2. CHAPTER 13 n TOBACCO

3. Since Jan. 1, 1966, all cigarette packages sold in the United States have carried health warnings. Cigarette advertising on television was banned in the United States beginning on Jan. 1, 1971, In 1985 the American Medical Association called for a ban on all cigarette advertising. --------------------------------------------------------- Excerpted from Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia

4. I. DANGEROUS CHEMICALS IN TOBACCO A. NICOTINE u ADDICTIVE DRUG FOUND IN TOBACCO LEAVES AND IN ALL TOBACCO PRODUCTS.

5. n 1. ADDICTION – INTENSE CRAVINGS WHERE THE PERSON HAS TO DO THE DRUG OVER AND OVER AGAIN.

6. B. TAR n THICK, OILY, DARK LIQUID THAT FORMS WHEN TOBACCO BURNS.

7. C. CARBON MONOXIDE A colorless, odorless, poisonous gas. SAME GAS IN CAR FUMES --------------------------------------------------------- Excerpted from Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia

8. II. Different Tobacco Products n A. Cigarettes – Most commonly used product. n 1. 400,000 cigarette smokers die from smoking-related illnesses every year.

9. B. CIGARS n 1. 1 LARGE CIGAR CAN CONTAIN AS MUCH TOBACCO AS A PACK OF CIGARETTES. n 2. HIGHER RISK OF DEVELPING CANCER OF THE MOUTH, LARYNX, AND THROAT. n 3. GREATER RISK OF DYING FROM HEART DISEASE.

10. C. PIPES n 1. USUALLY INHALE LESS THAN CIGARETTE SMOKERS. n 2. STILL AT RISK OF DEVELPING CANCER OF THE LIP, MOUTH, AND THROAT.

11. D. SPECIALTY CIGARETTES n 1. BIDIS – FLAVORED UNFILTERED CIGARETTES IMPORTED FROM INDIA AND OTHER COUNTRIES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA.

12. n 2. KRETEKS – CLOVE CIGARETTES. CONTAIN A MIXURE OF TOBACCO, CLOVES, AND OTHER ADDITIVES. n a. Both can have higher concentrations of nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide than regular cigarettes.

13. E. SMOKELESS TOBACCO n GROUND TOBACCO THAT IS CHEWED OR INHALED THOURGH THE NOSE n 1. CONTAINS 15 TIMES MORE NICOTINE THAN CIGARETTES. n 2. CAN LEAD TO CANCERS OF THE MOUTH, ESOPHAGUS, LARYNX, STOMACH, AND PANCREAS.

14. III. EFFECTS ON THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

15. A. CARCINOGENS n CANCER CAUSING AGENTS

16. B. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) n A CONDITION IN WHICH PASSAGES IN THE LUNGS BECOME SWOLLEN AND IRRITATED, EVENTUALLY LOSING THEIR ELASTICITY.

17. n 1. THIS CONDITION INCLUDES CHRONIC BRONCHITIS, ASTHMA, AND EMPHYSEMA. n 2. IN THE U.S. COPD CAUSES OVER 100,000 DEATHS PER YEAR. n 3. 90% OF THESE DEATHS ARE LINKED TO SMOKING.

18. C.CANCER 1. In the United States cigarette smoking is thought to be responsible for nearly half the cancer cases. 2. The American Cancer Society estimates that cigarette smoking causes 87 percent of lung cancer cases.

19. D. CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE n A DISEASE OF THE HEART AND BLOOD VESSELS. n 1. LONG-TERM SMOKING INCREASES CHOLESTEROL LEVELS AND CONTRIBUTES TO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS. n a. Arteriosclerosis is hardening of the arteries.

20. IV. ADDICTION A. TOLERANCE – PROCESS IN WHICH THE BODY NEEDS MORE AND MORE OF A DRUG TO GET THE SAME EFFECT.

21. B. PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE n TYPE OF ADDICTION IN WHICH THE BODY ITSELF FEELS A DIRECT NEED FOR A DRUG. n 1. THIS CRAVING IS WHAT THE BODY DESIRES.

22. C. PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE n AN ADDICTION IN WHICH THE MIND SENDS THE BODY A MESSAGE THAT IT NEEDS MORE OF A DRUG. n 1. THIS IS WHEN PEOPLE WILL SAY THEY ONLY SMOKE WHEN THEY DRINK.

23. n 2. 90% OF THE PEOPLE WHO START SMOKING BECOME ADDICTED. n 3. MORE THAN A 1/3 OF ALL TEENS WHO EVER TRY ONE CIGARETTE BECOME REGUALR DAILY SMOKERS BEFORE LEAVING HIGH SCHOOL.

24. V. STOPPING THE USE n A. WITHDRAWL – PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL REACTIONS THAT OCCUR WHEN SOMEONE STOPS USING AN ADDICTIVE SUBSTANCE.

25. n 1. PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS OF WITHDRAWL – HEADACHES, TIREDNESS, INCREASED HUNGER, AND JITTERY, RESTLESS FEELING. n 2. PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS OF WITHDRAWL – IRRITABILITY, SUDDEN CRAVINGS FOR TOBACCO, AND DIFFICULTY FALLING ASLEEP.

26. VI. TOBACCO COSTS n A. AVERAGE SMOKER WILL SMOKE A PACK AND A HALF A DAY. n 1. $7.50 SPENT ON TOBACCO A DAY. n 2. $225 A MONTH n 3. $27,000 IN TEN YEAR’S TIME. n 4. Pg 321 Ohio $1.25 excise tax

27. B. HEALTH INSURANCE n 1. $157 BILLION IS SPENT ON HEALTH CARE COSTS RELATED TO TOBACCO USE.

28. C. COSTS TO NONSMOKERS n 1. SECONDHAND SMOKE – ENVIORNMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE (ETS) n 2. ETS IS A MIXUTRE OF TWO FORMS OF SMOKE FROM BURNING TOBACCO PRODUCTS…SIDESTREAM AND MAINSTREAM SMOKE.

29. F. DANGERS TO NON- SMOKERS n EACH YEAR BETWEEN 150,000 AND 300,000 INFANTS AND TODDLERS DEVLEOP PNEUMONIA OR BRONCHITIS FROM SECONDHAND SMOKE. n 2. OF THESE 15,000 NEED TO BE HOSPITALIZED.

30. VII. BEING SMOKE FREE n CHOOSE POSTIVIE ROLE MODELS n DON’T GIVE INTO PEER PRESSURE n DON’T HANG AROUND FRIENDS WHO SMOKE.