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7th Grade World History Laura Green Sarah Thomason Sheena Striker
Greece: Resource Unit 7th Grade World History Laura Green Sarah Thomason Sheena Striker
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Introduction to Greece
When one looks around our culture, the influence of ancient Greece becomes very apparent. Our modern day theatre, philosophy, sports, and politics all have roots in ancient Greece. This makes it very important for students to understand the ancient Greek civilization so that they might understand the impact that it plays in their own lives.
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This unit will look at the beginning of the Greek civilization and the military, economic, and cultural factors that helped shaped it. It will begin with the early Greeks (the Minoans and Mycenaeans) and follow its growth into a dominant power in the world through Alexander the Great. Besides the historical and military events, the unit will also focus on Greek culture and its influence both then and now.
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Objectives Students should be able to after covering the unit:
The Early Greeks: Know the physical geography of Greece and its impact on how the early Greeks made a living and their culture developed Identify the Minoans; understand the impact that the palace at Knossos had for archaeologists and their understanding of the Minoan civilization; know that explanations for the collapse of the Minoan civilization Know that the Mycenaeans were the first Greek kings; Be able to explain what the Mycenaean kingdoms were like and where their power came from Differentiate between fact and fiction regarding the Trojan War. Know what the Greek Dark Age is and its impact
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Explain what a colony is and how the rise of colonies shaped ancient Greece and its economy
Understand the terms and explain the impact they have on modern words and ideas: polis, acropolis, agora, city-state, citizen Describe the difference between city-states and modern day cities; explain what it meant to be a citizen in ancient Greece
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Sparta and Athens Discuss why the rule of nobles was short lived and how it led to the rise of tyrants; Explain how the rule of tyrants led to the rise of oligarchies and democracies. Summarize what life and government was like in Sparta, emphasizing the importance of the military Summarize what life and especially government was like in Athens; identify key people such as Solon and Peisistratus Explain how these two cultures impact our lives today
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Persian Wars Identify who the Persians were and know where they came from; identify important individuals (Cyrus the Great, Darius) Explain what the Persian Empire was like and what Zoroastrianism is Summarize the Persian Wars and identify the major battles and generals; explain why the Persian Empire fell
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Age of Pericles Discuss the importance of the Delian League and how alliances often lead to war (ex. WWI) Compare and contrast direct and representative democracies; explain how Athens has impacted our own government Identify Pericles and discuss how he impacted Athens Explain the causes and events of the Peloponnesian War
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Alexander the Great Greek Culture
Identify Macedonia and Phillip II and how they impacted Greece Explain who Alexander the Great is and how his conquests impacted the ancient world Explain what became of Alexander the Great’s empire Greek Culture Understand Greek mythology and identify the major gods; explain how it impacted Greek culture Discuss Greek poetry and fables; identify important writers like Homer and Aesop Describe Greek drama and its different types of plays; explain how it influences us today; identify important writers of Greek drama
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Differentiate between Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian style architecture; identify Greek buildings and the influence of Greek architecture in modern buildings Identify the major Greek philosophers and schools of thought Summarize how the ancient Greeks impacted science and math Explain how Greek culture spread throughout the ancient world
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Content This unit will take about 4 weeks to complete and will use Glencoe’s World History Journey Across Time: The Early Ages textbook. The textbook divides Greece between chapters 4 and 5.
