1. Energy Consumption and Consequences

2. The Politics of Oil World oil reserves in 2003

3. Global Distribution of Oil

4. The Oil Age

5. 190019201940 1960 198020002200 Oil discovery and consumption Remaining fossil fuel supply in years Based on production in 2000 The Age of the Fossil Fuels

6. What are Oil and Gas? Octane Natural Gas Liquid hydrocarbons Benzene

7. The formation of Oil

8. The Oil Window

9. Oil migration and entrapment Oil traps

10. The origin of coal

11. The formation of coal

12. Phanerozoic Ice Ages and CO 2 At least five ice ages in Earth history including Neoproterozoic (850- 630 Ma) Snowball Earth Current CO2 levels relatively low in the context of Earth history

13. Milankovitch Cycles and the Quaternary Ice Age Current Ice Age started at 2.6 Ma Earth has been in an interglacial for 11,000 years

14. Global Warming - Current Models

15. Causes of Current Global Warming CO 2, Solar Activity or Both?

16. Other Sources of Energy

17. Estimated world energy reserves A world dominated by Nuclear Energy? 1 Quad = 1 quadrillion BTU 1 BTU = 252 calories

18. Nuclear Energy Chain reaction Neutron collides with U 235 forming krypton and barium and releasing more neutrons + vast amounts of energy

19. Formation of Unconformity-type Uranium Deposits 2U 6+ + + 2H 2 O + C = 2U 4+ + 2H + + CO 2 U 4+ + O 2 = UO 2 (Uraninite)

20. Tidal and hydroelectrical energy

21. Geothermal Energy

22. Geothermal Home Heating Heat Pump

23. Energy Sources