1. Accessory Organs in Digestion
Pg 222 Sec 12.2

2. The Pancreas
Flat
Elongated
Located deep along back of abdomen

3. Function: Make pancreatic juices-
i)Sodium bicarbonate( NaHCO3) : neutralizes chyme
ii) Enzymes:
-pancreatic amylase (starch)
-trypsin (proteins
-lipase ( fats)
Juices travel to duodenum via duct from pancreas

4. Function: II. Make hormones to regulate blood sugar i) insulin
ii) glucagon

5. The insulin – glucagon relationship

6. i) INSULIN RESPONSE
You eat a meal
Levels of glucose in blood rise
Pancreas releases INSULIN
CELLS take up sugar & LIVER forms glycogen from excess glucose
Blood sugars lower

7. ii) GLUCAGON RESPONSE
You have NOT eaten in a long time…
Levels of glucose in blood DROP
Pancreas releases GLUCAGON
Liver breaks down glycogen to release glucose
Blood sugar levels RISE

8. THE LIVER: `gatekeeper to the blood`

9. Liver Large, in top right of abdomen 2 main lobes
*100,000 smaller `lobules` form structural units
Blood vessels from villi in sm. intestine merge into
HEPATIC PORTAL VEIN which leads to the liver

11. 6 Functions of the LIVER Detoxifies Blood
- removes poisonous substances
- Also removes & stores iron, vitamins A,D,E, K
2. Helps Maintain Glucose Levels- homeostasis= 100mg glucose/100ml
-after eating stores glucose as glycogen
-between meals breaks down glycogen to release glucose
3. Produces Bile
-to break down (emulsify) fat

12. 6 Functions of the Liver
4) Breaks down hemoglobin in Red Blood Cells -forms bilirubin -pigment in bile 5) Makes Urea -from broken down amino acids 6) Makes blood proteins -from amino acids

13. Gallbladder Small, Pear-shaped Sac Below Liver FXN:
Stores & Releases bile
Bile travels via duct to duodenum
Bile emulsifies fat (breaks globs into small drops)

15. What Happens When the Parts Don’t Work…
Doctor can you please explain to me..
Why is poop brown
What causes constipation
Are polyps on the colon a cause for concern
4) Why is Jaundice in babies a concern
5) What causes cirrhosis of the liver
6) How does diet relate to gall stones