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Chapter 4: The Ancient Greeks
Section 1: The Early Greeks Geography of Greece The Minoans Crete, Minoan economy, collapse of the Minoans The First Greek Kingdoms The Mycenaeans, their economy and power, the Trojan War, The Dark Age, the Dorians, Peloponnesus, the Greek Alphabet A Move to Colonize The establishment of Greek colonies, growth of trade The Polis Greek City-States and their setup, citizenship vs. subjects, military power
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4-1 Terms and Concepts Peninsula Crete Minoans Knossos Mycenaeans
Agamemnon Trojan War Dark Age Peloponnesus The Greek Alphabet Phoenicians Colonies Parent Colony City-State Polis Acropolis Agora Citizenship Hoplites
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Section 2: Sparta and Athens
Tyranny in the City-States Rule of the nobles after the Dark Age, challenge to their rule by farmers, rise and rule of tyrants the emergence of oligarchies and democracies Sparta Importance of military Sparta’s Government Life in Sparta Athens Life in Athens Democracy in Athens: how it worked
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4-2 Terms and Concepts Tyrant Oligarchy Democracy Sparta Athens Helots
Ephors Solon Peisistratus Cleisthenes Council of 500 Lottery system
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Section 3:Persia Attacks the Greeks
The Persian Empire The Persians and their rise the Persian government: divisions, professional troops Persian religion: Zoroastrianism The Persian Wars Greek colonies and rebellion against the Persian Empire Battles of Marathon, Thermopylae, Salamis, and Plataea The fall of the Persian Empire
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4-3 Terms and Concepts Persia Cyrus the Great Royal Road Darius
Satrapies The Immortals Zoroastrianism Marathon Pheidippides Xerxes Leonidas Themistocles Thermopylae Salamis Plataea
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Section 4: Age of Pericles
The Athenian Empire The Delian League Direct vs Representative Democracy The age of Pericles, the dominance of Athens, spread of democracy, “the school of Greece” Daily Life Athens= most populous Greek City-State Slaves, Athenian economy, men vs women The Peloponnesian War Sparta vs Athens Pericles’ Funeral Oration The defeat of Athens
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4-4 Terms and Concepts Delos Delian League Direct Democracy
Representative Democracy Generals Pericles The Age of Pericles Philosophers The School of Greece Slaves Imports Aspasia Pericles’ Funeral Oration
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Chapter 5:Greek Civilization
Section 1: The Culture of Ancient Greece Greek Mythology Myths, Gods and Goddesses, Mount Olympus, the Oracle at Delphi Greek Poetry and Fables Epic Poetry-Homer and the Illiad and Odyssey Aesop’s Fables Greek Drama Tragedies and comedies, Greek writers Greek Art and Architecture Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian styles, Parthenon, temples
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5-1 Terms Hermes Mount Olympus Oracle Delphi Croesus Epics
Illiad and Odyssey Homer Aesop Fables Drama Tragedy Comedy Sophocles Euripides Aeschylus Aristophanes Doric Ionic Corinthian Pathenon Myths Zeus Athena Apollo Ares Aphrodite Demeter Poseidon Hera Hades Hestia Artemis
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Section 2: Greek Philosophy and History
Greek Philosophers Philosophy and philosophers-teachers Pythagoras, Sophists, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle Impact of their ideas on today’s society Greek Historians Herodotus Thucydides
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5-2 Terms and Concepts Philosophy Philosophers Pythagoras Sophists
Socrates Socratic Method Plato The Republic Aristotle Lyceum “golden mean” Politics Herodotus Thucydides History of the Peloponnesian War
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Section 3: Alexander the Great
Macedonia Attacks Greece Philip II took over city-states, Battle of Chaeronea Alexander Builds an Empire Invaded Asia Minor and kept going east, defeating the Persians Made it to India, many soldiers died, Alexander died at age 32 He left behind a great legacy, beginning of the Hellenistic Era Empire fell apart after his death
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5-3 Terms and Concepts Macedonia Philip II Demosthenes Chaeronea
Alexander the Great Syria Granicus Alexandria Guagamela Legacy Hellenistic Era Pergamum Egypt Seleucid
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Section 4: The Spread of Greek Culture
Greek Culture Spreads Hellenistic Era=Greeks spread to SE Asia and Egypt New cities built with Greek architecture Many kings supported Greek writers Philosophy New types emerged: Epicureanism and Stoicism Greek Science and Math Major contributions in science and math Astronomy became important
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5-4 Terms and Concepts Greece’s Golden Age Rhodes Appolonius
Argonautica Theocritus Menander Epicureanism Zeno Stoicism Astronomers Aristarchus Eratosthenes Euclid Plane Geometry Archimedes Syracuse Solid Geometry pi
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Ancient Greece Lessons and Assessments
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Day 1: Geography Bodies of water: Mediterranean Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea, Sea of Marmara City-states: Thebes, Athens, Sparta, Troy, Mycenae Landforms: Mount Olympus Using the map in the book, label your map with the following countries, city-states, significant landforms and bodies of water in Ancient Greece. Countries: Greece, Crete, Macedonia, Asia Minor
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Day 1:Continued On the back of the map worksheet, answer the questions about Ancient Greece’s climate, topography, etc and how this effected the Greek way of life in ancient times. When everyone is finished we will fill in the map as a class and discuss the answers to the questions.
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Day 2-3:The Early Greeks Objective:
Students will be able to teach other students about the early people who settled Greece. Lesson: Students will be put into groups. Each group will be given a specific part of Early Greek history and will research and prepare a report for the rest of the class. Materials: Book, handout, pencil, paper, art supplies Assessment: Each student in the group will speak in from of the class or contribute to the group in some way. Each group will create a poster highlighting the significant points of their time period in Greek history.
