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Sub :- Computer Hardware and Networking Sub code :- (17533) Class :- EJ 5G Marks :- 50 M (Theory) Sub Teacher :- Mr. Rakesh Z. Vaikunthi

2. UNIT - 1 MOTHERBOARD AND PERIPHERALS (14 M)

3. a
Lecture - 1

4. 1. Inside a PC CD-ROM drive Power supply Hard disk drive Mother board
Floppy
disk drive
Sound/network
cards
Wires and
ribbon cables
Intro to CS. 5/Mother

5. DIFFERENT TYPES OF PC COMPONENT
1) MOTHER BOARD
2) PROCESSOR
3) RAM
POER SUPPLY
(SMPS)
5) HARD DISK

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6) KEY BOARD
7) MOUSE
8) VIDEO CARD
9) SOUND CARD

7. PC CONFIGURATION AMD Processor INTEL Processor
DIFFERENT TYPES OF PC CONFIGURATION DEPENDS ON TYPES OF PROCESSOR MOTHER BOARD CHIPSET SIZE OF CACHE MEMORY PRIMARY MEMORY ETC
AMD Processor
INTEL Processor
AMD Athlon 64 FX
½ GB DDR2 667 MHz
160/200 GB SATA HDD
DVD drive
SLI Ready monitor
17 in TFT or CRT
Keyboard and Mouse

8. A- Intel Core Processor Base Configuration
INTEL Processor
A- Intel Core Processor Base Configuration
B- Intel Core2Duo Processor Base Configuration
- Intel Core 2 Duo Processor 2.66 GHz
Memory 2/3 GB DDR2
Hard Disk 200GB
Optical Blu-Ray Disk
Media reader with Bluetooth 2.0
Video card 768 MB
Intel core to duo processor (1MB – 2.2 Ghz)
1/2GB Duel Channel DDR2 SDRAM (667Mhz)
17 inch TFT – Keyboard
DVD drive - Mouse
Integrated Intel Graphics Media

9. a
Lecture - 2

10. Compare Different Types of PC configuration
Processor
Speed
(MHz)
Front Side Bus
L2 Cache Size
Multi processing
Hyper -Threading
AMD
Athlon
266 MHz
256 KB
Supporting
Celeron
766 MHz
128 KB
Not Supporting
Intel Pentium
Pentium- 1 66
Pentium -2
100
512 KB
Pentium -3
450 – 500
133 Mhz
Pentium- 4
1400
533 Mhz
Duel Core
2.33 to 2.6
667 Mhz
2 MB
Core 2 duo
2.33 to 2.8
800 Mhz
4MB

11. Chipset
Def.- A compactible set of chips that interface with CPU on the mother Board is known as chipset.
Northbridge
The high-speed part of a common chipset architecture in a computer.
The Northbridge is the controller that interconnects the CPU to memory via the frontside bus (FSB).
It also connects peripherals via high-speed channels such as AGP and PCI Express.
The Northbridge may include a display controller, obviating the need for a separate display adapter.

12. Southbridge
The Southbridge is an integrated circuit on the motherboard that is responsible for the Hard Drive controller,
I/O controller and integrated hardware such as Sound Card video card if present on the motherboard, USB,PCI,ISD,BIOS , and Ethernet.
The south bridge gets its name for commonly being South of the PCI Bus.
Below is a graphic illustration of the ASUS P5AD2-E motherboard and some basic explanations of each of the major portions of the motherboard including the Southbridge.

13. Chipset

14. Intel Chipset 945 G

15. Intel Chipset 945 G It has Support for 300MBPS serial ATA
Intel 645G Express chipset was release in 2005
Chipset is the first support Intel's new Duel Core Pentium D processor also support Pentium 4
945G is main Aim to increase the performance of PC
It offers FSB (Front side Bus) speed up to 1066Mhz
It has Support for 300MBPS serial ATA
It Support SATA RAID.

16. Feature of Intel Chipset 945 G
Code Name :- Lake port
Port Number : G
Bus Speed :- 1066Mhz
Support Processor :- Pentium F, P4
Memory Type :- DDR2
Maximum Memory :- 4GB

17. a
Lecture - 3

18. BUS
Bus is a Common path way that carries a signal between the component with In the computer.
When used in reference to Personal computer, the term bus usually refers to internal bus.
This is a bus that connects all the internal computer components to the CPU and Main memory .
There's also an Expansion Bus that enables Expansion Boards to access the CPU and memory

19. Types Of BUS ISA :- Industry standard Architecture
PCI :- Peripheral Component Interconnect
PCI-X :- Peripheral Component Interconnect Extend
PCI-Xpress:- Peripheral Component Interconnect Express
AGP :- Advance Graphics Port
Processor Bus:- Front Side Bus

