1. King David King Solomon Rehboam, Jeraboam and the Split
The United Monarchy
King David
King Solomon
Rehboam, Jeraboam and the Split

2. King david dates of david’s reign
War with Ish Boshes
David Captures the city of Jerusalem from the Jebusites
War with the Philistines
Wars of Conquest
Aron Brought to Jerusalem
War with Ammon
Bathsheba
Amnon and Tamar
Abshalom’s Rebellion
Sheba ben Bichri’s Rebellion
The Evolution of the Monarchy
King david dates of david’s reign

3. War with Ish Boshes After Saul’s Death
David mourns Saul and his sons in Ziklag
David asks Hashem what to do and is told to go to Hebron and was anointed King of Israel
Ruled over the territory of Judah
Abner-ben-Ner Saul's general backs Ish Boshes Saul’s son to be king and he ruled over
Assur
Jezreel
Ephraim
Benjamin
War with Ish Boshes

4. War with Ish Boshes The Civil War
Map of Machanayim- Ish Boshes’ Stronghold
Abner and Ish Boshes war against David and his forces
Abner who control the army argues with Ish Boshes and decides to defect to David
Yoav deviously kills Avner against David’s order
David mourns Avner publicly
Ish Boshes is killed by traitors trying to get close to David
David kills them when they present him with Ish Boshes’ head
War with Ish Boshes

5. The Nation Acclaims David King
After Ish Boshes’ Death
The civil war lasted for two years
Five years later the tribes of Israel come to Hebron to anoint David King
A treaty is signed to forgive backers of Ish Boshes
The Sanhedrin agrees and crowns David as King
Four Room House in Hebron
Chadwick, Jeffrey R. “Discovering Hebron.” Biblical Archaeology Review, Sep/Oct 2005, , arch.org/publication.asp?PubID=BSBA&Volume=31&Issue=5&ArticleID=5 (accessed 10/21/2010)
The Nation Acclaims David King

6. David Captures the city of Jerusalem from the Jebusites
The State of the Country
The country still has pockets of Canaanite settlement
David and his forces start a campaign to remove all Canaanite cities and is partially successful
David fortifies the defenses against the Philistines
The City of Jerusalem was not conquered
The Largest Canaanite building in Israel was found in Jerusalem it is called the “stepped stone structure” it is probably Metzudas Tzion
Mazar, Eilat. “Did I Find King David’s Palace?.” Biblical Archaeology Review, Jan/Feb 2006, 16-27, arch.org/publication.asp?PubID=BSBA&Volume=32&Issue=1&ArticleID=4 (accessed 10/21/2010)
David Captures the city of Jerusalem from the Jebusites

7. David Captures the city of Jerusalem from the Jebusites
Was heavily defended by an enormous fortress
Metzudas Tzion- מצודת ציון
David’s general Yoav infiltrated the fortress through the water supply
After the capture David makes Jerusalem his capital and center of the
Steiner, Margreet. “David’s Jerusalem: Fiction or Reality?: It’s Not There: Archaeology Proves a Negative.” Biblical Archaeology Review, Jul/Aug 1998, 26-30, 32-33, arch.org/publication.asp?PubID=BSBA&Volume=24&Issue=4&ArticleID=2 (accessed 10/21/2010
David Captures the city of Jerusalem from the Jebusites

8. War with the Philistines
Prelude to War
David built the Milo –מילוא
it is not clear what it is but it plays an important in the politics of Solomon's reign
As well Hezekiah's time
Possibly an open space
Or opening is his palace wall
Hiram King of Tyre built a palace for David
As David is more firmly in control
The Philistines probably become afraid of a United Israel
David defeated the Philistines in Emek Refaim –עמק רפאים
He forced them to retreat to Gezer and the remained defeated during his reign
Large Stone Structure in Jerusalem
Possibly David’s Palace
Mazar, Eilat. “Did I Find King David’s Palace?.” Biblical Archaeology Review, Jan/Feb 2006, , arch.org/publication.asp?PubID=BSBA&Volume=32&Issue=1&ArticleID=4 (accessed 10/21/2010)
War with the Philistines

9. Wars of Conquest Wars of Conquest
After defeating Philistines David turns to expansion
David defeated
Moab
Hadadezer king of Zobah
Aram of Damascus
Edom
Amalek (mentioned in the Gemorah)
Wars of Conquest

10. Aron Brought to Jerusalem
Jerusalem Religious as the Center
The Aron was brought to Jerusalem
First attempt stopped by the death of Uzzah
Amid proper prayer, and fanfare the Aron is brought to Jerusalem
David wishes to build the Beis Hamikdsah but is not permitted
The Beis Hamikdash could only be built after all of Israel’s enemies were defeated and David had not yet brought about complete peace
Jerusalem in David’s Era
Mazar, Eilat. “Did I Find King David’s Palace?.” Biblical Archaeology Review, Jan/Feb 2006, 16-27, (accessed 10/21/2010)
Aron Brought to Jerusalem

