1. Review of Layers of the Atmosphere

2. Heat Transfer
Heat transfer is the movement of thermal energy from a warmer item to a cooler item.
Remember, heat moves in predictable ways, from a high to a low.

3. The thermal energy goes from HOT areas to COLD. The heat goes OUT
If I open the front door, does the heat go OUT or does the cold come IN?
The thermal energy goes from HOT areas to COLD. The heat goes OUT

5. Heating of the Earth

6. The Sun provides most of Earth’s energy.

7. The Sun’s energy can be
Reflected back into space by clouds, particles, or Earth’s surface
Absorbed by the atmosphere
Absorbed by the surface- land and water

8. This heat energy causes wind and ocean currents.

9. Three types of heat transfer
Conduction
Convection
Radiation

10. Conduction Conduction is heat transfer through solids.
The transfer of heat between substances that are in direct contact.

11. Examples: Your feet transfer (conduct) heat to a cold tile floor
A spoon placed in hot soup becomes warmer as the spoon conducts heat away from the hot soup

12. Conduction examples

13. Conductors are materials that allow heat to pass through easily.
Ex. Metals are the best conductors of heat, whereas air is the worst conductor of heat.
Which one(s) are good conductors?

14. Insulators are materials that do not allow heat to pass through easily
Examples: glass, ceramics and rubber

15. Which spoon is a conductor? Which spoon is an insulator?
Which spoon would you choose to stir with and why?

16. Convection: transfer of heat from one place to another through circulation of material.
Example, heat flowing through air or water

18. In the ocean, warm currents move heat from the equator to higher latitudes through convection currents.
More direct light at the equator = warmer ocean temperatures at the equator

19. Convection occurs in fluids
A fluid is defined as a liquid or gas because fluids have the ability to flow from one place to another
Solids, however, maintain their position

21. Convection within the Earth
Divergent Boundary
Mid Ocean Ridge
Convergent Boundary
Trench
Material in the mantle is heated by the outer core and it rises, pushing apart the plates of the crust

22. How do you feel the Sun’s heat even when you aren’t in direct contact with it?

23. Radiation: transfer of heat from one place to another in the form of rays or waves.
Examples heat from the sun, microwave

24. Heat can travel in waves without a medium (a liquid, solid, or gas).
Radiation is the term that describes heat movement without a medium of matter.

25. Review
Conduction
Convection
Radiation

27. Convection
Conduction
Conduction

28. Radiation
Convection
Radiation
Conduction

29. Can you explain why you feel warm when you are standing away from a campfire?
Radiation
Why does a carpeted floor feel warmer to bare feet than tile even though both surfaces are the same temperature?
Better conductor

30. What information would you need in order to predict whether heat transfer would occur when two objects or materials interact?
Are they the same temperature? If no, then heat will flow from the hotter object to the colder one.
Is it an insulating material or a conducting material? If it is insulating, there will be little or no heat transfer.

31. Name each type of heat transfer

32. Review Videos http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/heattransfer/
(with audio)
PBS heat transfer tutorial
Heat transfer song, by Mr. Parr