1. Bell Work: 10/24/13
Write the question, full answer, and justify why you chose your answer.
Work on your Earth’s Layers Foldable when you are finished with bell work.

2. Objectives 27. Movements of Earth’s Major Plates
Can I differentiate among the characteristics of earth’s three layers? (SPI )
Can I recognize that lithospheric plates on the scale of continents and oceans continually move at rates of centimeters per year. (SPI )
Can I describe the relationship between plate movements and earthquakes, mountain building, volcanoes, and sea floor spreading. (SPI )
Shifting Plates Choice Boards

3. Think, Pair, Share …
Come up with an explanation to the following question, pair up with your elbow partner, & share:
How do we know so much about the mantle and the core?

4. Question… How do we know so much about the mantle and the core?
We can study magma on the Earth’s surface from volcanic eruptions. Also, seismic waves, or vibrations produced from earthquakes, travel at different speeds through the Earth. Their speed depends on the density and composition of the material they pass through.
Traveling through a solid will go faster than through a liquid. How did this knowledge help scientists figure out what state each layer is in?

5. Restless Continents Look at pg. 400!
In the early 1900s, ___________ ___________ wrote about his hypothesis of ____________ ______, arguing that all the continents were once joined together in a single landmass and have drifted apart.
He proposed that the continents plowed through ocean floor, driven by the spin of the Earth.
Continental drift is the hypothesis that states that the _____________ once formed a single ______________, broke up, and drifted to their present locations.
Alfred
Wegener
continental
drift
continents
landmass

6. Make Pangaea with the pieces of continents at your group.
Wegener thought that all of the present continents were once __________ in a single, huge continent called ______________.
Pangaea is Greek for ______________.
joined
Pangaea
You try it!
Make Pangaea with the pieces of continents at your group.
“all Earth”

7. Look at the map. At your group, discuss the following questions
Look at the map. At your group, discuss the following questions. You have 2 minutes.
What evidence supports Wegener’s theory?
Since all dinosaurs cannot swim, explain how the same fossil can be found on all continents.

8. Challenging Question…
Think, Pair, Share…
Based on what you know about the plates, how would you prove Wegener’s theory to be true today?

9. Tracking Tectonic Plate Motion
Today, scientists use a system of satellites called global positioning system or GPS.
Radio signals are continuously beamed from satellites to GPS ground stations, which record the exact distance between the satellites and the ground stations.
Over time, these distances change slightly.
**The movement is measured in centimeters per year.

10. Composition of Earth’s Plates
Wegener thought that more than continents were moving. According to the theory of _________ _________, Earth’s lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move around on the asthenosphere.
A ___________ is a place where tectonic plates touch.
____________- boundary formed by the collision of two lithospheric plates
____________- boundary between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other
____________- boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding past each other horizontally
plate
tectonics
boundary
Convergent
Divergent
Transform
Check this out!

11. Proving Wegener Wrong
The older term "continental drift" is not quite accurate -- both continents and oceanic crust move.
We now know that Wegener's theory was wrong in one major point: continents do not plow through the ocean floor. Instead, both continents and ocean floor form solid plates, which "float" on the asthenosphere, the underlying rock that is under such tremendous heat and pressure that it behaves as an extremely viscous liquid.

12. 2 Minute Journal
Write a two minute journal giving evidence on how Wegner’s Continental Drift theory could possibly be true, but also discuss the flaws behind his theory.

13. Events associated with movements of earth’s major plates:
Sea-floor spreading
Mountain building
Earthquakes
Volcanoes

14. Bell Work: 10/25/13
Please write the question, answer, and explain why you chose that answer (justify). Have your Earth’s Layers foldable open on your desk & turn in your questions to the inbox.

15. Objectives 27. Movements of Earth’s Major Plates
Differentiate among the characteristics of earth’s three layers. (SPI )
Recognize that lithospheric plates on the scale of continents and oceans continually move at rates of centimeters per year. (SPI )
Describe the relationship between plate movements and earthquakes, mountain building, volcanoes, and sea floor spreading. (SPI )
Shifting Plates Choice Boards

16. Events associated with movements of earth’s major plates:
Sea-floor spreading
Mountain building
Earthquakes
Volcanoes

17. Draw a picture of Sea Floor Spreading.
____________ __________, or underwater mountain chains, are where ____________ ___________ takes place. Divergent boundaries are formed when plates move away from each other.
Sea-floor spreading is the process by which new oceanic ____________________ forms as __________ rises toward the surface and solidifies.
As ___________ __________ move
away from each other, the
sea floor spreads apart and
magma fills the gap.
Mid-ocean
ridges
Sea-floor
spreading
magma
Lithosphere (or crust)
tectonic
plates
Draw a picture of Sea Floor Spreading.

18. Mountain Building
______________ exist because tectonic plates are continually ______________ around and ___________ with one another.
The Andes Mountains in South America formed where two tectonic plates converge or collide.
When tectonic plates undergo ________________ or ____________, they form mountains.
Mountains
moving
colliding
compression
tension
Indian Plate
Eurasian Plate

19. Volcanoes
Tectonic plate boundaries are likely places for _____________ to form.
________ _________ _____ _________, which are plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean, contains nearly _____ of the world’s active volcanoes.
About _____ of active volcanoes on land form where plates ______________, and about ______ form where plates ____________.
At these plate boundaries it is possible for _____________ to form and travel to the surface.
What about the volcanoes that do not form at plate boundaries? How do they form? Look at page 466.
volcanoes
The
Ring of
Fire
75%
80%
collide
15%
separate
magma

20. Earthquakes Watch This!
The study of earthquakes is called ________________.
Most earthquakes take place near the edges of __________ ___________.
As tectonic plates push, pull, or slip past each other, stress increases along breaks in the Earth’s crust, or ___________.
In response to this stress, rock in the plates _______________.
__________ _______________ leads to earthquakes.
It’s like a stretched rubber band, you can only stretch rock so far before it breaks. When the rock breaks, it releases ________________.
This energy is released in the form of seismic waves.
seismology
Watch This!
tectonic
plates
faults
deforms
Elastic
deformation
energy

21. 2 Minute Journal
“Why is it important to me and to the future of our planet to learn as much as we can about the movement of plates and what effects they have?”

22. Shifting Plates Choice Board
You and a partner will complete one mandatory topic and one topic of choice from the Shifting Plates Choice Board.
Along with researching these topics, you and your partner will choose a product to create for each topic.
You may only use each product once.
You must use the sites on my portaportal to research your topics.