11. Bathsheba War with Ammon
David sends a diplomatic mission to Hanun the son of Nachash
The Ammonite advisors probably seeing that David’s kingdom was growing large and dangerous rejected the diplomatic mission
The Ammonites then hired Arameans to help attack Israel
David defeats the Arameans and drove them off
The next year he begins a campaign against Ammon and besieges Rabbah but David stays in Jerusalem
After the incident with Bathsheba David’s army took the city
Citadel of Amman
The City of Rabbah
Harrison, Timothy P. “The Amman Citadel: An Archaeological Biography: “Rabbath of the Ammonites”.” Archaeology Odyssey, Mar/Apr 2002, arch.org/publication.asp?PubID=BSAO&Volume=5&Issue=2&ArticleID=4 (accessed 10/21/2010
Bathsheba

12. Bathsheba David in Jerusalem Hashem Punishes David
עבירה גוררת עבירה
David stayed back instead of leading his troops
He is tempted by seeing Bathsheba washing
She was divorced but it was still not right to take her
Uriah her former husband disobeyed David’s orders and so was deserving the death penalty
David orders him to be placed at the front of the line to be killed
The first son he fathered by Bathsheba died
His son Amnon rapes his daughter Tamar
Abshalom kills Amnon and then rebels
Adonijah claims to be King in David’s old age
Bathsheba

13. Abshalom’s Rebellion Amnon and Tamar
Tamar was the daughter of Maacha and David
Maacha was an אשת יפת תואר and was not Jewish at the time that David fathered Tamar
Since Tamar was not born Jewish she is not Halachicly related to Amnon
Amnon; Tamar’s half brother is infatuated with her and rapes her
After raping her he is disgusted by her and sends her away in disgrace
Abshalom takes in Tamar after she is raped
Abshalom arranges for Amnon to be killed
After the murder Abshalom flees to Geshur
After David recovers from the news of the murder he is prevailed upon by Yoav to bring Abshalom back to Jerusalem
David kept Abshalom under house arrest in Jerusalem and would not see him
Abshalom’s Rebellion

14. Abshalom’s Conspiracy
In the words of תנ"ך
Samuel I 15
(2) And Abshalom would rise up, and stand besides the path to the gate; and it was when any man that would have a suit due to come to the king for judgment the Abshalom called to him and said:”from what city are you?” and he said “of one of the tribes of Israel is your servant”
(3) And Abshalom said “your claim is correct and good but none of the kings judges will hear you.
(4) And Abshalom said “who will appoint me judge in the land and every man who has a dispute of a suit will come to me than I will do justice for him
And it would be, when a man cam near to prostrate himself before him that he put forth his hand and took hold of him and kissed him.
(6) And Abshalom did the same to all the Israelites that came to the king for judgment. And Abshalom stole the hearts of the men of Israel.
שמואל ב פרק טו
)ב) וְהִשְׁכִּים אַבְשָׁלוֹם וְעָמַד עַל יַד דֶּרֶךְ הַשָּׁעַר וַיְהִי כָּל הָאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר יִהְיֶה לּוֹ רִיב לָבוֹא אֶל הַמֶּלֶךְ לַמִּשְׁפָּט וַיִּקְרָא אַבְשָׁלוֹם אֵלָיו וַיֹּאמֶר אֵי מִזֶּה עִיר אַתָּה וַיֹּאמֶר מֵאַחַד שִׁבְטֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל עַבְדֶּךָ:
(ג) וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלָיו אַבְשָׁלוֹם רְאֵה דְבָרֶךָ טוֹבִים וּנְכֹחִים וְשֹׁמֵעַ אֵין לְךָ מֵאֵת הַמֶּלֶךְ:
(ד) וַיֹּאמֶר אַבְשָׁלוֹם מִי יְשִׂמֵנִי שֹׁפֵט בָּאָרֶץ וְעָלַי יָבוֹא כָּל אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר יִהְיֶה לּוֹ רִיב וּמִשְׁפָּט וְהִצְדַּקְתִּיו:
(ה) וְהָיָה בִּקְרָב אִישׁ לְהִשְׁתַּחֲוֹת לוֹ וְשָׁלַח אֶת יָדוֹ וְהֶחֱזִיק לוֹ וְנָשַׁק לוֹ:
(ו) וַיַּעַשׂ אַבְשָׁלוֹם כַּדָּבָר הַזֶּה לְכָל יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר יָבֹאוּ לַמִּשְׁפָּט אֶל הַמֶּלֶךְ וַיְגַנֵּב אַבְשָׁלוֹם אֶת לֵב אַנְשֵׁי:
Abshalom’s Rebellion

15. Abshalom’s Rebellion King Abshalom The Conspiracy in Brief
Abshalom breeds dissent by courting people who have complaints either about the government of with another Jew and claims that he will be on his side
Abshalom also makes the claim that David favors his family and the tribe of Judah over the other tribes
Abshalom also includes some of David’s close advisors in his conspiracy
He also begins his rebellion in Hebron a Judah stronghold to keep the allegiance of the people of Judah
David is forced to flee from Jerusalem with most of his advisors and his general
He takes with him the Aron
Abshalom takes Jerusalem and marries David’s concubines who were left in Jerusalem
Abshalom and his advisors start to rule the land as king
They need to eliminate David and his forces who are hiding in Machanayim
Hushai a friend of David infiltrated the conspiracy and became a close advisor to Abshalom
Hushai advised waiting to attack David and his forces
Abshalom’s Rebellion

