1. Today’s Warm-Up: Compare and contrast to the two photos below.
Image 2
Image 1

2. The Roaring 20’s

3. The Decade that Roared…
The 1920s is considered one of the wildest periods in American history
WWI was over – society rejoiced!
Americans roared to the wail of jazz, laughter of carefree youth, and the hum of American industry

4. Beneath the Surface…
Beneath the surface, this era was more complex and filled with conflict
Americans grappled with important questions about race, immigration, religion, alcohol, women, wealth, and poverty

5. Spanish influenza epidemic hits!
As the War Ended . . .
Spanish influenza epidemic hits!
Most deadly for year olds
Eventually killed million worldwide
(By contrast, WWI killed about 15 million people)

6. Philadelphia – October 1918

7. Emergency hospital at Camp Funston in Fort Riley, KS (1918)

8. Over 50 Thousand!

9. Mortality (Death) Rates from 1900 to 2000.

10. Changes for African Americans
Great Migration = Blacks moved north to take advantage of booming wartime industry
Black ghettoes began to form, i.e. Harlem

12. Prohibition Enforced
18th Amendment took effect on January 16, 1920 and made the manufacture, sale, and transport of liquor, beer, and wine illegal.

13. Prohibition Creates Unintended Consequences…
Limited supply and growing demand for liquor created a golden opportunity for crooks
Many Americans turned to bootleggers - suppliers of illegal alcohol.
Speakeasies – illegal, underground bars

14. Organized Crime
The profit from selling illegal liquor helped lead to the rise of organized crime.
As rival groups fought for control in cities, gang wars & murders became common.

15. Homicide Rate dramatically rises, then peaks in 1933 – the year prohibition ends!

16. One of the most notorious criminals of this time was Al “Scarface” Capone, a gangster who rose to the top of Chicago’s organized crime network.

17. Lawlessness, Violence, and Corruption Increase…
Many Americans began to believe prohibition caused more harm than good.
In 1933, the states ratified the Twenty-First Amendment which repealed prohibition

18. Women Move Toward Greater Equality
Some of the most significant changes of the 1920s occurred in the lives of women
19th Amendment granted women the right to vote
Expanded educational and job opportunities
With wider opportunities and greater incomes, women (esp. young women) rebelled against old customs

19. Women Rebel Against Old Customs
Women began to cut their into short “bobs” and wore makeup
Lipstick, blush, and eye shadow were no longer signs of an “immoral” woman

20. Women in 1900
Long hair
Long sleeves
Long dresses
Shapely corset

21. Women in 1920s
Short hair
Short sleeves
Short dresses
No corsets!

22. The Flapper Image
A type of bold, fun-loving young woman, came to symbolize a revolution in manners and morals that took place in the 1920s.

23. Flappers challenged conventions of dress, hairstyle, and behavior.
Many Americans disapproved of flappers’ free manners as well as the departure from traditional morals that they represented.

24. Family Patterns Began to Change
Number of divorces per year more than doubled between 1914 & 1929
Margaret Sanger coined the term “birth control” and opened the country’s first family planning clinic (arrested and jailed)
Distributing birth control info was illegal in every state, but Sanger was dedicated to altering those laws
Founded what became the nation’s leading family planning organization – Planned Parenthood Federation of America

25. Mass Media Shape American Popular Culture
Popular culture is the culture of ordinary people and includes their music, art, literature, and entertainment
Shaped by industries that spread info and ideas, especially mass media – means of communication that reaches a large audience

26. Print Media Bring Popular Culture to a National Audience
During the 1920s, the amount of print material expanded enormously
Americans were buying more than 200 million copies a year of popular national magazines
Saturday Evening Post
Ladies’ Home Journal
Reader’s Digest
Time
As newspaper and magazine circulation increased, more and more people read the same stories, events, ideas, and fashions

27. Radio Gives Popular Culture a Voice
Radio unified the nation - featured news, sports, ads, soaps, & other shows
First radio broadcast was KDKA in Pittsburgh
National Broadcasting Co.
1st national network
Some shows like Amos ‘n Andy became so popular that people refused to answer their phones during the weekly broadcast

28. Motion Pictures Create Movie Stars and Fans
After WWI, people flocked to movie theaters to escape the problems of postwar recession
Movies promoted common values and created trends
In 1929, weekly attendance rose from 50 million to 90 million – ticket sales rose from $301 million to $721 million!
1st sound film – 1927

29. Automobiles Reshape American Life
By making cars affordable, automaker Henry Ford changed the way Americans lived
Made travel to faraway places more enjoyable
Stimulated growth of suburbs
Ended the isolation of farmers
Created shopping centers
Criminals used drive-bys
Changed leisure activities
Shaped sexual behavior in the young
“Tin Lizzy” was the most popular model

30. Americans Begin to Buy Now, Pay Later
In the past, most Americans thought it was shameful to borrow money to buy consumer goods
By the 1920s, such thrift became old fashioned
Expansion of credit made it possible to buy now, pay later
Growth of installment buying allowed buyers to make a down payment then pay back the loan in monthly installments (i.e. car payments)
Buying on credit was so easy that many Americans began to think the good times would go on forever…

31. The Roaring Twenties Visual Summary
Using pictures, magazine clippings, or drawings, create a visual collage showing how the popular trends of the 1920s have influenced your life today. Use at least five trends from the chapter. For each, write a sentence or two that compares the 1920s trend with a similar trend from today.

32. New Trends Shaped Popular Culture in the 1920s
Mass Media
Section 28.4
Trend: Consumerism
(Section 28.2 – pg )
THEN: New advertisements were created to increase demand for all sorts of new products
People started to use credit so they could buy now, pay later
NOW: Credit card companies are huge! Businesses will pay millions for advertisements – especially for a Superbowl commercial
Sports Heroes
Section 28.2
Women’s Rights
Section 28.5
Transportation
Section 28.3
Literature and Art
Section 28.7
The Jazz Age
Section 28.6