1. Dr. Shahram Yazdani 1 Different Types of Computer Assisted Instruction © 2002 ATGCIATGCI

2. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 2 Different ways of using computers in education Page turners Computerized books or lectures The only interaction is moving to the next screen Linear Paper or video may be a far more effective way of conveying information

3. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 3 Different ways of using computers in education Multiple choice quizzes MCQs are very common and easy to create. They provide instantaneous and precise feedback. The effectiveness of computerized MCQs usually depends on how well thy are written

4. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 4 Different ways of using computers in education Drill and practice Defined set of questions

5. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 5 Different ways of using computers in education Branching questions Next question depends on previous answers

6. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 6 Different ways of using computers in education Interactive multimedia The whole range of software that combine interactivity and graphics, video, sounds, and animation. In the traditional form students usually direct the flow of program, with their choices dictating the next screen or task

7. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 7 Different ways of using computers in education Hypertext and Hypermedia Hypertext is non-linear text, and Hypermedia is non-linear media The document is not necessarily read in a sequential order

8. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 8 Different ways of using computers in education Simulations Simulations usually imitate some real life situation. The student inputs some information and the computer respond with some appropriate information The response may be predetermined or it may be calculated depending on input data

9. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 9 Simulations Static: predefined case, multiple paths through Dynamic: case changes based on student actions (e.g. therapy could cause complications)

10. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 10 Different ways of using computers in education Micro-Worlds (Lurillard 1993) In this CAI the student can simulate an environment be defining the rules that control the Micro-World

11. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 11 Different ways of using computers in education Listservs or mailing lists Listservs are email list were copies of a single email are send around to every email address on the list. Thus discussion can go around a group of people with every people can read every posting and respond to it Listservs or mailing lists operate asynchronously

12. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 12 Different ways of using computers in education News groups or Bulletin board Virtual places for people to pin messages, you have to decide to go visit the bulletin board to see what other people have written. News groups operate asynchronously

13. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 13 Different ways of using computers in education Online tutorials All students are required to attach to their computers simultaneously and the discussions will take place in real time This can be achieved using an IRC Internet Relay Channel) or chat sessions or using virtual worlds, where people represents themselves using basic graphics.

14. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 14 Types of computer assisted learning materials available High tech. High cost High skill Low tech. Low cost Low skill Interactive constructivist Didactic Instructivist Email discussion groups Email discussion groups Email contact between tutor and student Email contact between tutor and student Interactive IT package allows feedback during lectures Interactive IT package allows feedback during lectures Students post Summaries on local intranet Students post Summaries on local intranet Bulletin board and visual bar Bulletin board and visual bar MCQs for self assessment on local intranet MCQs for self assessment on local intranet Free standing web based study modules Free standing web based study modules Computer assisted group work within traditional degree course Computer assisted group work within traditional degree course Fully web based interactive degree course Fully web based interactive degree course Students are directed To online catalogues And databases Students are directed To online catalogues And databases Hard copy materials eg reading lists, on local intranet Hard copy materials eg reading lists, on local intranet Assignments submitted on floppy disc Assignments submitted on floppy disc Students use presentation software (PowerPoint, etc) Students use presentation software (PowerPoint, etc) Online books, atlases, archives, and galleries Online books, atlases, archives, and galleries Web based non-interactive degree course Web based non-interactive degree course Lectures on digital video disc Lectures on digital video disc BMJ volume 322 6 January 2001

15. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 15 Separate worlds... Synchronous Asynchronous Text-basedMultimedia IRC, MUDs, MOOs Video conferencing Email, Computer conferencing Voicemail, Videograms, Video on demand

16. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 16 Pedagogical techniques for networked learning One-alone One-to-one One-to-many Many-to-many Morten Paulsen (1995)

17. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 17 One-alone: online resource paradigm Web pages Databases Journals Applications Libraries Interest groups

18. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 18 One-to-one: the email paradigm Learning contracts Apprenticeships Tutorials Transcripts Individual project

19. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 19 One-to-many: the bulletin board paradigm Noticeboard Lectures Symposiums Debates FAQs Ask an expert Team presentations Quizzes

20. © 2002 ATGCIATGCI Dr. Shahram Yazdani 20 Many-to-many: the conferencing paradigm Debates Seminars Discussion groups Role plays Brainstormings Project groups Case studies Peer counselling