1. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014 How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project Miklós Siska KTI Institute for Transport Sciences Non-profit Ltd. Budapest - Hungary

2. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 – Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014 Content of my paper I.Introduction II.Role of an airport in the sustainable urban development 1.Characteristics of air-transport intensive activities 2.Contribution of airports to the local economic development 3.Criteria of an „Airport City” 4.Different types of connections between airports and their surrounding areas by road/rail and the importance of intermodality III.Structure of the „airLED” project 1.Partners 2.Methods 3.Tools developed in the project IV.Results of the „airLED” project 1.EU State-of-Art Report and Status-quo Analyses 2.Polycentric development plans 3.Recommendations V.Conclusions

3. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 – Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014

4. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 – Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014 Some air-traffic generating factor in Europe Strong Economies Dense population High proportion of humanUrbanized areas resources in science and technology

5. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 – Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014 Major airports in Central – Europe (> 100 thousand pax/year)

6. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 – Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014

7. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. Different answers on new challenges on the changing European air-traffic market Airport network: co-ordinated airport group at national and/or regional level (e.g.: AENA – Spain, LFV – Sweden, PPL – Poland, Manchester Airport Group – UK) Alliance anchor hub: hub where the major airline alliance groups connect (e.g.: London Heathrow, Paris Charles de Gaulle, Frankfurt am Main) Airport city: airport that provides all major services of a city, without leaving the site (e.g.: Munich, Zurich) Multi-modal port: airport city with strong intermodal connections (e.g.: Amsterdam – Schiphol) Airport as final destination: airport that provides a retail/service centre for their own community (e.g.: Athens) Business traffic: airport that tailors to business traffic (scheduled and/or non- scheduled) (e.g.: London City, Farnborough, Le Bourget) “Low Cost” Base: airport which focuses on low cost airlines (e.g.: Bergamo, Charleroi, London Stansted) Freight platform: airport specifically catering to the needs of freight operations (e.g.: Liege, Leipzig) How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 – Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014

8. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 – Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014 Airport Cities in Europe by Dr. Kasarda

9. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 – Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014 The „airLED” partnership

10. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. Strategic goals of regional airports in the „airLED” project to enhance cooperation among stakeholders to stimulate economic growth in airport regions to prepare an integrated polycentric development plan to become an Airport City How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 – Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014

11. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 – Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014 Structure of the „airLED” project

12. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 – Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014 FOCUS ON PLANNING Planning: a crucial factor because it is the only way to make the airport city sustainable Airport city require bringing together: – airport planning – urban planning – business site planning

13. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 – Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014 BASED ON WHAT? Transport network: –accessibility not only of the airport but also of the whole catchment area –multimodal ground transit Advanced Technology: –if available in the area (e.g. ICT networks) makes the area more worthwhile for high tech companies Regional marketing

14. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 – Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014 ROLES OF STAKEHOLDERS Airports Airports serving as a catalyst and magnet for landside business development Institutions Local Institutions as responsible for planning the investments and making the area more desirable companies Users and companies for creating a network Public Private Partnerships All together for Public Private Partnerships

15. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 – Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014 Results of the „airLED” project Large number of meetings of stakeholders RDCB meetings, Master Class in the regions Polycentric Development Plans elaborated in the regions Transnational methodology Large number of different documents See: http://airled.eu/http://airled.eu/

16. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 – Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014 ACCESSIBILITY (LAND – AIR) BudapestModlinBolognaLjubljana Road accessibility needs enhancement Yes coach, no rail 66 EU destination + 16 international Weak NC Road accessibility needs enhancement Yes coach, no rail 66 EU destination + 16 international Weak NC Road accessibility needs enhancement Seldom rail connection 38 EU destination and 2 national Only LCC Road accessibility needs enhancement Seldom rail connection 38 EU destination and 2 national Only LCC Road accessibility can be enhanced Yes coach, no rail 104 destinations Weak NC Road accessibility can be enhanced Yes coach, no rail 104 destinations Weak NC Road accessibility needs enhancement Yes coach, no rail 19 destinations Weak NC Road accessibility needs enhancement Yes coach, no rail 19 destinations Weak NC Accessibility as crucial issue for an airport city: all airports are suitable of upgrades or in some cases need strong improvements. Relying only on weak national carriers or only the on extremely volatile LCC market segment could be risky. For the same reason, regional airports are not likely to develop into airport cities very soon.

17. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 – Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014 Modlin Emilia-Romagna - BLQ Budapest Ljubljana Infrastruct. Traffic National rank Closeness to city TEN-T network Demograph. trend Potential „Airport City” 1 1 <15 10 40 7 7 <10 25 1 1 Accessibility

18. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 – Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014 Recommendations Don’t ignore the importance even of small airports Always pay particular attention on connectivity between airport and surrounding areas (modes and intermodality) Open and democratic decision making process is crucial Use the experiences of knowledge provider institutions Stakeholders should control at milestones of the processes

19. This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. How to convert a regional airport into „Airport City” in Central Europe – The „airLED” project URBAN TRANSPORT, 2014 – Algarve, 28 – 30 May, 2014 Thank you for your attention! Miklós Siska siska.miklos@kti.husiska.miklos@kti.hu KTI Non-profit Ltd. www.kti.huwww.kti.hu Thanks to the Co-authors: Mr. Alberto Preti Mr. Gábor Soóki-Tóth