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Day 4-5- Athens vs. Sparta Objective:
Students will know the main differences between the city-states of Athens and Sparta. Students will be able to identify the pros and cons of each city state and why they clashed. Materials: Book, pencil, paper Lesson: Students will fill out the worksheet provided answering questions about Athenian and Spartan societies. Students will also write a short essay on which city-state they would have liked to live in and why. They are to use specific examples and clear explanations. Assessment: Clearly stated essay and correct answers on the worksheet.
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Classical Greece- Days 6-7
Lesson: Using the website listed and the outline created, prepare your own notes of class. Cut and paste small sections of information into your outline. When you are finished print it off and turn it in. Assessment: Under each section of the outline students will have three or more facts listed. Objective: Students will create their own set of notes using information that is provided. Materials: Computer, outline, and website provided. Classical Greece
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Ancient Greece Web Quest! Day 8
Go to the Web Quest using the link provided and complete the activities to learn about daily life in Ancient Greece. Ancient Greece Web Quest! Assessment: Completion of Web Quest and presenting newspaper article to the class.
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Chapter Assessment- Day 9
Students will be given a chapter assessment. This test will consist of multiple choice questions, matching, and two essay questions. There will be a teacher led review before the test and students are to use their note packets to study.
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Greek Civilization
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Day 10 and 11- Greek Mythology
After watching a short video on Greek Mythology students will be taken to the library. Students will: use library or online resources to learn about one of the gods or goddesses of ancient Greece. assume the role of a god or goddess and write a first-person diary, report, or postcard.
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Materials Needed library and/or Internet resources about gods and goddesses paper, pencils, and art supplies Assessment Create a matching activity; students match ten of the gods' names in one column with their descriptions in the other column. Greek Mythology
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Day 12- The Olympics Go to the following website and find out about the Ancient Olympics. Take notes on what types of games they had, what prizes were one, who competed, and why? Now write a short essay on how the ancient games are similar and different to the games held today. The Olympics
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Day 13 Greek Literature- Short lecture over Homer and his works of The Illiad and The Odyssey and Aesop’s Fables. Discuss how Homer’s works explained the importance of the gods and goddesses in his story telling. Watch 13 minute video over Aesop’s Fables. For each fable, write what the moral of the story was and why it is good advice to follow. Assessment: Now write your own short fable. Be sure to have a moral or some type of advice in the story.
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Greek Drama, Art, and Architecture-Day 14
Objectives: Students will understand the difference between comedy and tragedy. Students will be able to describe Greek painting, sculpture and architecture. Students will know the difference between Doric, Ionic and Corinthian styles, and know why the Parthenon and other temples were built. Materials: Worksheet, pencil, web quest Lesson: Students will answer questions on the worksheet using the following links to access the information. They are able to work in pairs to complete the assignment. Ancient Greek Architecture Greek Theater Assessment: Completed worksheet with correct answers.
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Greek Philosophy and History-Day 15
Philosophy originated in ancient Greece during the 500's B.C. The word philosophy comes from two Greek words meaning love of wisdom. Many of the questions that were asked by Greek philosophers would today be considered subjects of scientific inquiry. The earliest philosophers speculated about the underlying substance of the universe and how the universe operated. Later philosophers investigated the nature of knowledge and reality and sought to define such notions as good and evil. Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle are considered the most important Greek philosophers. Socrates taught by carefully questioning his listeners to expose the weaknesses of their ideas and arguments. Plato explored such subjects as beauty, justice, and good government. Aristotle summed up the achievements of Greek philosophy and science. His authority on many topics remained unquestioned for more than 1,000 years. Most people in ancient Greece were suspicious of philosophers and their theories. They continued to believe in traditional values and traditional religion. In 399 B.C., an Athenian jury sentenced Socrates to death , charging him with corrupting young men and not believing in the gods of the city.
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Continued Lesson: Objective:
Through lecture and video segments students will learn about the major philosophers and their impact of Greek society. Students are to write down three facts about each philosopher and then share with three other people what they learned. Assessment: Being able to tell someone else what they learned about the philosophers. Explain how their ideas impacted today’s society. Objective: Students will know the most famous Greek philosophers and what their main area of focus was. Students will be able to explain what contributions each gave to Greek society Materials: Paper, pencil
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Alexander the Great and The Spread of Greek Culture
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Day 16 - Alexander the Great
Objective: Learn how Alexander the Great came to power and describe how his conquering allowed Greek culture to spread. Materials: Handout from teacher, pencil, paper. Alexander the Great Handout Instructions: Read the handout given, taking notes about the rise of Alexander the Great. When you are finished compare notes at least two other people. When finished we will discuss the information as a class. Assessment: A short quiz will be given over the handout.