20. ISA :- Industry standard Architecture
ISA Bus was develop by IBM team in 1981
ISA Bus has two types
8- bit ISA
2) 16- bit ISA
IBM kept old 62- lines slot connectors of 8-bit ISA bus
And address 36- wires connectors with old 62- lines slot connectors
Features of ISA
8 more lines to bring data bus to 16-bit ISA
Four more Address line to bring data bus to 16-bit ISA
It support 16 MB of RAM
ISA 16- bit Support both 8- bit and 16-bit Cords.
Four more DMA channel used

21. PCI :- Peripheral Component Interconnect
PCI, is a local Computer bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer.
PCI is the initialise for Peripheral Component Interconnect
The PCI bus supports the functions found on a processor bus but in a standardized format that is independent of any processor's bus
The first version of conventional PCI found in desktop computers was a 32-bit bus using a 33 MHz
The PCI Local Bus was first implemented in IBM PC compatibles.
Typical PCI cards used in PCs include: network cards, sound cards, modems.

22. PCI-X :- Peripheral Component Interconnect Extend
PCI, is a local Computer bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer.
Feature
It is Faster version of PCI, runs at twice the speed from 66Mhz to 133 MHz
The Maxim amount of data exchange Between processor and peripheral is 1.06GB
PCI-X bursting as normal operating Mode
Provide Synchronous Operation.

23. PCI-Xpress:- Peripheral Component Interconnect Express
PCI Xpress is a computer Expansion card interface format
Most common use of PCI Express is with graphics cards and provide large bandwidth
Feature
PCI Xpress is used as local interface
It is fast to replace between AGP And PCI
It runs at 2.5Ghz
It is a serial base technology
It carries 250 MB/s data simultaneous transmit and Receive.

24. a
Lecture - 4

25. Cache Memory
Cache memory is High speed memory buffer that temporary store data
Processor can retrieve data from cache faster from main memory
Cache holds the data and provide to processor when they needed
Information and data is deleted when power supply is off

26. Types of cache memory Internal cache (Level 1) cache 1:-
Cache L1 is used to hold working set of code and data
It built in to the processor called as internal cache
Size of L1 cache varies from processor to process starting from 8KB to 64KB or more
L1 cache built in processor and can not Expanded
2. External cache (Level 2) cache 2:-
L2 cache is mounted on the mother board that is external to the processor so it is called as external cache
It runs at motherboard speed for Access
Size of L2 cache is 64KB to 2MB

27. It is connected to North bridge on M.B.
3. Level 2, L3 cache :-
It is connected to North bridge on M.B.
On the newer processor the additional L3 cache is built on motherboard in between CPU and main memory. a
L1 Cache
L2 cache
Main Memory
Secondary cache

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Lecture - 5

29. Characteristics of CRT
Resolution :- Number of dots in vertical line (x axis) and horizontal line (y axis) known as resolution.
two types of resolution
X- axis resolution (vertical)
Y-axis resolution (horizontal)
Refresh Rate :- rate at which the electron in the monitor address brightness of pixel on the screen .
Response Time :- response time is the maximum time is the minimum time necessary to change a pixel color or Brightness.

30. LCD monitor

31. Explanation of LCD monitor
LCD liquid crystal display is an electro optical amplitude modulator
It is thin flat display made up of number of color pixel arrange of light source or reflector
Each layer of pixel on LCD consist of layer of molecule aligned between two transparent electrode
LCD is completely flat screen without flicuring
It shows more brightness and clarity of picture
It perform limited viewing.

32. a
Lecture - 6

33. Difference between CRT and LCD
Factor
CRT
LCD
Contrast Ratio
Higher Contrast Ratio
Lower Contrast Ratio
Response Time
Less Response Time
Greater Response Time
Angle of View
Image may be viewed from side Angle
Limited viewing angle to CRT
Color Purity
Better
Average

34. Timing Control Interface
CD ROM drive a
Data Read logic
CD ROM
CD ROM Disk
Clock
Timing Control Interface
CD Rom drive motor

35. Explanations of CD ROM drive
The principle of CD Rom drive is base on optical technology
CD Rom is used for compact disk read only memory
The disk is coated with silver material so that reflect with laser light
Outer is coated with hard resistance jacket
Various component of CD Rom Drive
Drive Head
Head Actuator
Spindle Motor
Frame Assemble
Drive Engine

36. Question Bank on first unit

37. Question Bank SUB: - CHN (17533) Branch:- EJ/EX Vth Sem UNIT 1
2 Marks Questions:-
State different types of PC Configuration (w-09)
Explain various types of Key Board (w-10)
Difference between CRT & LCD (s-09)
Define the Term:-
Resolution b) Refresh Rate c) Response Time (s-10)
List various Component on Mother Board (w-10)
4 Marks Questions:-
Construction & Working of Mouse (w,s-09)
Compare different types of PC configuration (s-09,w-08)
What is BUS? List of Different types of BUS (s-08,w-09)
Draw and Explain Intel 945G (s-09)
What is Cache memory & Explain its types (s-09,w10,w-09)
Give Functional Block diagram of LCD monitor (w-08)
Give Advantages & Disadvantages of LCD (w-08)