1. 4-1: Launching a New Nation 4-2: The Birth of Political Parties
How did President Washington set the course for the new nation?
How did two political parties emerge?

2. What do these symbols stand for?
Anticipatory Set
Who is this man?
What do these symbols stand for?

3. California Standards
Social Studies Standard 8.3.4: Understand the conflicts between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton resulted in the emergence of two political parties.
Social Studies Standard 8.3.5: Know the significance of domestic resistance movements and ways in which the central government responded to such movements.

4. California Standards
Social Studies Standard 8.4.1: Describe the country’s physical landscapes, political divisions, and territorial expansion during the terms of the first four presidents.
Reading Vocabulary 8.1.1: Analyze idioms, analogies, metaphors, and similes to infer the literal and figurative meanings of phrases.

5. Input
inauguration: a ceremony in which the President takes the oath of office.
precedent: an example to be followed by others in the future.
bond: a certificate issued by a government for an amount of money that the government promises to pay back with interest.

6. Input
speculator: people who invest in a risky venture in hope of making a large profit.
unconstitutional: contrary to what is permitted by the Constitution.
tariff: a tax on imported goods.
faction: a well organized political group.

7. Input
The First Presidency
Congress and the President chose people to run the institutions created by the Constitution.
Congress passed laws
creating 3 departments for
the executive branch:
Treasury Department
State Department
War Department
Each department would
be lead by a secretary
appointed by the President.

8. Input
Secretary of State
Thomas Jefferson was appointed the first Secretary of State by Washington.
Jefferson was responsible
for managing relations with
foreign countries.
He was a strong supporter
of the French Revolution.
Jefferson supported states’
rights.

9. Secretary of the Treasury
Input
Secretary of the Treasury
Alexander Hamilton was appointed the first Secretary of the Treasury by Washington.
Hamilton was responsible
for developing a plan to solve
the new nation’s financial
problems.
He supported a strong
federal government.
Hamilton believed the U.S.
should maintain a strong
alliance to the British.

10. Input
Secretary of War
Henry Knox was appointed the first Secretary of War by Washington.
Knox was Chief Artillery
Officer for Washington during
the Revolutionary War.
He is famous for ending
the siege of Boston by hauling
cannons 300 miles, over
mountains, from upstate New
York to Boston during the
winter of

11. Input
Attorney General
Edmund Randolph was appointed the first Attorney General by Washington.
Randolph introduced
the Virginia Plan at the
Constitutional Convention.
He proposed the
establishment of a national
court system at the convention.
Randolph succeeded
Jefferson as Secretary of
State when he resigned
in 1793.

12. Hamilton’s Financial Plan
Input
Hamilton’s Financial Plan
The federal government owed millions of dollars but lacked money with which to pay its debts.
Alexander Hamilton proposed a three-part plan to address the economic crisis.
1. The U.S. government would fully assume all federal and state debts.
2. The government would charter a national bank for depositing government funds.
3. The government would impose a high tariff on goods imported into the country.

13. Input
The Whiskey Rebellion
When Pennsylvania farmers rebelled against a federal tax on whiskey, President Washington responded with armed force.
In 1791, Congress imposed a tax on all whiskey made and sold in the U.S.
Many farmers organized protests and refused to pay the tax.
In 1794, farmers in Pennsylvania rebelled, burning down the home of a tax collector.
Washington sent 13,000 troops to stop the rebellion.

14. Republicans Against Federalists
Input
Republicans Against Federalists
Believed people should have political power
Favored strong state government
Emphasized agriculture
Favored strict interpretation of Constitution
Were pro-French
Opposed national bank
Opposed protective tariff
Believed wealthy and educated should lead
Favored strong central government
Emphasized manufacturing, shipping, and trade
Favored loose interpretation of Constitution
Were pro-British
Favored national bank
Favored protective tariff

15. Input
The Election of 1796
The 1796 election gave the United States a Federalist President and a Republican Vice President.
John Adams, a New Englander,
had been Washington’s Vice President.
Thomas Jefferson, a Virginian,
received the second-most votes and
became Vice President.
Serious tensions developed between
the two parties over the next four years.
Northern states supported Adams while
Southern states supported Jefferson.

16. RC Input Reading Vocabulary 1.1: Figurative Language
idiom: a common expression in which the words don’t really mean what they say.
When you read an idiom, think about what the writer has described. Try to picture the image, and then fit it into the sentence content.
simile: a comparison between two basically unlike things (like, as, or resembles).
The comparison in a simile helps the reader to imagine the description more fully.
DAY 2 WITH RC PRACTICE

17. EXTENSION
Write a detailed SUMMARY of the section and complete the UNANSWERED QUESTIONS section of your notes.
Choose two of the remaining Depth & Complexity ICONS in your notes and explain how they relate to this section.