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Day 17- The Spread of Greek Culture
Objective: Gain an understanding of the spread of Greek culture and how it would come to later influence cultures such as the Romans. Lesson: Students will read through section 4 of their book and complete the guided notes that are provided. Assessment: Question and answer secession after everyone has completed the notes.
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Day 18- Review Game Teacher led review of material covered in chapter. Students will be grouped into teams and will play Jeopardy.
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Day 19- Chapter Assessment
Test will be given over Chapter 5. Test will consist of multiple choice questions, matching, and essay.
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Activities
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Activity 1 Skill building activity, Crete and Mycenae: Identifying the roots of Greek civilization Match and analyze Minoan and Mycenaean artifacts to understand how the Minoan civilization of Crete influenced the culture of mainland Greece during the Bronze age Can work in groups of 2 Materials needed Slide projector and slides Student handouts Teacher guide Activity 2 Experiential exercise, 4 forms of Government Use the descriptions of the four forms of government (Monarchy, Oligarchy, Tyranny, and Democracy) to fill in the student handout. Student handouts and descriptions of government Overhead projector and transparencies
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Writing for understanding, Touring Athens during the Golden age
Activity 3 Writing for understanding, Touring Athens during the Golden age Create a “scrapbook” describing what students have learned about Athenian daily life. Use stations set up around the room for students to see pictures, listen to sound recordings, and look at artifacts from Agora, the Parthenon, and Theatre of Dionysus. Students can work in pairs to “tour” the stations, but work alone to complete the writing portion and scrapbook. Material needed Cassette player and tapes CD player and CD’s Overheard projector and transparencies Slide projector and slides Student handouts Activity 4 Response group, Greek against Greek; Athens v Sparta Small groups become neutral Greek city-states trying to choose allegiance to Athens or Sparta to learn how rivalry let to the Peloponnesian War. Students listen to each city-state argument, based on quality of life, treatment of non-citizens, and trade and prosperity Students use critical thinking to decide who to support. Materials needed Tape player and tape Overhead projector and transparencies
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Activity 5 Experiential exercise, Spread of Greek culture Create and analyze human statues representing the achievements of significant Greek figures to understand why Greek artistic, political, and scientific ideas spread through the ancient world. Study Aristotle, Aspasia, Pericles, Plato, Sophocles, Sappho, and Thucydides and create a symbol to represent their achievements. Working in groups of 4, pick one of the figures and create human statues of their achievements. Present and discuss Material needed Overhead projector and transparencies Slide projector and slides Activity 6 Skills builder, Recognizing ancient Greek achievement and the modern world Students learn about ancient Greek achievements in various academic fields (architecture, mathematics, and physics) and the ways in which those achievements have influenced modern society. Work in pairs and visit stations to read and hear background information. Examine a visual and answer questions. Materials needed
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Activity 7 Skills builder, Discovering references to Greek mythology in popular expressions Students match popular expressions with the ancient Greek myths from which they originated and corresponding artwork. Create presentations to show how Greek myths have influenced modern language and art. Work in pairs Materials needed Overhead projector and transparencies Slide projector and slides Placards
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AV Sources
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VHS Journey Across Time Video-Chapter 4 Ancient Greece DVD’s Rocky & Bullwinkle: Aesop’s Tales Ancient Civilizations: Athens and Ancient Greece Troy Ancient Civilizations: Greece Video Quiz CD’s Gettysburg address-compare with Pericles’ Funeral Oration Posters Ancient Civilizations poster Overheads Ancient Greece transparencies: photos and artwork Maps of Peloponnesian War
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Do virtual tour at http://www.dkv.columbia.edu/vmc/learning/
Online: Use site to learn about Greek theatre Do virtual tour at Use site to learn about Greek Architecture Watch cartoon on Olympics at Organizers: Create study organizer by folding paper and write the appropriate information under each tab Create a Venn Diagram comparing Sparta and Athens Create a web that provides information about democracy in Athens More AV sources: Go to the website and pick two subjects and write paragraphs summarizing what you have read. Use to map on and label the city-states of Greece. Notice that clicking on each city-state brings up an enlarged map of the area. (this web site has all kinds of activities)
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