1. Properties of Matter All forms of matter have properties.
Examples: hardness, texture, odor, color, flammability, etc.
Two categories:
pure substance
-made of only one kind of material and has definite properties
mixture
-two or more substances mixed together but not chemically combined
ex: concrete, salt water
-solutions – best mixed of all possible mixtures
ex: sugar water

2. Properties of Matter
elements – pure substances that cannot be broken down into other substances by any chemical means
elements can be chemically combined to form compounds
ex: hydrogen, oxygen.. Periodic Table
compound – a pure substance formed from chemical combinations of elements
compounds have different properties from the elements that formed them
ex: water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2)

3. Properties of Matter
characteristic property – a property that always holds true for a substance
characteristic properties never change, they can be used to identify unknown matter.
ex: boiling & melting points
Comparing boiling and melting points can be used to identify different substances.

4. Properties of Matter physical property
-characteristics of a substance that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
ex: color, size, texture, density, volume & mass
physical change:
-a change in any physical property of a substance, not in the substance itself

5. Phase change - Physical
When matter changes from one form to another, the substance does not change.
Only the arrangement, space and movement of molecules.
Define the following:
-melting
-freezing
-boiling
-evaporation
-sublimation
-condensation
-deposition

6. Phase change - Physical
melting- solid becomes a liquid (particles gain energy)
*melting point- temp at which a solid begins to melt
freezing- liquid becomes a solid (particles lose energy)
*freezing point- temp at which a liquid begins to freeze
***melting and freezing point of a substance are the same***

7. Phase change - Physical
boiling- liquid becomes a gas (produces bubbles)
*boiling point- temp at which a liquid begins to turn to gas
evaporation- liquid becomes a gas (occurs at surface of a liquid)
sublimation – solid changes directly to a gas
ex: dry ice (solid CO2) – turns to gas

8. Phase change - Physical
condensation- gas changes to a liquid
deposition- gas changes directly to a solid
“The Chem Life”

9. Properties of Matter chemical property
-describes how one or more substances can form new substances
ex: combustibility, rusting and tarnishing
chemical change:
-when one or more substances change into a different substance
-combinations of atoms rearrange to make new substances

10. Properties of Matter
production of an odor- some chemical changes produce new smells
change in temperature- chemical changes often are accompanied by a change in temperature (increase or decrease)
change in color- a change in color often indicates a chemical change (color change will not be reversible)
formation of bubbles- the formation of gas bubbles is an indicator that a chemical change has occurred
formation of a solid- when two liquids combine, a solid called a precipitate may form, indicating a chemical change

11. Properties of Matter Pop Quiz
Decide whether each statement describes a
physical or chemical change.
A bicycle left out in the rain begins to rust.
A match burns, leaving only a charred stick of wood.
A copper wire is cut into five smaller pieces.
An ice cube melts.
A glowing splint placed in a test tube causes a loud “pop”.
Food coloring is added to cake icing to make it pink.

12. Properties of Matter Pop Quiz
Gasoline burns in a car engine.
Antifreeze is added to a car radiator to lower the freezing point.
A spoonful of sugar is dissolved in cup of coffee.
A silver knife and fork tarnish when they are exposed to air for several weeks.
Leaves of a maple tree turn bright red as winter approaches.
A water molecule gains enough energy to enter the vapor phase.