1. Manifest Destiny America Claims a Continent

2. Manifest Destiny Other people “must give way to our manifest destiny to overspread and possess the whole of the continent which __________ has given us for the development the great experiment in liberty.” – John L. O’Sullivan (1845)

3. Election of 1840

4. President John Tyler Elected in 1840 as Harrison’s Vice Pres. First VP to succeed to presidency Nominally a Whig, actually an anti-Jackson Democrat Becomes a president without a party Dubbed "His Accidency" by his detractors, John Tyler was the first Vice President to be elevated to the office of President by the death of his predecessor. Henry Clay and Daniel Webster attempted to control presidency – Harrison and later Tyler Tyler would not give in to Clay’s National Bank although he was willing to compromise When the Whig Congress passes a similar Bank bill Tyler vetoes it on the grounds of states rights Whig’s dismiss Tyler from the Whig Party Although a states right advocate Tyler strengthened the __________ Replaced the Whig cabinet with __________ Spread the developing sectional cleavage wider

5. Election of 1844 Early Candidates John Tyler MartinVan Buren Democrat INDEPENDENTS PARTY LEADERS Whig John C. Calhoun Henry Clay

6. Election of 1844 Surviving Candidates Both Whigs and Democrats expected party loyalty: commitment to the party was a characteristic of both parties during the 1840s. Whigs: Henry Clay – nominated on the first and only ballot No Party Platform – a statement of general principals: Well-regulated currency Tariff to defray the necessary expenses of the government & for the protection of domestic labor “No position” on annexation of TX Democrats: James K. Polk Favor annexation of Texas & all of Oregon “Reoccupation of Oregon and reannexation of Texas” “Fifty-four Forty or Fight” Liberty Party (Anti-slavery) James Birney Opposed annexation

7. Election of 1844 Clay 1,299,062 Polk 1,337,243 Birney 62,300 NEW YORK – 36 Electoral Votes Birney receives 15,800 votes in New York Clay looses New York by 5,100 votes Birney probably drew his support from Clay votes If Clay wins New York he wins the Election 141 to 134

8. Polk’s Program 1. __________ __________ 2. Reestablish an __________ __________ 3. Settlement of __________ _________ dispute 4. Acquisition of __________ from Mexico

10. The Santa Fe Trail 1845

11. The Oregon Territory (Joint Occupancy)

12. The Oregon Trail

13. Became a tireless promoter of the West __________ Oregon Trail Explored Far West and California His reports helped spark Easterners’ interest John Charles Frémont (The “Pathfinder”)

14. Fort Laramie Treaty (1851) Between US and tribes of the northern plains US would: Compensate tribes for damage caused by _______ _______ Confine wagon trains to __________ __________ Prevent __________ Tribes would: Stop attacking __________ __________ Allow army to build forts along __________ __________ Confine themselves to __________ __________ Concept of “specified areas” created intellectual foundation for later __________ system