2. importance of self and fulfillment of potential

3. Personality = how you feel about yourself, how you are meeting your “goals”

4. Free will Self-awareness Psychological growth Focus on healthy personality Individual’s conscious, subjective opinion of self is most important

6. sense of being loved and valued by other people--can be conditional or unconditional

7. I love you when you are doing what I approve of- if not, I will withdraw my love...

8. I love you no matter what you say or do I still might be mad, but you know I love you- you can tell me anything

10. Food, Water, Oxygen, Etc Economic and Physical security (Health and Job) Self-Esteem, Confidence and Respect Significant Other, Family and Friends Morality, Lack of Prejudice

13. Difficult to test or validate scientifically Too optimistic, minimizes some of the more destructive aspects of human nature

14. understanding personality involves considering the situation and thoughts before, during, and after an event

16. Belief that people have about their ability to meet demands of a specific situation (successful or not)

19. May not reflect the complexity of human interactions Ignores the influences of unconscious, emotions, and conflicts

20. Description and measurement of personality differences

21. A relatively stable predisposition to behave in a certain way

23. The Five-Factor Model of Personality

24. Doesn’t explain why & how of personality (description only) Doesn’t address how motives, unconscious, or beliefs about self affect personality development

25. Test is useful if it achieves two basic goals: Accurately and consistently reflects a person’s characteristics Predicts future psychological functioning or behavior

26. Standardized questions about your own behavior and feelings The answers are then compared to established norms...

27. Most widely used self-report inventory Originally designed to assess mental health and detect psychological symptoms

29. Has over 500 “true/false” questions Includes “lying scales”...why??

30. Standardized—each person receives same instructions and responds to same questions Use of established norms: very objective!

31. Evidence that people can “fake” responses to look better (or worse) Tests contain hundreds of items and become tedious People may not be good judges of their own behavior

34. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) what is going on in the picture? what has happened just before the event depicted? what will happen next?

35. Personality tests that provide ambiguous stimuli to trigger projection of one’s inner thoughts and feelings

36. Rorschach Inkblot Test A set of 10 inkblots, without no discernible patterns or images, are presented to a patient. Subjects identify what they think the inkblot looks like, and researchers interpret those identifications as personality characteristics.

38. uses real pictures of objects or people participant is asked to say what is going on in the picture, what has happened just before the event depicted and what will happen afterwards. Like the inkblot, because the scene is ambiguous, the individual will project onto the scene something of themself and in this way their 'inner' or hidden self will be revealed. The validity of projective tests is very difficult to assess and therefore they must be used with extreme caution.

39. what is going on in the picture? what has happened just before the event depicted? what will happen next? Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)