1. A. Mouth = Amylase C. Gastric = stomach Parietal Cells = HCl Chief Cells = pepsinogen Mucus Secreting Cells Gastrin Absorption water, some ions, aspirin and ethanol into blood B. Esophagus = Peristalsis of bolus Liver = secretes bile Bile is stored = Gall Bladder Pancreas = sodium bicarbonate; Amylase, lipase, trypsin, protease Chymotrypsin, nucleases, Carboxypeptidase, Islets Of Langerhans D. Small Intestine = Digestion absorption Villi and Microvilli E. Colon = water and undigested 10 14 microorganisms; most are Commensals; 50% dry weight of Feces bacteria

7. Hormones that control digestion Gastrin (stomach) …stomach acid and pepsinogen Secretin (small intestine) …Stimulates bicarbonate production in pancreas …neutralize the acidic entering the small intestine. CCK Cholecystokinin (small intestine) …Bile release from the gall bladder Regulate appetite Ghrelin …stimulates appetite. Peptide YY …response to a meal and inhibits appetite

12. Colon 10.0 L water per day …. 2.0 L from food …. 8.0 liters is from secretions into the gut …. Reabsorbs 95% of that water Absorbs sodium and other ions Excretes other metallic ions Absorbs vitamin K produced by colon bacteria Diarrhea can result if water is not absorbed …causing dehydration and ion loss The last 20 cm of the large intestine is the rectum

14. Polyps …growths in the epithelial lining of the colon …benign or malignant …removed individually …low-fat, high-fiber diet protection against colon cancer

15. One Medium-Sized Apple (5 ½ oz/160g) Calories....................80 Dietary Fiber........5.0 grams Carbohydrate..........18 grams Fat..................0.0 grams Protein..............0.0 grams Cholesterol.............0.0 mg Sodium..................0.0 mg Vitamin C...............6.0 mg Potassium...............170 mg "An apple a day keeps the doctor away."