1. Demographic Transition Model

2. Demographic Transition
Occurs in 4 stage
These stages track a countries level of development
Predicts the stability, growth or decline of the number of people in a population

3. Countries in Stage 1 Characteristics Low growth
Have high birth rates and high death rates
The population is stable ( not growing)
found in Pre-Industrial Societies
Ex: indigenous communities ( Pre-Agricultural Revolution)
Reasons
Lack of clean water, sanitation, medical care, education
Lack of family planning (use, access or need)

4. Countries in Stage 2 Characteristics High growth
Birth rate remains high
death rate is falling
Population grows steadily
Ex Yemen, Afghanistan, Laos, Swaziland, Bangladesh
Reasons
2nd Agricultural Revolution
Industrialization begins
Medical care Improves (just a little bit)
Family planning still not widely used

5. Countries in Stage 3 Characteristics Reasons Decreasing growth
Birth Rates (Natality) fall
Infant Mortality Rates Decline
Death Rates (Mortality) fall
However Population is still growing
Industrialization continues
Urbanization Increases
EX: Mexico, Colombia, Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, India, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Libya
Reasons
Cultural shift- people begin to favor small families
Status of Women Rises
Family planning available
Education- Literacy Rates increase for both women and men
Healthcare and Sanitation improves
Increased standard of living

6. Countries in Stage 4 Characteristics Low growth Birth rates very low
Death rates very low
Population is steady or shrinking
EX: Japan, Canada, China, most of Europe
Reasons
High standard of living
Healthcare and Sanitation widely available
(long life expectancy)
Elevated status of Women
More women in the labor force
Cultural attitudes favor smaller families
Education more readily accessible

7. Demographic Transition Model*
Preindustrial Stage
Early Expanding
Stage
Late Expanding
Postindustrial
Birth Rate and death rate (per 1000)
Low
Increasing
High
Decreasing
Growth Rate over Time

8. Link to Population Pyramids

9. Link to Population Pyramids?

10. Link to Population Pyramids?