1. Manifest Destiny
APUSH - Spiconardi

2. John Gast, American Progress

3. John Melish Map (1816)

4. From Sea to Sea
“To present a picture of it was desirable in every point of view. The map so
constructed, shows at a glance the whole extent of the United States territory from sea to sea; and in tracing the probable expansion of the human race from east to west, the mind finds an agreeable resting place on its western limits. The view is complete, and leaves nothing to be wished for. It also adds to the beauty and symmetry of the map; which will, it is confidently believed, be found one of the most useful and ornamental works ever executed[created] in this country.”
–John Melish, 1816

5. John O’Sullivan’s Argument
John O’Sullivan was an American columnist and editor. Read his “Great Nation of Futurity.”

6. Oregon Trail Oregon Fever
After the U.S. Navy published a report about the excellent harbors of the Puget Sound, interest in Oregon greatly increased
In 1843, a thousand people with ____________gathered in Independence, MO to head out west
100 wagons
5000 cattle
More than 5,000 settlers would set out over the next two years
By 1860, 250,000 Americans braved the Oregon Trail
65,000 headed to Oregon
185,000 head to California

8. Texas: To Annex or Not?
In 1844, President John Tyler called for the annexation of Texas (supported by southerners)
Tyler and his Secretary of State, John C. Calhoun, sent treaty to Senate
Henry Clay and Martin Van Buren opposed annexation fearing slavery would become a central issue
At the same time, northerners called for the “reoccupation” of Oregon
“Fifty four forty or fight”
Pro-slavery, annexation supporting James K. Polk is elected president since he linked annexation and reoccupation.

9. But whose version of republicanism & democracy?
Manifest Destiny
But whose version of republicanism & democracy?
Manifest Destiny
Term used to express the idea that Americans were destined by God to settle North American from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean
Spread democracy and republicanism
Spread Protestantism
Support American’s growing population