1. Alexander the Great
Lesson #9

2. What we have learned…
Greece’s geography affected the development of it’s people’s society.
Ancient cultures of Minoans and Mycenaeans formed Greek society.
A city-state or polis is the center of ancient Greek life.
Athens is credited with creating democracy.
Democracy is a government system where the people rule themselves.
There is a difference between direct and representative democracy.
Greece and Persia fought a series of wars.
Greece is successful in keeping Persia from taking them over.
Sparta was a powerful city-state that was obsessed with physical strength.
Athens was a powerful city-state that emphasized knowledge and learning.
Sparta and Athens would fight each other in the Peloponnesian Wars.
Sparta would win in the end
Years of fighting made the Greeks weak and open to attack from outside!

3. Philip II In the 300s BC, Philip II of Macedonia defeated the Greeks.
He took advantage of the way they had weakened themselves by fighting each other.
He was a brilliant military leader.
After beating the Greeks, he planned to defeat Persia.
Philip would be murdered at his own daughter’s wedding in 336 BC.

4. Philip’s Army
Philip used the phalanx to defeat his enemies. He also added archers and cavalry to support the phalanx.

5. The Phalanx

6. Alexander Becomes King
He is only 20 when he takes command.
The Greek city-state of Thebes rebelled thinking he was too young to rule.
Alexander immediately crushes the rebellion, proving his leadership and making Thebes an example for other Greek city-states!

7. Alexander’s Empire
Alexander takes over Asia Minor, Egypt and the Persian Empire. He becomes the greatest conqueror the world ever saw before he was 33!

8. Alexander’s Legacy
Alexander was taught by a Greek teacher at a young age.
He grew up admiring Greek culture.
Wherever Alexander went, he brought Greek culture with him.
He could have gone further but his troops refused to go further once they made it to INDIA!
To show his control and power, he built many cities throughout his empire and named them after himself.
Alexander dies on his way home after becoming ill.
A new culture would be created throughout his empire that was a mix of Greek, Persian, Egyptian and Syrian.
It is known as HELLENISTIC, or Greek-like because it wasn’t 100% Greek but was heavily influenced by Greek culture.

9. Alexander had no sons to inherit his empire.
The End of his Empire
Alexander had no sons to inherit his empire.
It was divided into three kingdoms to be ruled by his three top generals.
These three kingdoms were Egypt, Macedonia and Syria and would be known as the Hellenistic Kingdoms.

10. All of the
Hellenistic Kingdoms
Would Eventually Be
Taken Over by a New
Empire….
ROME