1. Research Methods & Evaluation for the Internet Generation Jane Long MLIS, University of Oklahoma MA, English, Wright State University Reference Services Librarian Al Harris Library jane.long@swosu.edu

2. The Internet is… a major presence in our daily lives constantly growing helping make an enormous amount of information available

3. Web Searching is easy because….. Speed Choice Availability 24/7 We always get an answer

4. Web searching is difficult because … Organization Quality control Reliability

5. Web vs. Library Databases Web –Good for current events –Statistical Information –Pop Culture –Opinion –Information about Organizations & Groups Library Databases –Research Based Books & Articles –Full-text Resources –Authoritative & Peer- reviewed Materials –Information about People & Cultures –Easier to Search AND, OR, NOT Specific Subjects

6. Why Can’t I Get this Info on the Web? Humanities –American History $29.95 / yr –Journal of Teacher Education $30 / yr –College English $75 / yr Nursing & Allied Health –Applied Nursing Research $224 / yr –Nursing Science Quarterly $280 / yr –Journal of Community Health Nursing $475 / yr Sciences –Journal of the Optical Society of America $1,760 / yr –Journal of the American Chemical Society $3,589 / yr –Journal of Physics $7,115 / yr This doesn’t include pricing for electronic access or database subscriptions.

7. Forming New Habits Ever wonder what you might be missing?

8. Forming New Habits

9. http://searchenginewatch.com Web searching tips Search engine listings Search engine ratings (which is rated better?) Tutorials News –Buying Your Way In (paid listings in search engines)Buying Your Way In Fun Stuff –Sprechen Sie Search Engines?Sprechen Sie Search Engines?

10. Directory Electronic Yellow Pages Organized into categories Point & click searching

11. Search Engine Simply searches Prominent search box Google voted “Most Outstanding Search Engine” 4 times Lycos, the oldest search engine on the web (‘94)

12. Metasearch Engine Utilize search engines and directories to compile comprehensive results “one-stop” searching Dogpile voted “Best Meta Search Engine” Vivísimo voted “Best Meta Search Engine” (’02) Mamma, the oldest metasearch engine on the web (’96)

13. Kartoo--a visual search tool Ditto--an image search engine Radio-Locator--an audio/radio station search engine KidsClick!--a kid friendly search tool

14. Government Web Tools USA.Gov, (formerly FirstGov) director of federal gov’t websites SoonerSearch, a portal to Oklahoma gov’t websites Unclesam, a version of Google that searches only gov’t websites Infomine, access to university level research on gov’t info

15. The Machine is Us/ing Us

16. Evaluation Is Essential Authority –Who created it? Who is responsible? –What credentials do they hold? What makes them qualified to discuss the topic? Accuracy –Can the information be verified? –Check the facts! Objectivity –How is the information being presented? –Is it objective or biased? What’s the point of view? Currency (important based on subject) –When was it published? –When was it last updated?

17. Step 1: Authority Web Pages – Credentials/Qualifications/Reputation – Who is responsible for content? Webmaster? Web team? Organization? Institution? Company?

18. Step 1: Authority: Questions 1. Do you recognize the author's name? Is there an author's name? 2.If you don't recognize the name, or there is no name, what type of information is given about the contact information? - Position? - Organizational affiliation? - E-mail address? - Biographical information?

19. Domain Names Which one is right? –www.whitehouse.com www.whitehouse.com –www.whitehouse.gov www.whitehouse.gov –www.whitehouse.net www.whitehouse.net –www.whitehouse.org www.whitehouse.org Whois.net –www.whois.net www.whois.net.gov.org.mil.com.edu.net.int Indicates a reliable domain name

20. Domain Names  Domain Names: ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) has overall responsibility for managing the Domain Name System.ICANN

21. Step 2: AccuracyAccuracy Web Pages –Can the information be verified? Links to credible sites Copyright Works Cited Fact check with a printed source

22. Step 2: AccuracyAccuracy 1.Does the website cite sources used to present its information? What type of sources are they? Scholarly? Popular? 2.Is it possible to verify the legitimacy of these sources? 3.If the site is research-based, does the website clearly identify the method of research and the data gathered?

23. Step 3: Objectivity Biased or Objective? Sponsoring Organization Agendas Political Propaganda Web hosting http://english.aljazeera.net/News http://www.foxnews.com/ http://www.npr.org/ Do you trust the author or organization providing the information?

24. Step 3: Objectivity Do you trust the author or organization providing the information? Determine the aim of the author or organization publishing the site. What is the purpose of the web site? 1. Is it advertisement for a product or service? 2. Is it directed toward political purposes? 3. Is it trying to sway public opinion on a social issue?

25. Step 4: CurrencyCurrency Web Pages –When was it created and last updated? Well maintained web sites have an indication when it was last updated or modified Accessibility –Dead links Stability –Changes URLs frequently

26. Step 4: Currency 1. Is a date clearly displayed? 2. Can you determine what the date refers to? When the page was first written? When the page was first posted on the Internet? When the page was last revised or updated? The copyright date? 3. Are the resources used by the author current? 4. Does the page content demand routine or continual updating or revision? 5. Do the links on the page point to the correct Internet site addresses?

27. Exercise: Evaluation Handoutt www.who.int/en/ www.dhmo.org www.genochoice.com www.martinlutherking.org www.aaip.org/ http://www.ashwooduniversity.net/

28. Known for providing information on web traffic

29. Google Larry Page & Sergey Brin/ Grad Students 1998 Mission: "to organize the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful.“ 2008: 22 billion dollar corporation

30. Google: A Tool like any other Site Specific Command What it does: searches only specific domains What to type: nursing jobs site:edu nursing jobs site:com nursing jobs site:org

31. Google Scholar Google Scholar provides a simple way to search for scholarly literature. Search across many disciplines and sources: peer-reviewed papers, theses, books, abstracts and articles, from academic publishers, professional societies, preprint repositories, universities and other scholarly organizations.

32. Google Scholar Works best for Citations Restrictions to Content –Fee-based –Often your Library already owns material –We’re working on improving access –Example: Tribal Colleges

33. Wikipedia Wiki: A Web application that allows users to add content to a collaborative hypertext Web resource (coauthoring), as in an Internet forum, and permits others to edit that content (open editing).

34. Wikipedia Jimmy Wales January 15, 2001 No Original Research NPOV (Neutral point of view) No owners, multiple anonymous authors Anyone with Internet access can create or edit an entry…Anyone

35. Wikipedia Contributors: male, English speaking, denizens of the Internet. Problem is not that it disregards the facts, but that it elevates them above all else. Most of the content is discussion/history of edits & not the entries themselves. Rosenzweig, Roy. “Can History Be Open Source? Wikipedia and the Future of the Past.” The Journal of American History 93.1 (2006): 117-146.

36. Wikipedia Participation maps popular, not academic concerns It is a working community…but is it a good historical resource? Lack of Critical Analysis Problematic as a sole source of information Like all encyclopedias…okay to start, terrible place to stop. Benefits its active participants, not its readers.

37. Writing Your Paper Writing Center –Located in the basement of the library –Call for appointment #774-7083 MLA Style –Style Sheets –MLA Handbook at Reference & Circulation Desks –http://www.dianahacker.com/resdoc/http://www.dianahacker.com/resdoc/

38. Questions? Contact me: Jane Long –774-3030 –jane.long@swosu.edu

39. Thanks!