1. Fruit Lecture and Notes

2. Basic Vocabulary Parts of Fruit
Seed – part new fruit grows from. Some are okay to eat, some are not.
Flesh – soft part of fruit that is eaten. Usually sweet.
Rind – hard outside of fruit, usually
don’t eat
Skin – soft or hard outside of fruit
often eaten
Core – middle part of fruit, usually
not eaten, sometimes has seeds.
FLESH
SKIN
SEEDS
CORE
RIND

3. Other Vocabulary Describing words
Pulpy – soft, squishy, OR juice with bits of fruit in it
Fleshy – soft, full, bulky
Juicy – wet
Netted – having a rough, net-like pattern

4. Fruit Classification - Pomes
Smooth skin
Large fleshy area that is around the core
Often have several seeds
Examples: Apples, pears, quince

5. Fruit Classification - Drupes
Contain a single seed, or pit,
Surrounded by juicy flesh
Examples: Peach, coffee, mango, olive, coconut, apricot, cherry, plum

6. Fruit Classification - Berries
Fragile
Pulpy and juicy
Tiny seeds in flesh
Examples: Strawberries, kiwi, currant, passion fruit

7. Fruit Classification - Melons
Hard outer surface that is smooth or netted
juicy flesh
Seeds in the center or in the flesh
Examples: Cantaloupe, watermelon, bitter melon, winter melon

8. Fruit Classification - Citrus
Grow in warm places
Firm rind
Pulpy flesh
Rind often used for flavoring - zest
Examples: Lemons, grapefruit, blood oranges, pummelo
ZEST

9. Fruit Classification – Tropical Fruits
Grow in very warm places
Many fit into the different categories already discussed
Many not grown in USA, some are
Examples: Pineapple, banana, carambola, lychee, dragonfruit, papaya

10. Forms and Storage of Fruits
Fresh: ripe fruits go bad easily and should stored the right way.
Wash just before eating
Handle fragile fruits gently to avoid bruising (like berries).
Ripen fruits on the counter, then store in refrigerators
Refrigerate fruits after cutting
Where you find certain fruits in the grocery store can give you a clue where they should be kept at home

11. Forms and Storage (Cont.)
Frozen: Store immediately in freezer. Do not thaw until ready to use. Do not refreeze.
Canned: Cool, dry place. After opening can, fruits can go bad so put in a jar and store in refrigerator.
Dried: Cool, dry place in original container. After opening, close container tightly.

12. Guidelines for Selecting Fruits
Buy fruits that are: Avoid Fruits that are:
Firm to the touch Too soft
The right color Too hard
Well Shaped Green or under-ripe
Heavy for their size Damaged or bruised
Smell good Rotten or Moldy
In good condition Discolored

13. Preparation of Fruits
Most are delicious when eaten RAW! They are more nutritious this way.
Cutting raw fruit with low acid content, turns dark on when air touches it. This is called enzymatic browning.
You can slow this by sprinkling the cut surface with acid like lemon juice!
Buy fruits that are IN SEASON! Cost less, available and better flavor!

14. Preparation of Fruits Fruits can be cooked by:
Simmering as in applesauce (When fruits are cooked in moist heat, the cellulose breaks down)
Stewing as in peaches, pears (Fruits cooked with sugar or in syrup will keep their shape and texture)
Baking as in apples
Microwaving

15. Nutrition Notes What is healthy about fruits?
Many have Vitamin C & A, and other vitamins and minerals
Fruits are high in fiber – the skin has a lot of fiber – leave the skin on
Most fruits are low in calories, - avocados & coconut are higher in calories
Some fruits have good fats in them
Most fruits (not all) are low in fat
Fruits have a lot of water (your body needs water)

16. Is organic better than not organic?
What does organic mean? - Organic = grown without chemicals on the farm
They are about the same nutritionally - Same amount of calories, fat, protein, carbs
Organic foods may have fewer chemicals on them. But there are only a tiny amount of chemicals on regular fruits
Organic cost more
Eating organic is a personal choice - Better for the environment
Answer: Maybe

17. Is juice healthy? Not healthier than just eating whole fruit
Water is a better drink
Juice is high in calories & sugar (as much as pop)
Juice has more sugar than eating normal fruit
Whole fruit is better than juice because it has fiber – makes you full
Juice does not have fiber, does have vitamins (which makes juice a tiny bit better than pop)
Smoothie or juice made of whole fruit IS healthier – you get fiber – as long as there is not a lot of added sugar

18. Nutrient Contribution
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) found in citrus fruits. Helps to defend your immune system to prevent colds, flu, even scurvy! Heals wounds.
Vitamin A: Found in fruits that are yellow to red in color (carotene) Prevents night blindness.
Examples: Yellow melons, pineapples, apricot, peach
Vitamin B: helps your brain function properly!
Minerals: Iron helps to make new red blood cells
Examples: oranges, strawberries, cantaloupe, dried fruit

19. More Nutrients Calcium: for strong bones and teeth
Examples: oranges, strawberries, cantaloupes and dried fruits like figs, dates, raisins, prunes, etc.
Sugar and cellulose are carbohydrates found in fruits. This is NATURAL sugars, which are the only sugars that should be eaten! They give the body energy.
The skin and pulp cellulose that the body can’t digest, also known as FIBER!!!!!!
Fruits are healthy because they contain very little protein and fat