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Missing links between gender, economy and statistics Ewa Ruminska-Zimny, UNECE Conference of European Statisticians Group of Experts on Gender Statistics Geneva, 11-13 September 2006
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Gender equality as an economic issue Feminist economists: taking the lead and providing a framework Catching-up by “hard core” economists: women’s employment as an engine of GDP growth - The Economist April 2006) Private sector interest - Davos Forum (links GDP and gender equality) Policy issues: male breadwinner bias; double earner/ double burden family model
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Why? Pressure of globalization for diversity, flexibility and best use of resources Ageing and lower fertility: worries of A. Merkel and V. Putin More competitive while maintaining social coherence (Lisbon Strategy) Loss of women’s economic potential in EE and especially CIS (lower participation, moving to lower paid jobs)
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How to engender economic policy- making? More awareness of economic ministries that gender equality pays off Arguments/evidence: key role of data and gender analysis Concepts and tools in various policy areas (e.g. budgetary and SME policies) Political support and mechanisms to include gender into economic strategies Nordic countries the most competitive and most equal: is there a link?
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Measuring women’s contribution to competitiveness and growth Unpaid work - a key issue Paid work: contribution to quantitative (e.g. participation rates) and qualitative growth factors (e.g. education and skills, incl. life-long learning) But also measuring optimal use of women’s economic potential (management jobs; entrepreneurship but also value of diversity, flexibility etc)
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Gaps and challenges for data producers Engendering macro-economic data (public expenditure and budgetary data) Social security statistics (sex disaggregated data of beneficiaries of parental leaves, costs of child care services, care services for elderly, pensions) Improvement in employment data (wages, informal sector, self-employment, part-time) Economic decision making (public administration, banks and financial sector, top/senior management companies, economic think-tanks/research)
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Specific challenges for Central Asia, south Caucasus & other CIS Poverty and women’s incomes (wages from formal, informal, and self-employment plus social transfers) Situation of rural women and regional differences Gender analysis of public expenditure and budgets ICT and new opportunities - is there a gender bias?
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ECE as a platform for raising awareness of economic policy makers Beijing +10 review and recommendations New sub-programme on promoting countries’ competitiveness and innovation SPECA and WG on Gender and Economy for Central Asia and South Caucasus New DA project on region specific MDGs indicators
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DA Project on region-specific MDG indicators Project objective: strengthening social inclusion, gender equality and health promotion Expected output: identification of additional MDG targets and indicators adopted by for policy-makers; MDG knowledge-hub Focus: economic aspects of gender equality in Central Asia and South Caucasus
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Conclusions Data which “fit” the demand of policy makers is a key to have an impact on economic policy Knowledge of gender aspects of economic policies is essential (part of training programs) As well as knowledge of priority issues and agenda at regional/national levels is necessary for data improvement ECE is a “natural” platform to strengthen the links between gender, economy and statistics at regional and sub-regional levels
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Thank you! Ewa Ruminska-Zimny UNECE Gender Focal Point Office of the Executive Secretary E-mail: Ewa.Zimny@unece.orgEwa.Zimny@unece.org Web: http://www.unece.org/oes/gender/Welcome.html
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