1. 1 Normalisation Wim De Kesel Codes and standards Challenges General overview

2. 2 Normalisation Wim De Kesel The International Electrotechnical Commission The world’s leading organization that prepares and publishes International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies. Over 10 000 experts from industry, commerce, government, test and research labs, academia and consumer groups participate in IEC Standardization work. All information is on www.iec.ch

3. 3 Normalisation Wim De Kesel The International Electrotechnical Commission

4. 4 Normalisation Wim De Kesel The International Electrotechnical Commission IEC family (2011-03-18) Full members60 Associate members21 Affiliate countries81 IEC – Central office Geneva IEC – Regional centers Boston, USA – 2 Technical Officers + 2 Assistants Singapore – 2 Technical Officers + 2 Assistants + 1 Editor + 1 Office Manager Sao Paulo, Brazil – 1 Regional Manager + 1 assistant

5. 5 Normalisation Wim De Kesel IEC in Figure (2011-03-18) IEC Technical Committees and Subcommittees (TC/SC) 174 Working Groups (WG)425 Project Team (PT)221 Maintenance (MT)543 IEC Experts10512

6. 6 Normalisation Wim De Kesel IEC SMB SG4 Set up in 2009 Title: LVDC distribution systems up to 1500V DC The objective  a global systematic approach  to align and coordinate activities in many areas where LVDC is used such as  green data centres,  commercial buildings,  electricity storage for all mobile products (with batteries), EVs etc,  including all mobile products with batteries, lighting, multimedia, ICT etc. with electronic supply units.

7. 7 Normalisation Wim De Kesel IEC SMB SG4 The SG4 had 4 meetings  Twice in Stockholm (2009-12 and 2010-01)  Tokyo was held as an ad hoc meeting due to little participation due to the Icelandic volcano ash  Washington (2010-09)  Frankfurt (2011-02) Next meetings are planned for  Japan (2011-11/12)  USA (2012/04)

8. 8 Normalisation Wim De Kesel IEC SMB SG4 Main topics achieved  The title  Dc linked to energy efficiency or wider?  Decision: LVDC distribution systems up to 1500V DC  The scope  The objectives  The deliverables

9. 9 Normalisation Wim De Kesel IEC SMB SG4 The scope To address the IEC standardization needs on systems and products to be used with dc voltages up to 1500 V and to indicate to SMB the directions for future standardization in this field. To facilitate the effective and safe use of dc to address market needs, such as.  Energy efficiency  Reduction of EM phenomena  Reduction of the use of natural resources To inform the concerned technical bodies on the draw backs related to dc, such as.  Arcing  Corrosion  Overvoltages

10. 10 Normalisation Wim De Kesel IEC SMB SG4 The scope To set up a road map on how to reach global systematic approach on LVDC  Defining a structure for cross TC cooperation which promotes coordination of the work.  Encouraging the transfer of information between product committees and horizontal committees (bidirectional).  Encouraging regular TC reports on progress and planned work. To accompany the progress in the implementation of the road map. To support SMB to clear up possible overlaps between responsibilities of the related TCs and SCs To address certain topics to the advisory committees if relevant and necessary

11. 11 Normalisation Wim De Kesel IEC SMB SG4 The objectives Measuring methods Architecture of the system: 100% dc or hybrid System earthing (Grounding) Operation of equipment. Life cycle of equipment. Protective measures for hazards of LVDC distribution systems.  Fire hazard: Insulation faults, making and breaking of current, overcurrent, arcing  Electric shock / worker safety  Overvoltage protection The impact of dc on  corrosion  The characteristics of insulation material  insulation coordination  ignition and arcing

12. 12 Normalisation Wim De Kesel IEC SMB SG4 The objectives – applications LVDC can be used in applications, such as:  in the frame of Energy efficiency (reduction of conversion losses)  green data centres in US, JP, FR, SE, …  high tech buildings – continuous supply of electricity (e.g. In hospitals)  commercial buildings with a lot of lighting  DC-Grid / Sub-Grid  easy integration of renewable energy sources (dc), such as  Photovoltaic, fuel cells, wind turbines, osmotic power  island energy network (including local production and storage)  Easy integration of storage in the network (e.g. Batteries, flywheels)  to easily accommodate existing and new applications, e.g.  all mobile products (with batteries)  all products having electronic supply units (lighting, multi-media equipment,  ICT equipment, etc)  wiring system for data transfer  for charging electrical vehicles / vehicle to grid

