1. TWENTIETH CENTURY
ARCHITECTURE

2. Frank Lloyd Wright
Organic relationship between the structure and the site
Hearth should be the core of a house
Extensive use of cantilevered balconies and roofs
Most famous homes-Robie House and Fallingwater

3. FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT, Robie House, Chicago, Illinois, 1907-1909
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT, Robie House, Chicago, Illinois, "natural" Architecture

4. FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT, Kaufmann House (Fallingwater), Bear Run, Pennsylvania, 1936-1939.

5. Art Nouveau
Extensive use of plant-like imagery

6. Tassel House by Victor Horta
Floors, walls, and stairs decorated with plant motifs
Metal columns and railings have plant-like designs

7. Casa Mila by Antonio Gaudi
Influenced by cliff and sands of Spanish coast
Undulating facade, use of plant-like designs

8. De Stijl Sleek appearance devoid of embellishments
• Developed in Holland in 1920s
Sleek appearance devoid of embellishments
Flat planes, basic geometric shapes, straight lines
Efficient designs; functional furniture

9. Schroder House by Gerrit Rietveld
Use of basic shapes and colors-rectangles, primary colors
Similar to Mondrian paintings

10. The Bauhaus Key Points School of art and architecture from 1919-1933
Taught modern concepts of design
Curriculum combined art, crafts, and architecture
Principles taught at Bauhaus inspired International Style

11. WALTER GROPIUS, Shop Block, the Bauhaus, Dessau, Germany, 1925-1926
WALTER GROPIUS, Shop Block, the Bauhaus, Dessau, Germany, Famous section of the Bauhaus
Example of modern architecture
Extensive use of windows to provide natural light and air
Moveable interior walls; flexible space

12. The International Style
Key Points
Based upon Mies van der Rohe's principle: "Less is more."
Architecture should be practical and functional; no unnecessary exterior decoration
Use modern materials and support methods-glass, steel, and cantilevers

13. Le Corbusier-Villa Savoye; home should be a "machine for living;" basic geometric shapes and flat planes.

14. LUDWIG MIES VAN DER ROHE and PHILIP JOHNSON, Seagram Building, New York, 1956-1958.

15. Post-Modern Architecture (1980s)
Key Points
Critical of Modernist architecture; too impersonal and sterile­"Less is a bore"
Architecture should consider an area's history and diversity
Very eclectic-borrows from a number of style

16. Pompidou Centre by Piano and Rogers--exposes the structure's interior supports

17. Portland Building by Michael Graves-uses different shapes, colors, and materials on building's surface

18. AT&T Building by Philip Johnson-combines elements of International Style (sleek lines; efficient use of space, minimal surface decoration) with such classical elements as large round arch and pediment

19. Deconstructivist Architecture
Key Points
Emphasizes the instability of life and society-no universal concepts and ideas
Uses unique forms, harsh angles, and new materials to create unstable designs that shock the viewer

20. Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain, by Frank Gehry
Titanium surface-light, strong, highly reflective
Futurist appearance-swooping, sharp angles
Asymmetrical composition-lacks balance and order associated with Modernism