1. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort Safety Requirements for IR Conventional Facilities and Siting Group Safety Requirements for IR Conventional Facilities and Siting Group Atsushi Enomoto (KEK) IRENG07 17-21 September 2007, SLAC

2. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort 2 17-21 September 2007 IRENG07 Contents General Aspects of Safety Issues in ILCGeneral Aspects of Safety Issues in ILC –About regulation –Safety category and respective requirements –Basic ideas of evacuation in case of fire Safety Issues Related to IR AreaSafety Issues Related to IR Area –Case1: Fire at detector hall A. –Case2: Fire at detector hall B. –Case3: Fire at utility (service) hall. –Case4: Fire at beam tunnel near detector hall.

3. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort 3 17-21 September 2007 IRENG07 General Aspects of Safety Issues in ILC

4. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort 4 17-21 September 2007 IRENG07 Regulation Because there are no existing laws and standards in any region which directly and comprehensively stipulate the safety measures for a facility like ILC,Because there are no existing laws and standards in any region which directly and comprehensively stipulate the safety measures for a facility like ILC, the currently planned safety measures are based on examples of existing accelerator tunnels and the regulations for buildings and underground structures of various types.the currently planned safety measures are based on examples of existing accelerator tunnels and the regulations for buildings and underground structures of various types. The final plan will be subject to the approval of the competent authority that has jurisdiction over the selected site.The final plan will be subject to the approval of the competent authority that has jurisdiction over the selected site.

5. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort 5 17-21 September 2007 IRENG07 Safety category and respective requirements Fire SafetyFire Safety –Fire safety measures are the main subject to be considered by CFS group. Radiation Safety and Safety Access ControlRadiation Safety and Safety Access Control –Wall thickness for shielding radiation from Beam Tunnel is determined according to studies by radiation control experts. –Access control equipment such as a card lock is installed at the entrances to the radiation control areas as required by the radiation safety plan. HeliumHelium –The helium supply system is equipped with an oxygen meter which activates an alarm and stops the gas supply in case of oxygen deficiency. Air in the Beam Tunnel is automatically pressurized. Other Safety ControlOther Safety Control

6. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort 6 17-21 September 2007 IRENG07 Fire Safety Requirements Structures of tunnels and cavernsStructures of tunnels and caverns –Primary concern. Enough space and smooth path for evacuation Safety EquipmentsSafety Equipments –Smoke detector, fire alarm, fire extinguisher, etc. Smoke Exhaust or ControlSmoke Exhaust or Control –To have enough time to escape MaterialsMaterials –Incombustible cable, etc., to prevent spread of fire. Existing guideline and regulations of LHC will be a good example, if ILC finally takes deep tunnel scheme.Existing guideline and regulations of LHC will be a good example, if ILC finally takes deep tunnel scheme. Anyway the final plan will be subject to the approval of the competent authority that has jurisdiction over the selected site.Anyway the final plan will be subject to the approval of the competent authority that has jurisdiction over the selected site.

7. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort 7 17-21 September 2007 IRENG07 ~1.5 x tunnel diameter, necessary for excavation, enough for radiation shield necessary for maintenance, emergency egress necessary for installation Evacuation Space in Accelerator Tunnels

8. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort 8 17-21 September 2007 IRENG07 Evacuation Space Evacuation form Damping Ring TunnelEvacuation form Damping Ring Tunnel

9. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort 9 17-21 September 2007 IRENG07 Evacuation Path “Access to a different fire compartment (isolated from heat and smoke) within 500m.” (CERN)

10. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort 10 17-21 September 2007 IRENG07 Evacuation Path or

11. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort 11 17-21 September 2007 IRENG07 Safety Equipments Fire detection & alarm Fire detection & alarm - Smoke detector @ 30m in Service Tunnel - Smoke detector @ 30m in Service Tunnel - Manual alarm @ 50m in Service Tunnel - Manual alarm @ 50m in Service Tunnel Fire suppression equipment Fire suppression equipment - Portable fire extinguisher @ 25m in Service Tunnel - Portable fire extinguisher @ 25m in Service Tunnel Evacuation equipment Evacuation equipment - Evacuation to the Beam Tunnel through cross passageway - Evacuation to the Beam Tunnel through cross passageway - Smoke control: smoke exhaust system, pressurizing system - Smoke control: smoke exhaust system, pressurizing system - Emergency lighting @ 10m - Emergency lighting @ 10m - Illuminated exit signs & exit leading signs - Illuminated exit signs & exit leading signs Communication equipment Communication equipment - Public addressing system - Public addressing system - Security cameras - Security cameras Emergency power supply Emergency power supply

12. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort 12 17-21 September 2007 IRENG07 Smoke Exhaust System In case of fire accidents at Access/Experiment Halls located every ~5 km.In case of fire accidents at Access/Experiment Halls located every ~5 km. –Smoke is exhausted with large-diameter (~1.5 m) air ducts from the surface. In case of fire at Accelerator tunnels.In case of fire at Accelerator tunnels. –Smoke is also exhausted but without using air ducts. –Because of long distance from the surface, air ducts are not able to obtain sufficient speed for exhaust. –The tunnels themselves are using as air ducts. –In this case smoke has to be carefully evacuated by noticing human existence. –In order to evacuate faster than smoke flow, hanging walls from the tunnel ceilings at an appropriate distance are turned out to be efficient by a simulation study for smoke flow. Upper Lower Hanging wall to prevent smoke flow

13. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort 13 17-21 September 2007 IRENG07 Safety Issues Related to IR Area

14. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort 14 17-21 September 2007 IRENG07 RDR Detector Hall Dsign Entrance/Exit

15. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort In Case of Fire at Left side FIRE! Concrete Shielding may be necessary for radiation safety Need to clear the egress pass from the detector hall “At east two independent exit paths from all points: blind corridors shorter than 10m” (CERN)

16. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort In Case of Fire at Right Side FIRE! Need to clear the egress pass from the detector hall

17. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort In Case of Fire at Utility Hall This is a dead end FIRE!

18. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort In Case of Fire/Trouble at Beam Tunnel near Detector Hall FIRE! May need additional passage ways This may be a dead end. FIRE!

19. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort One Solution FIRE! Additional paths are necessary for safety.

20. Conventional Facilities and Siting Global Design Effort 20 17-21 September 2007 IRENG07 Conclusion CF structures for evacuation space and path will be designed based on considerations of fire safety and earthquake.CF structures for evacuation space and path will be designed based on considerations of fire safety and earthquake. Smoke control will be taken into account in air ventilation system.Smoke control will be taken into account in air ventilation system. General safety equipment, for example, that for fire safety, is included in CFS work.General safety equipment, for example, that for fire safety, is included in CFS work. As for other safety requirements like radiation shield, and door control, will be taken according to each corresponding group.As for other safety requirements like radiation shield, and door control, will be taken according to each corresponding group.