1. Looking Toward the Future

2. Understanding Life Stages n Understand the present n Take a glimpse into the future

3. Erik Erikson n Human beings pass through 8 stages in a fixed order n Each stage is a turning point n The outcome of each stage is positive or negative

4. What is your life stage? What comes next?

5. Stage 1: Trust Vs. Mistrust n Age 0-1 n If caregivers are consistent and caring, the child learns to trust the world as a safe place n If the infant is abused or mistreated, he or she will learn that the world is an unsafe place

6. Stage 2: Autonomy Vs. Shame and Doubt n Ages 1-3 n The children learn to feel competent by feeding themselves, using the toilet and playing alone n Or they learn to doubt their abilities

7. Stage 3: Initiative Vs. Guilt n Ages 3-5 n Children learn to plan their activities within their parents guidelines n Or they develop guilt over their misbehavior

8. Stage 4: Industry Vs. Inferiority n Ages 5-11 n Children learn to meet the demands of teachers, parents and peers n They learn that effort leads to success n Or they develop a lifelong feeling of inferiority

9. Stage 5: Identity Vs. Role Confusion n Ages 11-18 n Children learn about their identity (personality, interests, values) n They also learn about the world of work n Or they develop confusion over their role in life

10. Stage 6: Intimacy Vs. Isolation n Ages 18-40 n A person develops a loving, committed relationship n Or the adult becomes isolated from others

11. Stage 7: Generativity Vs. Stagnation n Ages 40-65 n The adult contributes to future generations through raising children, helping others, developing products or coming up with creative new ideas n Or the adult becomes stagnant and self- centered

12. Stage 8: Integrity Vs. Despair n Ages 65+ n People reap the benefits of all they have done n They realize that life is temporary n Or the individual struggles to find meaning in life

13. Another Life Stage Theory Daniel Levinson

14. Daniel Levinson n Adult development n Stages alternate between stable and transitional periods n Stable periods last 6-7 years during which people pursue their goals and establish a structure n Transitional periods last 4-5 years and adults change the structure

15. What is Your Stage? n 17-22 Transitional n 22-28 Stable n 28-33 Transitional n 33-40 Stable n 40-45 Transitional n 45-50 Stable n 50-55 Transitional n 55-60 Stable

16. Another Theory: Gail Sheehy Author of Passages and New Passages

17. Provisional Adulthood 18-30 n Two opposing goals: n Exploration-Who am I? n Stability

18. Provisional Adulthood 18-30 n Age 30 is a turning point n Feel confident in making choices without help from parents

19. Provisional Adulthood 18-30 n Challenges n Changing views on marriage n Drugs, guns and violence n Gap between rich and poor n AIDS n Rapid changes in the world

20. First Adulthood 30-45 n At age 35 ask, “Is half of my life over?” n The beginning of mid-life crisis

21. What is mid-life crisis? n A major transition in life in which we question what we did in the first half of life n Adults often make major changes in their lives n What changes have you observed in adults going through mid-life crisis?

22. What is mid-life crisis? n Adolescence the second time around n Sheehy calls it “middlescence”

23. What is mid-life crisis? n Half of life is not over n Half of life lies ahead n A gateway to a new beginning of second adulthood

24. Second Adulthood Ages 45-85 n Begins with the resolution of the mid-life crisis n Age of Mastery 45-65 n Age of Integrity 65-85+

25. Age of Mastery 45-65 n The apex of life n People have a sense of mastery and have experience with living n Age 50 is the youth of second adulthood

26. Successful Aging n Determine what is important in life n Taking an active part in life n Find what you enjoy and do it

27. Age of Integrity 65-85+ n Have learned how to live life n The retirement transition n Make contributions to family and community

28. Health and Wellbeing in the 60’s + n Mature love is more important than money or power n Continued growth and excitement about life n Exercise is the most important factor in retarding the aging process

29. Sheehy defines aging as sageing-the process by which men and women accumulate wisdom and grow into the culture’s sages.