13. 13 Normalisation Wim De Kesel IEC SMB SG4 The deliverables Analysing market and industry developments in its area, Identifying the TCs (technical committees) and SCs (subcommittees) concerned, Analysing the current level of TCs/SCs (technical committees/subcommittees) activities and identify where future activity is required, Defining a structure for the coordination of cross TC/SC work, where required, Monitoring TC/SC work to highlight any overlap of work or potential inconsistencies.

14. 14 Normalisation Wim De Kesel IEC SMB SG4 The deliverables - market and industry developments Analyzing market and industry developments in its area,  Workshops are organized  Now WashingtonWashington  2011/09 Frankfurt Goals of the Frankfurt workshop:  To identify the market drivers for using LVDC (market drivers are e.g. E², safety, easy to install, reliability, maintenance, cost, availability of energy, size factor, EMC)  Challenges and available technology  The conclusion of the workshop is to report on market needs/reality to IEC SMB SG4 The SG4 can use, during it’s further work, the report to work on the roadmap,

15. 15 Normalisation Wim De Kesel IEC SMB SG4 The deliverables – technical work Identifying the TCs (technical committees) and SCs (subcommittees) concerned, Analysing the current level of TCs/SCs (technical committees/subcommittees) activities and identify where future activity is required, Defining a structure for the coordination of cross TC/SC work, where required, Monitoring TC/SC work to highlight any overlap of work or potential inconsistencies.

16. 16 Normalisation IEC SMB SG4 The deliverables – technical work technical bodies responsible for products generating, distributing and consuming energy to analyze the impact of dc within their field TC82TC13TC2 TC88SC17BTC34 TC105SC17DTC59 TC114TC20TC61 TC22TC62 TC23TC69 SC32BTC96 SC37ATC100 TC64TC108 TC94 Technical bodies represented in the SG4 Technical bodies represented in the SG4 via liaisons technical bodies responsible for horizontal issues, to analyse the impact of dc within their field SG1 SG3 TC8 TC15 TC64 (IEC61140) TC73 TC77 TC89 TC106 TC109 TC112 There is need for participation of

17. 17 Normalisation Wim De Kesel IEC SMB SG4 The deliverables – technical work – challenges To further analyze the hazards linked to the use of dc and to find the appropriate technical body to do the standardization work (see next slide on Challenges) To make a final report on the standardization needs (Road Map) To receive reports on dc of the different technical bodies and analyze the progress and report to SMB

18. 18 Normalisation Wim De Kesel IEC SMB SG4 The deliverables – challenges Distribution voltage Challenges dcLife cycle of equipment Fire hazardInsultion faults Making and breaking – no ‘0’ crossing Overcurrent Arcing/ignition Overvoltage Corrosion 400V dc (+/-200V) Electric shock – RCD Impact on insulation characteristics of material 48V/19V dcVoltage drop in the installation SELV in the fixed installation Class II in fixed installation

19. 19 Normalisation Wim De Kesel Global standards – global solutions If the market decides, dc is a solution on certain case, this will give us the opportunity to create a package of real international standards applicable in all major markets To achieve this, there is need for contributions of experts specialized in  IEC type installations and  NEC type installations

20. 20 Normalisation Wim De Kesel Progress of the work on dc in IEC SG4: plans to have a workshop to define the market drivers for the use of dc – September 2011 TC23 WG8:  has set together general rules for dc accessories: future TR61916-2  is working on a standard for 5A-10A/400V dc plugs and SO TC64: is analysing the installation rules to define the gaps in the standard where the use of dc is not covered SC23E: is to start a discussion on protective devices for dc circuits

21. 21 Normalisation Wim De Kesel Thank you