1. I- Scientific Method: Logical method used by scientist
to solve a problem.
A- Steps of Scientific Method:
1- Make an observation
2- Identify the problem
3- Form Hypothesis (educated guess or prediction) an idea that attempts to explain the problem

2. 4. Form an experiment to test hypothesis:
a. Controlled experiment consist of two set ups
~ Control part of experiment that is constant in both setups.
~ Independent Variable: is the condition that is change or manipulated.

3. ~ Dependent Variable: is the response to the independent variable.
~ Data : collected as you conduct experiment (recorded observations)
~ Qualitative = descriptions
~ Quantitative= measurements
5. Analyze data
6. Draw a conclusion based on your
data, is your hypothesis correct?

4. Metric Measurement

5. I- The Metric System or SI based on the number ten.
A- The first type of measure is
Length = the distance from one point to another. The meter is the basic unit of length.

6. Factor Word
Thousands
Hundreds
Tens
Basic unit
Tenths
Hundredths
Thousandths
Factor Number
1000
100 10 1
0.1
0.01
0.001
Prefix
kilo-
hecto-
deca-
Meter
Gram
Liter
deci-
centi-
milli-
Symbol k h da d c m

9. volume = the amount of space an object takes up. Two Types:
B- Volume Measurement
volume = the amount of space an object takes up. Two Types:
(1) solid volume (regular and irregular)
(2) fluid (liquid and gas) volume

10. a-Volumes of Regular Solids
BOX or RECTANGLE
Then the formula V= L X W X H is used to determine the volume.

12. b-Volumes of Irregular Solids
Use the principle of liquid displacement.
Fill an overflow container with
water.
Place a graduated cylinder under
spout.
Place object in container.
Measure amount of water in
graduated cylinder.

14. Fig. 1. Before placing the solid in the graduated cylinder
                                                    
Fig. 1. Before placing the solid in the graduated cylinder
Fig. 2. After placing the solid in the graduated cylinder

15. c-Measurement of Fluid Volumes
          The graduated cylinder is used measuring liquid volume. The liter (l) is the metric unit. Solids is the cubic centimeter(cm3) (Other metric units of volume that are more often associated with volumes of which is equal to a milliliter.)

16. Meniscus = The curve seen at the liquid's surface.
Read the scale at the lowest part.

17. Mass = Amount of matter that an object is made of.
C- Mass Measurement
Mass = Amount of matter that an object is made of.
Instrument =Triple Beam Balance.
Measured in grams.
Remains constant everywhere on Earth.

20. D-Density = amount of mass in a given volume.
Density is measured in g/cm3
Water = 1.0g/cm3
The density of a substance is always the same. (at a given pressure and temperature regardless of the size of the sample of the substance).

21. We can calculate density using the formula: Density= Mass/Volume or
Where d
 = 
density m
mass  v
volume 
Where d
 = 
Dumb m
Mr  v V 

22. Block I
Mass = 79.4 grams
Volume=29.8 cubic cm.
Block II:
Mass= 25.4 grams
Volume=29.8 cubic cm.

23.       
Solve for density
       
Solve for mass
Solve for volume