1. On Science Diplomacy – B(rev) Rodney W. Nichols rod.nichols@verizon.net 6 March 2014 The Rockefeller University 3/6/2014 – B1

2. A Complex Scene S&T – based Actions Global Challenges Context for Trip to Washington, DC

3. 3/6/2014 – B2 Complex Interactions Diplomacy Science and Technology National Institutions Resources for Economic Development International Institutions

4. 3/6/2014 – B3

5. How Nations May Think About Diplomacy and Development Understand Technological Assets: – i.e., strengths, weaknesses, and goals Stress Science-Rich Diplomatic Opportunities: – e.g., health trends, peacekeeping, natural emergencies View Science and Education as Global Investment: – e.g., incentives to minimize “free riders” 3/6/2014 – B4

6. Recognize the Consequences of R+D Trends: Where and how to share benefits and spread risks of pioneering 3/6/2014 – B5

7. A Global Case: Particle Physics Frontier After the Higgs discovery, what to do? Next generation of accelerators will be expensive Fiscal constraints rise around most of the globe China’s and India’s talent and ambition are needed North America, Europe and Japan will be partners Congressional Attitudes are skeptical see: Nigel Lockyer, Director of Fermi Lab, Nature, Vol. 504, 19/26 Dec. 2013 3/6/2014 – B6

8. Strengthen International Roles of S & T – Intensive Agencies: e.g. for US: NSF, NIH, EPA, DOE, NASA, DA, Commerce, and OSTP roles. DOD and State fund (too?) much of the “science diplomacy.” e.g. Assuring competitiveness is both a threat and a goal, dependent upon each nation’s S+T agencies. 3/6/2014 – B7

9. Global Challenges Dual Use Technologies – e.g. Mol. Bio. For Drugs and Medical Technology vis-à-vis BW Internet & Social Media + Cyber Security – scenarios for collaboration, for Defense and for Attack Scientific Cooperation vs. Economic Competition – how to balance Confidence-Building vis-à-vis narrow success metrics The Urgent vis-à-vis The Important – e.g. nonproliferation of nuclear weapons, protection of human rights of scientists and engineers 3/6/2014 – B8

10. Motivations Goethe: On Science: “To one man it is the highest thing, heavenly goddess; to another it is a productive and proficient cow, who supplies them with butter.” Einstein: On public responsibility: “Concern for man and his destiny must be the chief concern of technological effort- never forget it among your diagrams and equations.”

11. Selected Executive Agencies and Congressional Committees with Interest at the Intersection of Science and Technology with International Affairs (1992) 3/6/2014 – B10 N.B. General Pattern still the case in 2014.

12. 3/6/2014 – B11

13. U.S. Total Net Economic Engagement with Developing Countries, 2010 Source: The Center for Global Prosperity, Hudson Institute, 2011 3/6/2014 – B12 $30.4 $326.4

14. Headline: US at top; China closing in fast 2014 Global R+D Funding Forecast Total Funding (PPP)%GlobalRate of Growth US$504B31slowing China$284B17rising *source: Battelle, Dec 2013 3/6/2014 – B13

15. 3/6/2014 – B14

16. 3/6/2014 – B15 Life Science Industry R&D Spending *Source: Battelle, Dec. 2013 2014 Global R+D Funding Forecast

17. Technology daily outstrips the ability of our institutions to cope with its fruits Henry Kissinger UN 1973 Advances in science and technology are outdistancing the capacity of existing international organizations to deal with them Cyrus Vance UN Association, 1975 3/6/2014 – B17 Is Washington Doing Better?

18. Science Diplomacy In Brief Compelling Opportunities in Research Urgent Global Needs Organizational Complexity Initiatives for Cooperation

19. “Pathways to Freedom: Political and Economic Lessons from Democratic Transitions”, Coleman and Lawson-Renner, CFR, 2013. Examines: MexicoIndonesia BrazilThailand PolandUkraine South AfricaNigeria Paradise Beneath Her Feet: How Women Are Transforming the Middle East Isobel Coleman Random House, 2010, 2013 3/6/2014 – B18