30. Exercise: Lifeline

31. TURN YOUR PAPER SIDEWAYS

32. Start with your birth date 1947

33. Predict your date of death. Remember that we will probably live to be 100 years old. How are your health habits? 1947 2047 OR LATER

34. Connect the dots 1947 2047 OR LATER

35. Locate today’s date 1947 2047 OR LATER 2011

36. What significant events have occurred from birth to present? 1947 2047 OR LATER 2011 1964 LEFT HOME 1968 COLLEGE GRAD 1978 WORK AT CUYAMACA 1979 SON BORN 1982 DOCTORATE 1983 DAUGHTER BORN

37. When do you plan to finish your degree or degrees? 1947 2047 OR LATER 2011 1964 LEFT HOME 1968 COLLEGE GRAD 1978 WORK AT CUYAMACA 1979 SON BORN 1982 DOCTORATE 1983 DAUGHTER BORN

38. Project some plans for the future. 1947 2047 OR LATER 2011 1964 LEFT HOME 1968 COLLEGE GRAD 1978 WORK AT CUYAMACA 1979 SON BORN 1982 DOCTORATE 1983 DAUGHTER BORN 2006 NO KIDS 2007 RETIRE 2008 TRAVEL 2009 WRITE 2030 START BAND

39. What will happen after your death? 1947 2047 OR LATER 2011 1964 LEFT HOME 1968 COLLEGE GRAD 1978 WORK AT CUYAMACA 1979 SON BORN 1982 DOCTORATE 1983 DAUGHTER BORN 2006 NO KIDS 2007 RETIRE 2008 TRAVEL 2009 WRITE 2030 START BAND My kids will be happy and healthy. Maybe someone will still read my book.

40. Write 2 Statements: I discovered that I _________. Share.

41. Thinking Positively About Your Life and Your Future

42. Powerful Tools for Success n Optimism n Hope n Future-Mindedness

43. Believe in Yourself n If we have positive beliefs about ourselves, we will feel confident and accomplish our life goals.

44. Beliefs: Personal opinions about yourself, your life and the world around you

45. The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy n Our expectations influence our behaviors n The behavior causes our expectations to come true

46. For Example n If I believe I am not good in math, I may not do the assignment or may even avoid taking math n If I believe I can be good in math, I can take the steps needed to be successful

47. Robert Rosenthal n Did experiments on the “self-fulfilling prophecy” n Animals n School children n Positive expectations led to positive outcomes

48. Positive Self-Talk n The thoughts or silent inner voice in our heads

49. Negative Thoughts n Can be toxic to the body n Can cause biochemical changes that lead to depression

50. Positive Thoughts n Build good self-esteem n Help us to become confident in our abilities n Help us to achieve our life goals

51. Pretend you had 3 wishes. What would they be?

52. Using your wishes, write 3 affirmation statements.

53. Affirmation Statements n Start with “I” n Include your name n Are written in the present tense

54. For example: I, Marsha, am relaxed. I, Marsha, am healthy.

55. Share one of your affirmation statements with the class.

56. Guidelines for Increasing Positive Thoughts n Monitor your thoughts. Are they positive or negative? n When you notice a negative thought, imagine rewinding a tape and recording a new positive message.

57. Guidelines for Increasing Positive Thoughts n Start the positive message with “I” and use the present tense n Make your affirmation stronger by visualizing what you want to achieve n Repeat positive thoughts to yourself until they become a habit

58. Visualize Your Success

59. Athletes Use Visualization n A good way to practice n Helps you to pre-experience events in your mind n For example, pole vaulters imagine the perfect jump before they make it

60. Visualization n We create all things twice n Make a mental picture n Create the physical reality by taking action

61. For example: n In building a house we n Create a blueprint or plan n Then we build the house

62. As a college student: n Visualize yourself in your cap and gown walking across the stage to receive your diploma

63. Exercise: Visualize Your Success Draw a picture, make a list or write some sentences. Share with the class

64. Hope for the Best n Believing that you can be successful helps you to be successful n Hopeful students are more successful

