1. B USINESS C OMPUTER A PPLICATION Eyad M. AlMassri BGMS4101 Introduction 1 Business Computer Application

2. C OMPUTER F UNDAMENTALS C HAPTER 1 2 Business Computer Application

3. B LOCK D IAGRAM O F C OMPUTER 1- Inputting : process of entering data into computer. 2- Storing : Saving data and instructions so that they are available for additional processing.. 3-Processing : Performing arithmetic operation or logical operation on data in order to convert them into useful information. 4- Outputting : process of producing useful information. 5- Controlling: direction the manner and sequence in which all the above operation. 3 Business Computer Application

4. B LOCK D IAGRAM O F C OMPUTER 4 Business Computer Application

5. Input Unit : keyboard, Mouse, Floppy. Output Unit : Printer, screen. Storage Unit : Hard disk. Central Processing Unit : 1- Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU). 2- Control Unit (CU). B LOCK D IAGRAM O F C OMPUTER 5 Business Computer Application

6. I NPUT -O UTPUT D EVICES The computer is dependent upon data and instructions before it can perform any computation and produce the result. Input devices which used to enter data. 6 Business Computer Application

7. I NPUT D EVICES Keyboard : is perhaps the most popular widely used device for entering data and instruction in a computer system. Mouse: is pointing device and its small hand held box and used to position the cursor on screen. Trackball and Space ball: pointing device, it consists of a ball which is fitted on a box. The ball can be rotated with the fingers or palm of the hand to move the cursor on the screen. Joystick: used to move the cursor position on the screen. Touch panel : It allows the display object or screen positions to be selected by the touch of a finger. 7 Business Computer Application

8. I NPUT D EVICES Mouse Keyboard Joystick 8 Business Computer Application

9. I NPUT D EVICES Touch Panels 9 Business Computer Application

10. O UTPUT D EVICES Screen: A monitor or display (sometimes called a visual display unit) is a piece of electrical equipment which displays images generated by devices such as computers, without producing a permanent record.electrical equipment computers Printers: In computing, a printer is a peripheral which produces a hard copy (permanent readable text and/or graphics) of documents stored in electronic form, usually on physical print media such as paper or transparencies. 10 Business Computer Application

11. M ODERN PRINT TECHNOLOGY Toner-based printers : by adhering toner to a light-sensitive print drum, then using static electricity to transfer the toner to the printing medium to which it is fused with heat and pressuretoner Liquid inkjet printers: printers operate by propelling variably-sized droplets of liquid or molten material (ink) onto almost any sized page. Solid ink printers Dye-sublimation printers: is a printer which employs a printing process that uses heat to transfer dye to a medium such as a plastic card, paper or canvas.canvas 11 Business Computer Application

12. C HARACTERISTICS O F C OMPUTER 1. Speed: The computer is a very high speed electronic device. The operations on the data inside the computer are performed through electronic circuits according to the given instructions. 2. Accuracy: computer is also very accurate device. it gives accurate output result provided that the correct input data and set of instructions are given to the computer. 3. Diligence : A computer can continually work for hours without creating any error. It does not get tired while working after hours of work it performs the operations with the same accuracy as well as speed as the first one. 4. Storage: A computer has internal storage (memory) as well as external or secondary storage. In secondary storage, a large amount of data and programs (set of instructions) can be stored for future use. 12 Business Computer Application

13. C HARACTERISTICS O F C OMPUTER 5. Versatility: versatile means flexible. Modern computer can perform different kind of tasks one by one of simultaneously. It is the most important feature of computer. At one moment your are playing game on computer, the next moment you are composing and sending emails etc. In colleges and universities computers are use to deliver lectures to the students. The talent of computer is dependent on the software. 6. Automation: A computer can automatically perform operations without interfering the user during the operations. It controls automatically different devices attached with the computer. It executes automatically the program instructions one by one. 7. Communications: Today computer is mostly used to exchange messages or data through computer networks all over the world. For example the information can be received or send throug the internet with the help of computer. It is most important feature of the modern information technology. 13 Business Computer Application

14. G ENERATION O F C OMPUTERS Computer History Year/Enter Computer History Inventors/Inventions Computer History Description of Event 1936 Konrad Zuse - Z1 Computer First freely programmable computer. 1942 John Atanasoff & Clifford Berry ABC Computer Who was first in the computing biz is not always as easy as ABC. 1944 Howard Aiken & Grace Hopper Harvard Mark I Computer The Harvard Mark 1 computer. 1946 John Presper Eckert & John W. Mauchly ENIAC 1 Computer 20,000 vacuum tubes later... 1948 Frederic Williams & Tom Kilburn Manchester Baby Computer & The Williams Tube Baby and the Williams Tube turn on the memories. 1947/48 John Bardeen, Walter Brattain & Wiliam Shockley The Transistor No, a transistor is not a computer, but this invention greatly affected the history of computers. 14 Business Computer Application

15. 1951 John Presper Eckert & John W. Mauchly UNIVAC Computer First commercial computer & able to pick presidential winners. 1953 International Business Machines IBM 701 EDPM Computer IBM enters into ' The History of Computers '. 1954 John Backus & IBM FORTRAN Computer Programming Language The first successful high level programming language. 1955 (In Use 1959) Stanford Research Institute, Bank of America, and General Electric ERMA and MICR The first bank industry computer - also MICR (magnetic ink character recognition) for reading checks. 1958 Jack Kilby & Robert Noyce The Integrated Circuit Otherwise known as 'The Chip' 1962 Steve Russell & MIT Spacewar Computer Game The first computer game invented. 1964 Douglas Engelbart Computer Mouse & Windows Nicknamed the mouse because the tail came out the end. 1969ARPAnet The original Internet. C HARACTERISTICS O F C OMPUTER 15 Business Computer Application

16. 1970Intel 1103 Computer Memory The world's first available dynamic RAM chip. 1971 Faggin, Hoff & Mazor Intel 4004 Computer Microprocessor The first microprocessor. 1971 Alan Shugart &IBM The "Floppy" Disk Nicknamed the "Floppy" for its flexibility. 1973 Robert Metcalfe & Xerox The Ethernet Computer Networking Networking. 1974/75Scelbi & Mark-8 Altair & IBM 5100 Computers The first consumer computers. 1976/77 Apple I, II & TRS-80 & Commodore Pet Computers More first consumer computers. 1978 Dan Bricklin & Bob Frankston VisiCalc Spreadsheet Software Any product that pays for itself in two weeks is a surefire winner. 1979 Seymour Rubenstein & Rob Barnaby WordStar Software Word Processors. 1981 IBM The IBM PC - Home Computer From an "Acorn" grows a personal computer revolution 1981 Microsoft MS-DOS Computer Operating System From "Quick And Dirty" comes the operating system of the century. 1983Apple Lisa Computer The first home computer with a GUI, graphical user interface. 1984Apple Macintosh Computer The more affordable home computer with a GUI. 1985Microsoft Windows Microsoft begins the friendly war with Apple. C HARACTERISTICS O F C OMPUTER 16 Business Computer Application