1. It’s time to Move It
I Can… Explain how the skeletal and muscular systems work together so the body can move
I Will…
List the different types of skeletal joints and describe their range of motion
Describe the structure of skeletal muscle
Explain how skeletal muscle pulls on bones to produce movement
List various types of movement

2. Skeletal joint – area where two bones meet and allow for different degrees of movement
Classified by type and degree of movement
Fibrous joints
Immovable
e.g. Teeth in jaw
Cranial bones
Cartilaginous joints
Allow partial movement
e.g. Disks between vertebrae
Breastbone and ribs
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3. It’s time to Move It Synovial joints Most movable
Cushioned by cartilage
Held together by ligament
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Gliding joints – allows flat surfaces to slide over each other.
Ankle, Wrist

4. 2. Pivot joints – allows flat surfaces to slide over
each other.
Two bones turn on each other allow rotation
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Saddle joints – Allows bone to move front to
back and left to right.
a) Thumb

5. It’s time to Move It Hinge joints – Allows bone to move in one
direction back and forth
Knee, elbow
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Ball-and-socket joints – Allows bone to move
most freely; front and back, side to side and
circumduction (circle).
a) Shoulder, Hip

6. Muscle tissue contracts in order to produce movement
Skeletal muscle – One of three types of muscle in the body
Attached to bones  650 muscles in a human
Primarily voluntary control (somatic nervous system)
Striated (dark bands)
Many nuclei
Many mitochondria
Attached by tendons
Muscle fibers are individually wrapped
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7. Myofibril- long strands of protein within a muscle fiber
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Sarcomere- section of a myofibril that contains filaments

8. It’s time to Move It Actin- thin filament Myosin- thick filament
Muscle contract by myosin pulling on actin fibers and bringing them closer to the center of the sarcomere

9. Skeletal muscles cause movement by pulling on the bone they are attached to.
It’s time to Move It
Origin – an attachment site for a less movable bone
Insertion – an attachment site for a more moveable bone
Movement usually produced by a group of muscles
Prime mover – muscle responsible for most of the movement
Synergists – muscles that help the prime mover by stabilizing joints
Antagonist (agonist) – produces movement opposite to prime mover
Relaxes when prime mover contracts

10. It’s time to Move It Flexion – bending a body part
Extension – straightening a body part
Hyperextension – extending a body part past the normal anatomical position
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11. Abduction – moving a body part away from the anatomical position
Adduction – moving a body part toward the anatomical position
Circumduction – moving a body part in a circle
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12. It’s time to Move It Pronation – turning the palm of the hand down
Supination – turning the palm of the hand up
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13. It’s time to Move It Other types of muscle tissue: Cardiac
Found in the heart
Similar to skeletal, BUT…
Under involuntary control
Single or multinucleated branching cells
Connected end to end (not individually wrapped)
Many nuclei
More mitochondria than skeletal

14. It’s time to Move It Other types of muscle tissue: Smooth
Found in internal organs
Under involuntary control
Slow rhythmic contractions
Spindle-shaped (Wide middle, tapered ends)
Single nucleus

15. It’s time to Move It

16. Use the terms you learned about muscle movement to fill-in the blanks below
It’s time to Move It
When a body builder does a bicep curl, as in figure A, the biceps muscle is known as the ______________ and the triceps muscle is the _______________. This movement of bending the arm is known as ____________.
In figure B the biceps relaxes and the triceps contracts and the arm straightens out; this movement is known as _______________.
Figure A
Figure B