1. XML & Library Applications ELAG 2001 Poul Henrik Jørgensen, phj@dbc.dk phj@dbc.dk Danish Bibliographic Centre, www.dbc.dk www.dbc.dk

2. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen2 Objective To identify family of relevant XML standards To describe existing use of XML standards within important Bibliographic IT standards To identify future development of Bibliographic IT standards based on XML standards Not an introductory course in the XML standards themselves!

3. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen3 Content XML Standards Overview Major benefits of XML MARC formats and XML Z39.50 and XML formats Interlibrary Loan transactions in XML NISO Circulation Interchange Protocol and XML ZML: Z39.50 as XML Protocol RDF: Semantic Web and Metadata

4. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen4 XML Standards Overview Family of related standards from W3C XML: Representation of hierarchical data XML Schema: Specification of XML structure XHTML: Presentation/display of data DOM: Internal representation of XML XSLT/XPath: Transformation of XML RDF: Relationships between Objects and Classes

5. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen5 Major benefits of XML Easy to understand by humans – as well as by computers Supported by all mainstream IT vendors Handles hierarchical information well Can be edited by simple tools Many IT people knows XML

6. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen6 OAI MARC XML Schema Developed for Open Archives Initiative Similar to limited ISO 2709 structure Single Field element type containing single Subfield element type Field- and Subfield instances identified by attribute values Suitable for exchange and conversions http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/oai_marc.xsd

7. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen7 MARC XML Schemas Developed for VisualCat and ONE-2 project Similar to LC MARC DTD Each possible combination of Field and Subfield specified as separate XML Element Types danMARC2: 164 MARC Fields and 1189 Subfields Suitable for automatic syntax validation Schemas for MARC21 (British Library), UNIMARC (Italian SBN) and danMARC2 (DBC)

8. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen8 VisualCat MARC21 Schema

9. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen9 Z39.50 and XML formats CompSpec option may specify Record Syntax, Schema, and Element Specification: recordSyntax identifies format, e.g. XML (OID= 1.2.840.10003.5.109.10) Schema identifies s tructure e.g. Holdings (OID=1.2.840.10003.13.7.1) elementSpec identifies subset, e.g. Level B-1: Minimal Bibliographic Level Holdings (ESN=”B1”)

10. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen10 XML Schemas in Z39.50 Dublin Core XML format http://www.nlc-bnc.ca/bath/bp-app-d.htm http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/dc.xsd ExplainLite XML DTD http://www.one-2.org/technical/ONE-ICONE-DTD- 0001.dtd http://www.one-2.org/technical/ONE-ICONE-DTD- 0001.dtd Holdings XML Schema http://www.portia.dk/zholdings/Holdings6a/Hol dingsSchema6a_xsd/HoldingsSchema6a.htm http://www.portia.dk/zholdings/Holdings6a/Hol dingsSchema6a_xsd/HoldingsSchema6a.htm ES Task Package XML format

11. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen11 Dublin Core (Bath Profile) some author some title.....

12. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen12 ExplainLite (VisualCat)

13. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen13 Holdings XML (danZIG)

14. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen14 ILL transactions in XML ICCU/SBN system offers XML Item- Order request messages (APDU) via E- mail ONE-2 Profile of all ILL messages in XML http://www.portia.dk/pubs/ill/schema/illv2/illv2. htm http://www.portia.dk/pubs/ill/schema/illv2/illv2. htm New danZIG Profile using XML for Z39.50/ILL Profile 1

15. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen15 Circulation Interchange Protocol NISO Circulation Interchange Protocol http://www.niso.org/commitat.html NCIP Data specified by XML DTD/Schema http://www.portia.dk/pubs/NCIP/NCIP_v0_1a.xsd Adapted to SOAP/WSDL http://www.portia.dk/pubs/NCIP/PortTypes.wsd l http://www.portia.dk/pubs/NCIP/PortTypes.wsd l

16. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen16 ZML Objectives Initiative by Library of Congress and others Leverage investments in existing Z39.50 Services and specifications Simplify Z39.50 implementation Facilitate interoperability with other relevant standards Foster migration of Z39.50 functionality to mainstream IT technologies

17. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen17 ZML: Z39.50 over SOAP Protocol elements encoded as XML Structures Relevant Z39.50 Services mapped to SOAP Request/Response functions over HTTP Search/Present and other services simplified Existing Web-to-Z gateways may be enhanced with SOAP-to-Z gateways Draft specifications to be presented at ZIG in October 2001 at British Library in York

18. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen18 Semantic Web and RDF RDF is part of W3C Semantic Web Activity http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/Activity Defines relationships and attributes of electronic resources Can represent any metadata schema, e.g. Dublin Core or IFLA FRBR metadata RDF is expressed by directed graphs or XML RDF is used to represent Authority Data and other metadata

19. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen19 FRBR RDF graph (VisualCat)

20. ELAG 2001Poul Henrik Jørgensen20 Summary XML offers many inherent advantages as data format XML standards are already implemented in relation to MARC, Z39.50, ILL and NCIP Next generation of Z39.50 (i.e. ZML) will most likely be based on XML standards ”Digital Libraries may be the killer application for RDF”