65. Steps to Happiness n Express gratitude n Cultivate optimism n Avoid over thinking and social comparison n Practice acts of kindness n Increase flow activities

66. Steps to Happiness n Savor life’s joys n Commit to accomplishing your goals n Take care of your body

67. Secrets to Happiness Martin Seligman n Identifying, cultivating, and using your personal strengths in work, love, play, and parenting

68. Happiness = S + C + V n S is your set range (50% of happiness is determined by heredity) n C is your circumstance (8-15 % of happiness) n V is what is under your voluntary control (40%)

69. What are some examples of factors under your voluntary control?

70. Seven Habits of Highly Successful People n Steven Covey

71. Be Proactive n Accept responsibility for your life

72. Begin with the end in mind n Know what is important n What do you want to accomplish in your life?

73. Put first things first n Set priorities

74. Think win-win n Seek solutions that benefit everyone n Focus on cooperation rather than competition

75. First seek to understand. Then be understood. n Listening is the first step in effective communication

76. Synergize n The whole is greater than the sum of its parts n Working together as a team, you can accomplish more than each member can accomplish separately

77. Sharpen the saw n Invest time in yourself to stay healthy: n Physically n Mentally n Spiritually n Socially

78. Find your voice and inspire others to find theirs n Believe that you can make a difference in the world and inspire others to do the same n From The 8 th Habit, From Effectiveness to Greatness by Steven Covey

79. More Secrets to Happiness

80. Secrets to Happiness n Happiness can’t be bought n Happiness is more internal than external n Happiness is not determined by age, race, gender or income n Happiness won’t arrive in the Publisher’s Clearinghouse envelope

81. Secrets to Happiness n Happiness depends less on things than on our attitude toward the things we have n Happiness is a ‘hookable” habit

82. Make a decision to choose happiness

83. Find small things that make you happy and sprinkle your life with them.

84. Laugh more. Laughter produces a relaxation response.

85. A good joke beats a pill for a lot of ailments.

86. Learn to think like an optimist. Assume you will succeed.

87. Replace negative thoughts with positive ones.

88. Do things that use your skills.

89. Fill your life with things you like to do. Remember the 20 things you like to do?

90. Get enough rest.

91. Exercise to feel good and to cope with anxiety.

92. There are no substitutes for fresh air, sunshine and exercise.

93. Reduce stress.

94. Close relationships are important.

95. If you don’t do anything else in life, love someone and let someone love you.

96. Keep things in perspective. Will it matter 10 years from now?

97. Exercise: Happiness Is.... Share Your Ideas

98. Keys to Success: You Are What You Think

99. What we believe is true, comes true. What we believe is possible, becomes possible. -- Henry Ford

100. Watch your thoughts; they become words. Watch your words; they become actions. Watch your actions; they become habits. Watch your habits; they become character. Watch your character; it becomes your destiny. Frank Outlaw Watch your thoughts; they become words. Watch your words; they become actions. Watch your actions; they become habits. Watch your habits; they become character. Watch your character; it becomes your destiny. Frank Outlaw

101. Grand Essentials of Life

102. n Something to do (that you like)

103. Grand Essentials of Life n Something to do (that you like) n Someone to love

104. Grand Essentials of Life n Something to do (that you like) n Someone to love n Something to hope for

105. Use the tools in this book to create your success.

106. This is not the end of the course but a new beginning.

108. Review the Keys to Success in this book. What is your favorite one and why?

109. Measure Your Success n Complete the exercise. n Pick up the one you did the first day of class. n Compare your results. Is your score higher? n Staple the two exercises together and hand them in.

110. Place these in the envelope: Visualize Your Success Happiness Is.... Intentions for the Future Put your name and address on it.

111. Turn In: Letter Course Evaluation