1. CHAPTER 7 Animal classification Key science words vertebrate
invertebrate
symmetry

2. TRAITS OF ANIMALS Animals are consumers
Must take in food from their surroundings
Some animals eat plants, others eat other animals
Animals digest and store food in their bodies

3. Most animals can move from place to place
Animals are multicellular organisms
Cells are grouped into tissues and organs that form systems
Most animals have a nervous, digestive, and reproductive system

4. TWO GROUPS OF ANIMALS Vertebrates animals with backbones
fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds
Invertebrates
animals without a backbone
worms, and insects

5. SYMMETRY
BALANCED ARRAINGEMENT OF BODY PARTS AROUND A CENTER POINT OR ALONG A CENTER LINE
Two types of symmetry
Radial
Bilateral

6. SYMMETRY
Radial
Body parts are arranged in a circle around a central point
Ex. A sea anemone fig 7-1b

7. SYMMETRY
Bilateral
The body can be divided lengthwise into two equal sides, a right side and a left side
This includes all vertebrates and some invertebrates
The animal must have a head and a tail end, and an upper and lower half

8. REVIEW OF TRAITS
1. Animals can’t make food, they must catch it and eat it
2. Most animals can move from place to place
3. Animals have many cells
4. Most animals have some type of symmetry

9. 9 MAJOR GROUPS OF CLASSIFICATION
Sponges, stinging celled animals, 3 worm phyla, soft-bodied animals, jointed-leg animals, spiny skinned animals, chordates
Sponges are the smallest phyla, jointed- leg animals are the largest, refer to fig. 7-2

10. SPONGES AND STINGING-CELLED ANIMALS
Simple Invertebrates
Have pores
Do not move on their own
Live in salt and fresh water
Water comes in through the pores and out through a hole at the top center of the body, food from the water gets trapped by food getting cells inside the body

11. SPONGES CONT. Two cell layers thick Have no muscles or nerve cells
No tissues, organs, or organ systems
Reproduce sexually or asexually, by egg and sperm, or by budding
Sponges are asymmetrical lacking symmetry

13. STINGING-CELLED ANIMALS
Animals with stinging cells
Hollow sac-like bodies
Lack organs
Live in the ocean and in fresh water
Examples: jellyfish, coral, sea fan

14. Stinging-celled cont.
Have arm-like parts call tentacles that surround the mouth
Have RADIAL symmetry
A body cavity contains an opening called the mouth
It’s the only way into and out of the body

15. Stinging-celled cont
Attach themselves to the ocean bottom with or to rocks with a structure called a disc
Do not move from place to place
How do they catch their food?
With their tentacles

17. WORMS Worms are invertebrates
3 phyla---flatworms, roundworms, segmented worms

18. Tentacles contain poison darts that stuns the animal that touches them
We                 
Tentacles contain poison darts that stuns the animal that touches them
Food enters through the mouth and undigested food leaves through the mouth
Reproduce sexually and asexually

19. FLATWORMS Simplest worms
Flat body, 3 layers of cells, outer, middle, and a thick middle layer
Most flatworms are parasites
Parasites live in or on other living things getting food from them (called the host)

20. TAPEWORM Flat ribbon-like body divided into sections
Live in the intestine of almost any kind of vertebrate
Have suckers and hooks that hold onto the sides of the intestine
They absorb food that has already been digested

21. TAPEWORM CONT.
Tapeworms in humans are not as common as in other countries
In the us waste is treated with chemicals at sewage plants
Meat is inspected for cysts
However always cook your meat well
Copy down the life-cycle of a tapeworm into your notes pg 143

22. ROUNDWORMS Have long bodies with pointed ends 3 layers of cells
Some cannot be seen without a microscope
Many are parasites
Hosts are people, dogs, cats, plants

23. ROUNDWORMS CONT Found in the soil
Hookworms are parasites of people, they enter through the skin of the feet, once inside they move to the intestine, and feed on the hosts blood
Refer to figure 7-11

24. ROUNDWORMS CONT Have long rounded bodies
Has a mouth and an anus (first animal to have a 2 way gut)
First animal to have an intestine
Males and females are separate animals, first animal to have separate sexes

25. SEGMENTED WORMS Bodies divided into sections called segments
3 cell layers
Most complex of the worms
Live in salt water, fresh water and on land
Ex: leech, earthworm

26. SEGMENTED WORMS CONT Segments have muscles Have a mouth and an anus
Has an intestine
Two blood vessels
5 pairs of simple hearts that carry oxygen and food to all the cells
Has nerves and a simple brain
Separate sexes

27. SOFT-BODIES ANIMALS Soft body protected by a hard shell
Body covered by a thin fleshy tissue called a mantle (mantle makes the shell)
Have a muscular foot for moving
Have a head with a mouth with teeth

28. 1st CLASS OF SOFT-BODIED ANIMALS
Snails and slugs
Live on land and in the water
Glide using a muscular foot
snails(shell) slugs(no shell)
Snail has two tentacles (sense organs)
Contain eyes that detect light

29. 2nd class Clams, oysters, scallops Have two shells that fit together
Have a muscular foot
Live buried in the sand and filter water to get food

30. 3rd class Octopus, squid, cuttlefish
Squid, cuttlefish have shells inside their bodies
Octopus has no shell
Have tentacles surrounding the head
Well developed eyes
Rapid swimmers

31. Features of soft-bodied animals review
1 all are invertebrates
2 soft body covered by a mantle
3 most have 1 or 2 external shells, or an internal shell
4 most have a foot by which they move about

33. will consider the 9 phyla shown below.