1. Harry Sawchuk, Teacher Educator Tuesday, January 29 th 3:30-4:20 Theatre (F213) FREE MEMBERSHIP and RESOURCE CD

2. PHED 1027 CHAPTER 2 Professionals & Professionalism

3. Overview Characteristics of a Profession Process of professionalization Semiprofessions, mimic professions, deprofessionalization Sport & physical activity – professional status? Professionalism vs. Volunteerism

4. BODY OF KNOWLEDGE PROFESSIONAL AUTHORITY COMMUNITY SANCTION CODE OF ETHICS Characteristics of a Profession

5. Body of Knowledge Generate knowledge – research, experiences Knowledge transmission Training program

6. Professional Authority Canadian Sports Massage Therapy Association Provide service Knowledge differential Knowledge monopoly

7. Community Sanction Admit, monitor and evaluate members Punish members for failure to meet standards Recognition from society – levels of government Control over the profession is given to the national association Ontario College of Teachers Canadian Physiotherapy Association Canadian Athletic Therapists Association

8. Code of Ethics Maintain quality of service Impartiality Rationality Canadian Medical Association – “Do No Harm” Ontario College of Teachers Canadian Physiotherapy Association Coaches Association of Canada

9. The Process of Professionalization Essentiality – life or death; PE vs. Literacy? Exclusivity – monopoly over services Complexity – varied “treatments” (recall consumer vs. professional services)

10. Model of Professionalization Professional Status EssentialityExclusivityAutonomyComplexity

11. What are the professions related to Sport and PHE?

12. The Profession Continuum... ????

13. Semiprofessions Autonomy  Degree of control over the client  Degree of control of the organization over the profession Teaching, nursing, exercise physiology, social work, athletic director, coaching, sports psychologist

14. Mimic Professions Professions that have built an image that exceeds their credibility Examples?

15. Deprofessionalization Forces counteracting an occupation’s drive for the status of a profession  Educational level of clients  Mastery of skills and knowledge by the public  Technology has increased accessibility to knowledge & skills

16. Why do we get less respect? We are considered “leisure time activities” We do not solve “immediate problems” Field is not focused around clearly defined subject matter – multidisciplinary knowledge base Lack of a unified voice We do not enjoy professional authority (as defined by the knowledge differential)

17. So, is it important to become a “profession”? The ideals of a “profession” should guide our work We can exhibit a high degree of professionalism without be classified as a profession Strengthen these characteristics:  Application of skills  Advanced education & training  Formal testing and admission requirements  Professional associations  Code of ethics/conduct  Sense of responsibility for serving the public

18. Professional Associations (National/International) CCUPEKA CAHPERD CAC CCSS(C) NSCA CSEP AASP CKA AAHPERD

19. Do YOU Believe? The PHE profession and its professionals are authorities in the field? The profession provides an important service to society? The profession should be regulated by its members? That you have a sense of calling? That you have the right to make decisions without approval of others?

20. Then.... YOU are well-suited to PHE!!!!

21. Professionalism and Volunteerism Blurred boundaries  Professional volunteers  Volunteering professionals If conflict exists:  Focus on SERVICE and SELF-DEVELOPMENT  Serving Clients – learning, acting, serving  Maintain professionalism without rigidity!

22. If you are in a PAID leadership role... Will you distance yourself from your volunteers? Will you be willing to do some of the “dirty work”? Will you see your volunteers as key assets in your organization? Will you focus on achieving the goals of the organization, and involve your volunteers in the process? Will you offer opportunities to your volunteers to increase their knowledge and skill? Will you recognize your volunteers?

23. Image Building YOU and your profession must convince society that your services are essential, exclusive, and complex! In this way, your profession will gain recognition and control over its own activities Image building activity – Radio commercial

24. For Thursday... Read Chapter 3 – Clients as human Resources

25. Who are CLIENTS??? Spectators Participants Students Customers Other? They are all RESOURCES, but...

26. They are also  Co-producers (engaged in the process in some way)  Products (the outcome of the process – fitness?) Human services aim to TRANSFORM the client

27. CLIENTS are: Inputs (Resources) Throughputs (Co-producers) Outputs (Products) Chelladurai, 2006

28. The CHALLENGE... Engaging the client to be a co-producer In other words, getting the client to sweat! COMPLIANCE is a major challenge for us What factors contribute to non-compliance?

29. Key Factors Time Accessibility Fitness level Motivation Leadership How do you address these?

30. Pay attention to those you can modify (e.g. Facilities/leadership) Offer programs that meet the needs of clients  LISTEN to them!  Why do they seek your services??

31. Motives..... Pursuit of pleasure (hedonism) Pursuit of skill Pursuit of excellence Pursuit of health and fitness (extrinsic) Or any combination of the above... Could we add “pursuit of affiliation”? (YOUTH) Chelladurai, 1992

32. Compliance Intrinsic vs. extrinsic motives - what is the difference? Which motives are more challenging of us to secure compliance? EXTRINSIC motives  School gym class  Sports training group

33. SO.... It is important to determine the primary purpose for participation in your program to enhance compliance and better meet the needs of your clients. It will be more challenging to motivate clients in activities in which the rewards are delayed (extrinsic)

34. Programming for Client Motives North Bay YMCA Nipissing University Fitness Classes Apollo Gymnastics Club

35. QUIZ REVIEW Leadership  Definition  Behaviour vs. Skills  Qualities  Leadership vs. management Communication  Definition  Types, levels  Non-verbal, verbal  Space, touch, active listening  Feedback, barriers

36. QUIZ, continued... Organisations & Human Resources  Characteristics of a service  Professional vs. Consumer services Volunteering  Significance of volunteering in Canada  Who are the volunteers  Why people volunteer (U, A, N)  Recruiting and keeping volunteers Professionalism  Characteristics  Process of professionalization

37. QUIZ, continued... Profession continuum  Semiprofessions, mimic professions, deprofessionalization  Ideals of a profession Clients  Who, what why  Compliance challenges  Motives