1. Ph.D. Eng. Tamara MORARIU, labour inspector
RISKS CAUSED BY OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO PAINTS AND LACQUERS USED IN CIVIL CONSTRUCTIONS
Ph.D. Eng. Tamara MORARIU, labour inspector
Ph.D. Eng. Gelu CONSTANTIN, labour inspector Labour Inspection, Bucharest

2. PANTED CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
Wood
Plastered surfaces
Wood floor, concrete floor
Fibre board, asbestos cement
Ceramic tile
Metal

3. Paint Composition by Volume

4. Rezins = polimers: Natural (plant oils, resins)
Or synthetic (acrylics, polyesters, vinyls, cellulosics, epoxies, etc.)

5. Pigments
Inorganic
Ex. Cr2O3 (O, T, cc1), CdS (T, cc3), PbCrO4 (cc3, rc1 and 3)
Organic
Ex. Azo dyestuffs (Xi), phtalocyanines componds (Xi)

6. Extenders carbonates (chalk, dolomite); sulphates (barium, calcium);
silicates (kaolin, micelle);
oxides şi hidroxides (silicon, aluminium, magnezium).

7. Solvents water organic Petroleum hydrocarbon Chlorinated hydrocarbon
Oxygenated solvents
terpenes

8. Drying of Emulsion Waterborne Paint

9. Coalescence agent and cosolvents
hidrocarbons or glycols
naphta solvent (carcinogenic 2nd category)
ethylene glycol acetate (carcinogenic 2nd category)
methylene glycol acetate(carcinogenic 2nd category)

10. Aditive Categories Antiblok agents Storage stabilizers Curing agents
Gloss modifiers
UV stabilizers
Antimicrobial agents
Defoamers

11. Paint Application Brushing Rolling Compressed air spray painting
Airless spray painting

12. Riscuri Faze Risk source Risk tipe* Risk evaluation** Solvent
Waterborn
Storage, transport
Raising of temperature
Spills (displacement of the lid, damage of the package)
Storage of half full cans I
Tcut M N
Application by:
spraying
brush, roll
Solvents
Tcut, Tinh, I
Tinh, I R S
Drying
Amins
Tinh
Cleaning

13. Restrictions OLE – Annex 31 la GNLP/2002
Interdictions– Annex 34 la GNLP/2002
Trading – Annex 2 la HG 347/2002

14. Firerisk p.i.  21oC - very inflammable paints
21oC < p.i.  55oC - inflammable paints
p.i. > 55oC – uninflammable paints but combustible

15. Hazards in constructions
Hazardous chemical substances
Manual handling
Ignition sources
Working at heights
Spray painting plant
Noise
The workplace environment
Confined spaces

16. Occupational illnesses
Occupational asthma
Contact dermatitis
Lung cancer
Damage to the reproductive system
Kidney or lived damage

17. Short term affects irritant contact dermatitis
burns to the skin or eyes
vomiting and diarrhea
irritating to the nose, throat and lungs
headaches, dizziness, nausea, fatigue

18. The main steps of the hazardous chemicals management
Hazards identification
Risks assessment
Measures for reducing the risks
Review the measures
Have the measures eliminated or reduced the risks?
Have the measures induced new hazards?
Is the management system working properly?
Could the way it is done be improved?

19. Hazard identification
When:
Introducing a new plant
Using the same produce in different place
Using a new painting plant or a new plant
If new information becomes available

20. Hazard identification
Is assisted by:
Paints and equipment manufacturers’ instructions and advices;
A walk through inspection of plant in the workplace and discussion with employers;
Examination of injury, illness or incidents records and health surveillance records.

21. Hazard identification Label

22. Hazard identification
Safety data sheet
Identification of the substance/preparation and of the company/ undertaking
Composition/ information on ingredients
Hazards identification
First-aid measures
Fire-fighting measures
Accidental release measures
Handling and storage
Exposures control/ personal protection
Physical and chemical properties
Stability and reacting
Toxicological information
Ecological information
Disposal consideration
Transport information
Regulatory information
Other information

23. Work place inspection Static electricity charges
Incorrectly stored flammable materials
Damaged electrical equipment
Ineffective lighting
Working at heights
Temperature
The lack of first aid
Pour cleanliness

24. Reduced and control the risk measures
Elimination of hazards
Substitution with safer alternatives
Isolation of the dangerous processes
Engineering controls
Administrative controls
Use of PPE

25. Isolation Physical barriers Restricted entry of unprotected persons
Removal of hazardous substances
Removal of stored wasted
Removal of electrical and ignitionsources

26. Reviewing the control measures
reexaminarea managementului agenţilor chimici periculoşi
O procedure should include:
Frequency of servicing
Who is responsible
How any defects will be corrected
Performance testing and evolution standards
Records of servicing

27. Conclusions High diversity of construction materials
Protective and/ or decorative painting
Paints containing hazardous chemical substances
Using of water-paints avoid only the risks caused by organic solvents
Brushing or rolling painting involve less risk than spraying painting
Air less spraying painting presents less risk than classic spraying
Chemical risk assessment is necessary for painting operation

28. Thank you for your attention
Ph.D. eng. Tamara MORARIU
Ph.D. eng. Ştefan Gelu CONSTANTIN
Labor Inspection