1. Chapter 3 Minerals
Created by Educational Technology Network

2. Mineral Properties
How Minerals Form
Identifying Minerals
Uses of Minerals
Mining 10 20 30 40 50

3. Question
What is a Mineral?

4. Answer 1 – 10
a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition

5. Question
When a mineral is said to be naturally occurring, what does that mean? Give an example of something that is NOT naturally occuring.

6. Must occur in the natural world…ex: brick, steel, plastic, glass
Answer 1 – 20
Must occur in the natural world…ex: brick, steel, plastic, glass

7. Question
What is inorganic? Give an example of something that is organic that can be confused with a mineral.

8. Ex: Coal and Amber are ORGANIC
Answer 1 – 30
The mineral cannot form from materials that were once part of a living thing. (Living things are said to be organic)
Ex: Coal and Amber are ORGANIC

9. Question
the repeating pattern of a mineral’s particles forms a solid is called:

10. Answer 1 – 40
Crystal structure

11. What does it mean when almost all minerals are compounds?
Question
What does it mean when almost all minerals are compounds?
What are 3 pure minerals?

12. Answer 1 – 50
hey are made up of more than one chemical.
Gold, silver, copper

13. Question
What is the difference between magma and lava?

14. Answer 2 – 10
Magma- molten material from inside the earth that hardens to form rock. Lava- is magma that reaches the surface.

15. Question
How do minerals form from magma and lava?

16. Answer 2 – 20
Minerals form as hot magma and lava cools inside the earth, or as lava hardens on the surface. When they cool, they form crystals (minerals).

17. How do large and small crystals form?
Question
How do large and small crystals form?

18. Magma deep below cools slowly and forms large crystals
Answer 2 – 30
Magma deep below cools slowly and forms large crystals
Magma or lava close to the surface cools quicker forming small crystals

19. Question
How are minerals formed by evaporation?

20. Answer 2 – 40
When water evaporates from a solution it leaves behind the dissolved crystals (minerals).

21. Question
How can minerals be formed from hot water solutions?

22. Answer 2 – 50
Sometimes magma deep underground can get water very hot causing elements to dissolve. When the solution cools it causes the elements to leave the solution and crystalize.

23. Question
_________________ is the color of its powder. To obtain this, rub the mineral against an unglazed porcelain tile.

24. Answer 3 – 10
streak

25. Question
Metallic, glassy, submetallic, dull, silky, and earthy all describe what?

26. Answer 3 – 20
Luster: the way the light reflects off the minerals surface

27. Question
Talc is a 1 and diamond is a 10. A diamond can scratch Talc. This describes what and states what?

28. Answer 3 – 30
Moh’s Hardness Scale, A mineral can scratch any mineral softer than itself. (But not any mineral harder)

29. Question
How a mineral breaks apart is called:

30. Answer 3 – 40
Cleavage and fracture

31. Question
List 4 special properties minerals can have.

32. Answer 3 – 50 Fluorescence- Glows in UV light
Magnetism- Attracts ferromagnetic materials
Acid Test- reacts chemically
Optical Properties- bends light
Radioactivity- produces its own energy
Electrical properties- conducts electricity

33. Question
Name 3 ways minerals can be used as resources.

34. gemstones, metals, and other uses
Answer 4 – 10
gemstones, metals, and other uses

35. Question
What is hard and colorful and can have a brilliant or glassy luster?

36. Answer 4 – 20
gemstones

37. Question
How can metals be useful? What is an example?

38. Answer 4 – 30
Metals such as aluminum, iron, copper, and silver are useful because they can be flattened, hammered, and molded.
Examples of minerals are filaments for old light bulbs, aluminum foil, steel beams, tools, and machines.

39. What are some other uses of minerals?
Question
What are some other uses of minerals?

40. Answer 4 – 40
foods, medicines, fertilizer, building materials, microscopes, cement, and glass

41. Question
What is a vein? What type of metal do we typically get from a vein?

42. Answer 4 – 50
a narrow channel or slab of mineral that is different from the surrounding rock.
Gold and silver

43. Question
A rock that contains metal or other useful minerals that can be mined and sold for profit is called

44. Answer 5 – 10
ore

45. Question
earthmoving equipment scrapes away soil topsoil to expose ore underneath uses what mining?

46. Answer 5 – 20
Strip mining

47. Question
In open pit mining miners do what?

48. use huge diggers to dig massive pits to remove the ore.
Answer 5 – 30
use huge diggers to dig massive pits to remove the ore.

49. Question
When minerals occur in veins, miners must use what type of mining to remove the ore?

50. Answer 5 – 40
Shaft mining

51. Question
Which type of mining has the most negative impact and give examples why.

52. Answer 5 – 50 Strip mining Kills vegetation Destroys habitats
Pollution (air/water)
Erosion- surface is unstable