16. Abshalom’s Rebellion Forest of Ephraim The Death of Absalom
Then before the attack he sends word to David about the plan
The battle took place in the forest of Ephraim and David defeated Abshalom’s forces
20,000 men were killed
Abshalom is caught fleeing from the Battle by his hair in a tree
Yoav kills Abshalom against David’s orders
After the battle David finds out the news that his son is dead and begins to mourn
David is forced by Yoav to go out and celebrate the victory with his men
The Death of Absalom
by Gustave Dore
Abshalom’s Rebellion

17. Sheba ben Bichri’s Rebellion
Abshalom’s Defeat Leads to Dissention Between Israel and Judah
Shmuel II 19
(41) And the king went over to Gilgal and Chimhan went over with him; and all the people of Judah brought the king over, and also half the people of Israel. (42) And, Behold all the men of Israel came to the kin and they said to the king, “Why did our brothers the men of Judah steal you away; by having brought the king and his household over the Jordan, and all of David’s men with him?” (43) And all the men of Judah answered the men of Israel, “Because the king is near to me; why are you angered over this matter?” (44) And the men of Israel answered the man of Judah and he said “I have ten parts in the king and am therefore closer to David than to you. Why then did you slight me? Now was not my word the very first to return my king?” and the words to the men of Judah were harsher than the words of the men of Israel
שמואל ב פרק יט
(מא) וַיַּעֲבֹר הַמֶּלֶךְ הַגִּלְגָּלָה וְכִמְהָן עָבַר עִמּוֹ וְכָל עַם יְהוּדָה ויעברו הֶעֱבִירוּ אֶת הַמֶּלֶךְ וְגַם חֲצִי עַם יִשְׂרָאֵל: (מב) וְהִנֵּה כָּל אִישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל בָּאִים אֶל הַמֶּלֶךְ וַיֹּאמְרוּ אֶל הַמֶּלֶךְ מַדּוּעַ גְּנָבוּךָ אַחֵינוּ אִישׁ יְהוּדָה וַיַּעֲבִרוּ אֶת הַמֶּלֶךְ וְאֶת בֵּיתוֹ אֶת הַיַּרְדֵּן וְכָל אַנְשֵׁי דָוִד עִמּוֹ: (מג) וַיַּעַן כָּל אִישׁ יְהוּדָה עַל אִישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל כִּי קָרוֹב הַמֶּלֶךְ אֵלַי וְלָמָּה זֶּה חָרָה לְךָ עַל הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה הֶאָכוֹל אָכַלְנוּ מִן הַמֶּלֶךְ אִם נִשֵּׂאת נִשָּׂא לָנוּ: (מד) וַיַּעַן אִישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת אִישׁ יְהוּדָה וַיֹּאמֶר עֶשֶׂר יָדוֹת לִי בַמֶּלֶךְ וְגַם בְּדָוִד אֲנִי מִמְּךָ וּמַדּוּעַ הֱקִלֹּתַנִי וְלֹא הָיָה דְבָרִי רִאשׁוֹן לִי לְהָשִׁיב אֶת מַלְכִּי וַיִּקֶשׁ דְּבַר אִישׁ יְהוּדָה מִדְּבַר אִישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל:
Sheba ben Bichri’s Rebellion

18. Sheba ben Bichri’s Rebellion
No Portion of David
Sheva ben Bichri of Benjamin blew a shofar and declared a rebellion of Israel against David and Judah
Yoav hunts him down and finds him in the city of Abel of Beth-Maacah
Yoav threatens the people of Abel - Beth-Maacah and they kill Sheva ben Bichri
Sheba ben Bichri’s Rebellion

19. The Evolution of the Monarchy
Analysis
In his short reign Saul did not have the time to create a working administration but he did serve as break with the loose confederation of tribes that was the government before.
Saul’s government showed the people what a strong centralized government would be like
The majority of people saw the potential for defense and economic growth
The former heads of the tribes felt left out
After the end of the civil war David eliminated the last independent Canaanite cities inside the land of Israel
Then defeats the Philistines and Ammon to secure the boarders and launches wars of conquest in modern Syria
The תנ"ך then mentions David’s heroes and officers which can be viewed as the establishment of an administration and bureaucracy
Abshalom’s rebellion
Abshalom played on the antagonism between the heads of the tribes
He also played on the David’s loyalty to the men of Judah and their separateness from the rest of Israel
Sheva ben Bichri’s rebellion
Was a prelude to the break up of the kingdom which would happen under Rehaboam
Israel against Judah
The תנ"ך repeats the list of heroes and officers an expansion of the bureaucracy
The Evolution of the Monarchy