus Skills Transparency 2

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