1. Welcome to BIO 181 L

2. Are you in the right room? Section 26 Koffler 430 – Tuesday 5:00 – 7:50 PM Section 30 Koffler 430 – Wednesday 8:00 – 10:50

3. Instructor Lynn Massey Email : lmassey @ email. arizona. edu lmassey @ email. arizona. edu Sections : 26 and 30 Koffler Room 430 Friday 11:00 – 12:00 noon

4. Office Hours I’m only in my office hours if you ask me to be I am more than willing to meet personally with you on another day if you need

5. Notecards On the notecard please write: – Your name – Major – Class (Freshman…Senior?) – How much music on your iPod is illegally downloaded

6. Now Say Hi to each other Take 5 and get to know the people at your lab bench

7. Course Homepage http://www.blc.arizona.edu/courses/181lab or http://www.mcb.arizona.edu/courses/181lab http://www.mcb.arizona.edu/courses/181lab

8. Important Tabs Course homepage – Instructor Tab – Section 26 or 30 under my picture – Access to class calendar and links to assignments

9. Course Software ADOBE SHOCKWAVE PLAYER – Course Homepage – Software Tab – Left Column under “General” Find “Get Shockwave” link and download program

10. Course Software Bio181L_GO – Is a folder that contains all the programs you will need for homework – Course Homepage  Software  Links for “MAC” and “WIN” at top of page – DOWNLOAD AND KEEP!!!! – This is how you will access your homework

11. Course Software Bio181L_Go package – Has various homework assignments – The most important one is ASSESSOR This contains the majority of your online tutorials

12. Resources You have endless resources in this course Get to know the website- it will be helpful There are tutorials and detailed instructions with EVERY assignment Taking note of these will save us time in class

13. Syllabus Course homepage- link is in right column READ for next week – Questions from syllabus included on next week’s quiz and this week’s homework

14. Asya Roberts Asya handles absences- not me If you know in advance you will miss a lab, see her IMMEDIATELY BSE Room 109, Mon-Fri: 800AM- 200PM is her general schedule

15. Plagiarism Contract Page xiii of Lab Manual – Sign and return to me by beginning of lab next week – Having a signed syllabus will be 10 points of your first quiz

16. HOMEWORK Online assignments due by 10:00 PM the night before lab CARE NOW!!!! Not at the end of the semester……

17. Weekly Quizzes Quiz in the first ten minutes of class every week Used as late penalty Material covers current day’s lab and concepts you need to complete the lab READ lab manual….it will save time

18. Create 181L Account Homepage Left Column- MCB 181L Homework Account Enroll in your section (Tues 26/ Wed 30) Create a password and WRITE IT DOWN- this is what you will use the rest of the course

19. LAB 1: MOLECULAR TAO

20. The World is made of Atoms Made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons

21. Review of Terminology Nucleus (the center)= protons (+ charge) and neutrons (neutral charge) Electrons (- charge) - rotate AROUND the nucleus

22. Periodic Table of Elements (0-1 Lab Manual) The number below the elemental symbol refers to the amount of PROTONS in the nucleus – This EQUALS THE NUMBER OF ELECTRONS rotating about the nucleus – This is meant to BALANCE THE CHARGE

23. BUT Atoms “prefer” to have EIGHT electrons in their outermost shell- based off a mathematical model This fact is what characterizes how atoms will BOND with other atoms….creating a MOLECULE (many atoms)

24. Review The rings around the atoms are a way to depict “orbitals” or the “electron shell” – which is the space where electrons reside Atoms like to have EIGHT electrons in their OUTERMOST orbital or electron shell (EXCEPT HYDROGEN AND HELIUM)

25. Electronegativity A characteristic that describes how BADLY an atom wants an electron This property determines how the atom will bond and HOW MANY bonds it will make

26. The GENERAL trend

27. How badly do atoms want electrons? The CLOSER an atom is to having the full eight electrons in the outer shell, the MORE they want electrons= the more electronegative they are Elements are organized into columns on the PTE to denote how many electrons are still needed

28. Everyone wants to be a noble gas Every atom seeks to be like the gases in the right hand column of the periodic table These elements already have eight electrons in the outer shell The column number indicates how many more electrons the element needs to have eight total

29. How many bonds? However many electrons are missing from the outer shell is how many bonds the atom will make EX: Nitrogen- in column 5, meaning it needs 3 more electrons, meaning it will bond 3 times NH3 Ammonia

30. Example: Ammonia

31. Bonding Covalent Ionic Hydrogen interactions These are discussed in GREAT DETAIL in your homework- this review will be BRIEF

32. Covalent Bonding The SHARING of electrons If an atom needs more electrons to reach the desired eight, it BONDS to another atom

33. Example

34. Polar vs. Nonpolar Covalent This is a VERY essential concept to being successful in this course and understanding today’s exercise

35. Polar The electrons shared in the covalent bond spend MORE TIME ROTATING ABOUT THE MORE ELECTRONEGATIVE ATOM UNEQUAL SHARING OF ELECTRONS BETWEEN ATOMS Results in partial charges on each atom

36. THE Example: Water

37. What creates the charge? How many protons does oxygen have? How many electrons does oxygen have? How many does it have it the two electrons from water is rotating around it? Is this a charge balance? It’s kind of like sharing a playstation

38. Polar Interactions Molecules with polar covalent bonding tend to be attracted to OTHER molecules with polar covalent bonding Why? Because charges attract each other

39. Nonpolar EQUAL SHARING OF ELECTRONS This occurs most regularly in molecules with a lot of C – H bonds Carbon and hydrogen have the same electronegativity- no partial sharing

40. Example:

41. Nonpolar interactions There are none. There is no partial charge to be attracted to anything Nonpolar substances don’t care about anyone Oils are common examples The playstation spends the same amount of time at each person’s house

42. Ionic Bonding Arises due to the attraction of opposite charges One atom steals the electron= has total ownership over electron

43. Hydrogen “Interactions” Happens BETWEEN molecules Does NOT MEAN A BOND WITH HYDROGEN Is the INTERACTION of hydrogen with an electronegative atom, such as oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine Example: Network of water molecules

45. Today’s Lab Activity Computer desktops- Lab 1 Tao Stack Exercise Work in groups of 4 Have one person READ passages OUT LOUD

46. Discussion Points Why did water “bead up” on wax paper? Why did adding salt to the alcohol mixtures create a layer for the propanol mixture? Why did the pepper flakes “flee” the toothpick dipped in detergent?

47. CLEAN UP This is your responsibility, not the prep staff’s Please return everything at your station back to normal Bio 181L homepage- bottom right link says “weekly cleanup”- follow that

48. Homework for next week Signed plagiarism contract Assessor: “181 Lab Intro” Assessor: “Molecular World Tutorial” “Atoms and Molecules” – Crosswords OR OR OR VocabuWary – VIA BIO181_ GO package

49. For Homework You must download the BIO181_GO package and access the homework there OR access it via the Software tab on the website, but downloading the package works better The website is less secure, it functions slower than the BIO181L_GO package

50. Extra Slides

51. Why do belly flops hurt?