1. Periodic Table of Elements

2. Color Code the Periodic Table:
Metals: blue
Nonmetals: yellow
Metalloids: green

3. Review- How to read a square
Each element is identified by the number of protons
Each square on the table includes:
How to find the number of neutrons = (atomic mass – atomic number)
How to find the number of protons and electrons = atomic number

4. The Periodic Table
There are about 115 elements that have been discovered, 92 of which occur in nature.
Elements are arranged on the periodic table.

5. Dmitri Mendeleev
Created the first periodic table of elements based on repeating properties in 1869
Every time the properties started to repeat, he started a new row on the table

6. How the Table is Arranged
Elements are arranged by increasing atomic number and by their properties in the periodic table.
Remember:
Atomic Number is the number of protons in the nucleus
Atomic Mass is the number of protons plus neutrons is in an atom
The atomic number of neon is 10. There are 10 protons in a neon atom.
The atomic number of sodium is 11.There are 11 protons in a sodium atom.

7. Rows are Called Periods
Each horizontal (left to right) row of elements is called a period.
There are 7 horizontal periods in the table
Physical and chemical properties in a period change from left to right (go from metal, to metalloid, to nonmetal)
Think of it as a sentence… you read left to right and you have a period at the end of a sentence. Periods go left to right!

8. Columns are Called Groups
Each vertical (up and down) column of elements is called a group.
There are 18 vertical groups in the table.
Elements in the same group have the same chemical and physical properties.

9. Classes of Elements Elements are classified into 3 categories: Metals
Non-metals
Metalloids
The zig-zag line on the periodic table will help you recognize which elements belong in which category
Metals, nonmetals, metalloids

11. Metals Metals are found to the left of the zigzag line
Most metals are solid at room temperature
Properties of metals:
Shiny
Flexible (can be shaped without shattering)
Good conductors of electricity

12. Nonmetals Nonmetals are found to the right of the zigzag line
More than half of the nonmetals are gases at room temperature.
Properties of nonmetals: (opposite of metals)
Not shiny
Not flexible
Poor conductors of electricity

13. Metalloids Metalloids are the elements that border the zigzag line
Metalloids have some properties of both metals and nonmetals.
Ex. Tellurium is shiny but not flexible, so it can not be shaped.
Metalloids are also called semiconductors

14. Grouping the Elements
Element Funkiness

15. Group 1: Alkali Metals Alkali metals are the most reactive metals
They Blow up in water!
Properties:
softness
color of silver
shininess
low density

16. Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals
Very reactive, but less reactive than alkali metals
Properties:
Color of silver
Higher densities than alkali metals
See these guys in action!

17. Groups 3-12: Transition Metals
Less reactive than Alkaline Earth Metals
Shared properties:
shininess
good conductors of electricity
higher densities

18. Group 17: Halogens Most reactive nonmetals Properties:
Poor conductors of electric current
Most are toxic!
Ready for more fireworks??!

19. Group 18: Noble Gases The most un-reactive elements on the table.
Contain nonmetals
Properties:
colorless, odorless gases at room temperature
Noble Gases in Balloons!
Noble= too good to interact with the other elements (peasants)

20. Put it all together….
Brain pop- periodic table